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Donald Fortier
Donald R. Fortier (January 9, 1947 – August 23, 1986) was a member of the United States Intelligence Community. Biography Fortier was born on January 9, 1947, in Columbus, Ohio. He received his B.A. from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, and his M.A. in political science and international relations from the University of Chicago, where he studied under Albert Wohlstetter. He was the recipient of a Ford Foundation fellowship in Chicago. Prior to working for the U.S. Government, Fortier also worked as a consultant to the Rand Corporation on national security issues. Federal service National Security Council Donald Fortier joined the National Security Council in September 1982 as Director for Western Europe and NATO. In June 1983, he assumed the position of Senior Director for Political-Military Affairs and Special Assistant to the President. In December 1983 he was appointed to the rank of Deputy Assistant to the President with responsibility for policy development. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine United States Minor Outlying Islands, Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in Compact of Free Association, free association with three Oceania, Pacific Island Sovereign state, sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Palau, Republic of Palau. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders Canada–United States border, with Canada to its north and Mexico–United States border, with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the List of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oliver North
Oliver Laurence North (born October 7, 1943) is an American political commentator, television host, military historian, author, and retired United States Marine Corps lieutenant colonel. A veteran of the Vietnam War, North was a National Security Council staff member during the Iran–Contra affair, a political scandal of the late 1980s. It involved the illegal sale of weapons to the Khomeini regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran to encourage the release of American hostages then held in Lebanon. North formulated the second part of the plan, which was to divert proceeds from the arms sales to support the Contra rebel groups in Nicaragua, sales which had been specifically prohibited under the Boland Amendment. North was granted limited immunity from prosecution in exchange for testifying before Congress about the scheme. He was initially convicted on three felony charges, but the convictions were vacated and reversed and all charges against him dismissed in 1991. North u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Rodman
Peter Warren Rodman (November 24, 1943 – August 2, 2008) was an American attorney, government official, author, and national security adviser. Early life and education Born in Boston, he was educated at The Roxbury Latin School. He earned an A.B from Harvard College, a B.A. and M.A. from Worcester College, Oxford, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. Career Rodman began his career in government as a staff member on the National Security Council, working from 1969 to 1977 and serving as an assistant to Henry Kissinger. From 1977 to 1983, he was a Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. From 1984 to 1986, Rodman served as Director of Policy Planning under Ronald Reagan. He served as Reagan's Deputy National Security Advisor from 1986 to 1987. From 1987 to 1990, he served as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and National Security Council Counselor. He was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998 Project for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission On Protecting And Reducing Government Secrecy
The Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy, also called the Moynihan Commission, after its chairman, U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, was a bipartisan statutory commission in the United States. It was created under Title IX of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (P.L. 103-236 SEC. 900) to conduct "an investigation into all matters in any way related to any legislation, executive order, regulation, practice, or procedure relating to classified information or granting security clearances" and to submit a final report with recommendations. The Commission's investigation of government secrecy was the first authorized by statute since the Wright Commission on Government Security issued its report in 1957. The Commission issued its unanimous final report on March 3, 1997. A major effect of the commission was the declassification of the VENONA project. Key findings The Commission's key findings were: *Secrecy is a form of governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alison B
Alison may refer to: People * Alison (given name), including a list of people with the name * Alison (surname) Music * ''Alison'' (album), aka ''Excuse Me'', a 1975 album by Australian singer Alison MacCallum * "Alison" (song), song by Elvis Costello * "Alison (C'est ma copine à moi)", a 1993 single by Jordy * "Alison", 1994 single by Slowdive Places * Alison, New South Wales, suburb of the Central Coast region in NSW, Australia * Alison Sound, an inlet on the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada * Point Alison, Alberta, a summer village in Alberta, Canada Other uses * ''Alison'' (film), a South African documentary film * ALISON (company), an educational technology company * Alison, common name for plants of the genus ''Alyssum'', including: ** Sweet alison, a decorative plant * ''Alison'' (katydid) a genus in the Hexacentrinae subfamily of bush crickets See also * Alisoun (other) * Alisson (other) * Allison (other) * Allisson (disambigua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STTGI
