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Donbas-Don Operation
The Donbas-Don operation was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War that lasted from January to February 1918, by forces of the Southern Revolutionary Front under the command of Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko, against the Cossack troops of Alexey Kaledin and Volunteer detachments on the territory of the Donbas and the Don Cossack region. It was the decisive operation in the complete conquest of Russia by the Bolsheviks following the October Revolution. Background In November 1917, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries created a joint revolutionary-military committee in Rostov-on-Don. At the call of the Bolsheviks, 2,000 sailors from the Black Sea Fleet, based in Sevastopol, joined the Red Guards. On 9 December 1917, the committee initiated an uprising in the city; the Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks, who did not agree with this decision, subsequently left the committee. The uprising was a success and the Bolsheviks took control of Rostov. Six days later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Front Of The Russian Civil War
The Southern Front was a military theater of the Russian Civil War. Don revolts and formation of the Volunteer Army In the aftermath of the October Revolution, politicians and army officers hostile to the Bolsheviks gravitated to the Don Cossack Host after its ataman, General Aleksey Kaledin, publicly offered sanctuary to opponents of the Soviet regime. Among those seeking refuge in the Don was the former chief of staff of the tsarist army, General Mikhail Alekseyev, who immediately began organizing a military unit to oppose both the Bolsheviks and the Central Powers. Alekseyev was soon joined by other prominent tsarist generals, including the charismatic Lavr Kornilov. The two men, along with Kaledin, assumed top roles in the anticommunist White movement taking shape in the Don region during the winter of 1917 – 18. Militarily, the White forces remained weak into the spring of 1918. The ranks of the Volunteer Army formed by Alekseyev and Kornilov never exceeded over 4,000 com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don Republic
__NOTOC__ The Don Republic (), later known as the Almighty Don Host (), was an independent self-proclaimed anti-Bolshevik republic formed by the Armed Forces of South Russia on the territory of Don Cossacks against another self-proclaimed Don Soviet Republic. The Don Republic existed during the Russian Civil War after the collapse of the Russian Empire from 1918 to 1920. In April 1918, after the liberation of Novocherkassk from control of the Don Soviet Republic, a Don Provisional Government was formed under Georgy Petrovich Yanov. On 11 May, the "circle for the Salvation of the Don" opened, which organized the anti-Bolshevik war. On 16 May, Pyotr Krasnov was elected Ataman. On 17 May, Krasnov presented his "Basic Laws of The All Great Don Host." Its 50 points included the inviolability of private property and abolished all laws promulgated since the abdication of Nicholas II. Krasnov also encouraged nationalism. According to Peter Kenez, "This new preoccupation with the gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Group Of Forces In Battle With The Counterrevolution In The South Of Russia
The Group of Forces for Combating Counter-Revolution in the South of Russia () was a military formation of the Soviet Russian government created in the beginning of December 1917 to invade and occupy various autonomous state formations (the Don Host Oblast and Ukrainian People's Republic) with a goal of establishing the Soviet government. The formation mainly consisted of Red Guard troops from Petrograd and Moscow under the command of Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko and Mikhail Muravyov as the chief of staff. The group consisted of some 20,000 troops. Historical background The group started to arrive in Kharkiv on December 21, 1917, and on December 22–23, 1917, with the help of the local squads of Red Guards, it established Soviet power in the city. On December 24–25, 1917, in Kharkiv the First All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets, which proclaimed the Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets, took place. The group included the squads of Rudolf Sivers, Yuriy Sablin, Pavel Yeg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Petrovich Petrov (general)
Mikhail Petrovich Petrov (; 15 January 1898 October/November 1941) was a Red Army major general and a Hero of the Soviet Union. Born to a peasant family, he moved to Petrograd and became a metalworker at the Putilov Plant, where he became a Red Guard squad leader and fought in the storming of the Winter Palace. He joined the Red Army and fought in the Russian Civil War. During the interwar period Petrov became an armored corps officer and fought as a tank battalion commander during the Spanish Civil War. For his leadership, he received the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 21 June 1937. Petrov returned to the Soviet Union and became a tank corps commander, which he led in the Soviet invasion of Poland. He led a mechanized corps in the initial stages of Operation Barbarossa and became commander of the 50th Army in August 1941. He became commander of the Bryansk Front in October 1941 and was fatally wounded during the breakout from the Bryansk Pocket. Early life and Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuriy Sablin
Yuriy Vladimirovich Sablin (Russian: Юрий Владимирович Саблин; 24 November 1897 – 1937) was a Russian military leader and Socialist Revolutionary. Yuriy was born in Yuryev, Governorate of Livonia, into a family of a book publisher Vladimir Sablin (1872-1916) and daughter of the Russian playwright Fyodor Korsh, Varvara. Yuriy Sablin studied at the Moscow Commerce Institute and completed academic audit of the Moscow State University. In 1915 he joined the Socialist Revolutionary Party. During the World War I, in 1916 Sablin volunteered to army and served in artillery as a battery sergeant (vice-fireworker). He served at the Southwestern Front and the Romanian Front where he was poisoned with gases. After his recovery in a hospital, Sablin graduated the 2nd Moscow school of ensigns in 1917 and then served in the 56th Reserve Infantry Regiment. Since March 1917 Sablin was a member of Left Socialist Revolutionaries and the Moscow city Council Ispolkom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko
Vladimir Alexandrovich Antonov-Ovseenko (; ; 9 March 1883 – 10 February 1938), real surname Ovseenko, party aliases 'Bayonet' () and 'Nikita' (), literary pseudonym A. Galsky (), was a prominent Bolshevik leader, Soviet statesman, military commander, and diplomat. He was executed during the Great Purge. Early years He was born in Chernigov, the son of an infantry officer and nobleman. He was an ethnic Ukrainian. In 1901, he graduated from the Voronezh Cadet Corps and entered the Nikolaev Military Engineering School, but refused to swear “allegiance to the Tsar and the Fatherland,” later explaining this by "an organic aversion to militarism". After a week and a half of arrest he was expelled. Antonov-Ovseenko then joined a student Marxist circle in Warsaw. As he himself wrote: “At the age of 17, I broke with my parents, because they were people of old, royal views, I did not want to know them anymore. Blood ties are worth nothing, if there are no other ones”. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasily Tchernetzov
Vasily Mikhailovich Chernetsov (; March 3, 1890 – January 23, 1918) was a Don Cossack Russian Imperial Army officer who served as a colonel in the Don Army during the Russian Civil War. He led Chernetsov's Partisans, an independent irregular military unit commissioned by ataman Alexey Kaledin on November 7, 1917. Awards * Order of St. Anna of 4th degree * Order of St. Anna of 3rd degree * Order of Saint Stanislaus of 3rd degree * Order of Saint Stanislaus of 2nd degree * Order of St. Vladimir of 4th degree * Gold Sword for Bravery Literature The deaths of Colonel Chernetsov and his partisans at the hands of the Bolsheviks are part of the plot of the Mikhail Sholokhov novel And Quiet Flows the Don ''And Quiet Flows the Don'' (''Quiet Flows the Don'' or ''The Silent Don'', ) is a novel in four volumes by Russian writer Mikhail Sholokhov. The first three volumes were written from 1925 to 1932 and published in the Soviet magazine '' Okty .... References Monument to Che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexey Kaledin
Alexey Maksimovich Kaledin (; 24 October 1861 – 11 February 1918) was a Don Cossack Cavalry General who commanded the 12th Cavalry Division and Russian Eight Army during World War I. He also led the Don Cossack White movement in the opening stages of the Russian Civil War. Early years Kaledin attended the Mikhaylovskoye Artillery School and the General Staff Academy. World War I Kaledin served as a cavalry commander at the beginning of the war, before taking over command of a cavalry corps, and rising to the rank of General of the Cavalry. He was then assigned command of the 8th Army on the Southwest Front, participated in the Brusilov offensive, and won the Battle of Lutsk. Kaledin spoke at the Moscow State Conference, stating "all Soviets and committees must be abolished, both in the army and in the rear." Following the Kornilov affair, Kaledin retreated back to Novocherkassk, and protection of the ''voisko'', to avoid arrest by the Provisional Government. When h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kutepov
Alexander Pavlovich Kutepov (; 28 September 1882 – 26 January 1930) was a Russian military officer in the Imperial Russian Army and later an anti-communist officer in the Volunteer Army during the Russian Civil War. From 1928 to 1930, he chaired the Russian All-Military Union (ROVS).Зинкевич М. МГенерал Александр Павлович Кутепов- "В течение трёх лет, с конца 1917 и по ноябрь 1920 года, на наших глазах полковник Кутепов вырос в незаурядного начальника крупных войсковых соединений и администратора. ..После смерти генерала, барона П.Н. Врангеля и Великого Князя Николая Николаевича генерал Кутепов стал во главе Русского Обще-Воинского Союза." He was assassinated after being abducted by OGPU ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Denikin
Anton Ivanovich Denikin (, ; – 7 August 1947) was a Russian military leader who served as the Supreme Ruler of Russia, acting supreme ruler of the Russian State and the commander-in-chief of the White movement–aligned armed forces of South Russia (1919–1920), South Russia during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923. Previously, he was a general in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I. Childhood Denikin was born on 16 December 1872, in the village of Szpetal Dolny, part of the city Włocławek in Warsaw Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Poland). His father, Ivan Efimovich Denikin, had been born a serf in the province of Saratov. Sent as a recruit to do 25 years of military service, the elder Denikin became an officer in the 22nd year of his army service in 1856. He retired from the army in 1869 with the rank of major. In 1869, Ivan Denikin married Polish seamstress Elżbieta Wrzesińska as his second wife. Anton Denikin, the couple's only child, spoke bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Alekseyev
Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseyev () ( – ) was an Imperial Russian Army general during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Between 1915 and 1917 he served as Tsar Nicholas II's Chief of Staff of the Stavka, and after the February Revolution, was its commander-in-chief under the Russian Provisional Government from March to May 1917. He later played a principal role in founding the Volunteer Army in the Russian Civil War and died in 1918 of heart failure while fighting the Bolsheviks in the Volga region. Biography Alekseyev was born in Vyazma, in the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Smolensk Oblast, Russia). His father, Vasili Alekseyev, was an army captain in the 64th Kazan Regiment from a modest background. In 1873 Alekseyev entered as a volunteer in the 2nd Grenadiers Regiment in Rostov. He graduated from the Moscow Infantry School in 1876 and was commissioned an ensign in the same 64th Kazan Regiment. He served as an orderly to General Mikhail S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