Stanford Technology Trading Group International (STTGI) was a shell company founded by USAF Major General Richard V. Secord and Iranian arms dealer Albert Hakim, and a cornerstone of what was informally known as the "Enterprise", a complex web of for-profit business entities and non-profit front organizations created by Secord and Hakim to facilitate sales of arms to Iran, transfers of arms to the Nicaraguan Contras, as well as side dealings that benefited the Enterprise's principals in various ways. Anatomy of the Enterprise Key people * Thomas G. Clines Thomas Gregory Clines (August 18, 1928 – July 30, 2013) was a Central Intelligence Agency covert operations officer who was a prominent figure in the Iran-Contra Affair. Background Clines served in the 1950–1953 Korean War, and was awarded th ..., ''aka'' "C. Tea". Earned $883,000 for his services to the Enterprise. * Willard I. Zucker, financial manager of the Enterprise's Swiss bank accounts. Business and non-pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Hakim
Albert A. Hakim (July 16, 1936 - April 25, 2003) was an Iranian-American businessman and a figure in the Iran-Contra affair. Born into a Jewish Iranian family, Hakim attended California Polytechnic Institute for three years, beginning in 1955. Back in Iran, he established an export business specializing in advanced technologies, and in avoiding export restrictions related to them. He became ''persona non grata'' in Iran after the Islamic Revolution. Hakim was credited with negotiating a nine-point plan known as the "Hakim Accords", in which he negotiated the release of David P. Jacobsen, an American hostage held by the Islamic Republic of Iran from the Iran Hostage Crisis. Democratic Representative Ed Jenkins called the plan the "Hakim Accords". Later, during Hakim's trial for his role in the Iran-Contra affair, Jacobsen wrote a letter in Hakim's defense in which he stated: "I would be in my fifth year of captivity had it not been for his akim'sextraordinary efforts in negotiati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Secord
Major General Richard Vernon Secord, Retired (born July 6, 1932), is a United States Air Force officer with a notable career in covert operations. Early in his military service, he was a member of the first U.S. aviation detachment sent to the Vietnam War in August 1961, Operation Farm Gate. Secord left Vietnam in 1965 to attend Air Command and Staff College. Afterward, he returned to Southeast Asia, being detailed to the Central Intelligence Agency for duty in the Secret War in Laos. While in Laos, he was responsible for several notable military actions. One was the Battle of Lima Site 85. Another was the only successful prisoner of war rescue of the Vietnam War. Both of these came about because of his responsibilities for overseeing the operations of the Royal Lao Air Force, Air America, and Raven FACs. After his Southeast Asian service, Secord commanded the 603rd Special Operations Squadron and underwent further advanced military education at the Naval War College. He th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Endowment For The Preservation Of Liberty
The National Endowment for the Preservation of Liberty (NEPL) was a shell company used by Oliver North to provide funds and support the Contras who were fighting the left-wing Sandinista government. The company was a way for wealthy American citizens who were sympathetic to Reagan’s Contra policy to donate large sums of money and arms to Nicaragua. The company used the International Business Communications (IBC) to funnel money to the Contras. History The company was created in 1984 by Carl Channell and Richard R. Miller. The company used education and general public as a front for their backdoor operations. The company was exempted for taxes under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The private fundraisers were considered “ground troops” for Oliver North and Richard Secord’s operations. The organization had close ties to the White House which was imperative for the funding. Iran Contra The funds were from the NEPL and sent directly to the Contras. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front Organization
A front organization is any entity set up by and controlled by another organization, such as intelligence agencies, organized crime groups, terrorist organizations, secret societies, banned organizations, religious or political groups, advocacy groups, or corporations. Front organizations can act for the parent group without the actions being attributed to the parent group, thereby allowing them to hide certain activities from the authorities or the public. Front organizations that appear to be independent voluntary associations or charitable organizations are called front groups. In the business world, front organizations such as front companies or shell corporations are used to shield the parent company from legal liability. In international relations, a puppet state is a state which acts as a front (or surrogate) for another state. Intelligence agencies Intelligence agencies use front organizations to provide "cover", plausible occupations and means of income, for thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
