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Dnp Ukr2013 08
DNP may refer to: Science and technology * 2,4-Dinitrophenol, a small organic molecule formerly marketed as a pharmaceutical "diet aid" * Deoxyribonucleoprotein, a complex of DNA and protein * Distance to neutral point, a quantity which is important when considering thermal expansion mismatch * Distributed Network Protocol (DNP3), a protocol used in SCADA systems for communication with remote terminal units and intelligent electronic devices * "Do not populate" or "do not place", a term used in printed circuit board design to denote the omitting of a component * Dynamic nuclear polarization, a technique used in NMR spectroscopy Government and politics * German National Party (German: Deutsche Nationalpartei), a former German political party in Czechoslovakia * "Duty Not Paid", in the context of cigarette smuggling * National Police Corps (Netherlands), Dutch National Police, the police agency in the Netherlands Other uses * Dai Nippon Printing, the world's largest printing co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP or simply DNP) is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H3(NO2)2. It is a yellow, crystalline solid that has a sweet, musty odor. It sublimates, is volatile with steam, and is soluble in most organic solvents as well as aqueous alkaline solutions. When in a dry form, it is a high explosive and has an instantaneous explosion hazard. It is a precursor to other chemicals and is biochemically active, uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from the electron transport chain in cells with mitochondria, by allowing protons to pass from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix. Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly regulated step in aerobic respiration that is inhibited, among other factors, by normal cellular levels of ATP. Uncoupling it results in chemical energy from diet and energy stores such as triglycerides being wasted as heat with minimal regulation, leading to dangerously high body temperatures that may develop into heatstroke. Its use as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deoxyribonucleoprotein
Nucleoproteins are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA). Typical nucleoproteins include ribosomes, nucleosomes and viral nucleocapsid proteins. Structures Nucleoproteins tend to be positively charged, facilitating interaction with the negatively charged nucleic acid chains. The tertiary structures and biological functions of many nucleoproteins are understood.Graeme K. Hunter G. K. (2000): Vital Forces. The discovery of the molecular basis of life. Academic Press, London 2000, . Important techniques for determining the structures of nucleoproteins include X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and cryo-electron microscopy. Viruses Virus genomes (either DNA or RNA) are extremely tightly packed into the viral capsid. Many viruses are therefore little more than an organised collection of nucleoproteins with their binding sites pointing inwards. Structurally characterised viral nucleoproteins include influenza, rabies, Ebola, Bunyamwera, Schmall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermal Expansion
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance. When a substance is heated, molecules begin to vibrate and move more, usually creating more distance between themselves. Substances which contract with increasing temperature are unusual, and only occur within limited temperature ranges (see examples below). The relative expansion (also called strain) divided by the change in temperature is called the material's coefficient of linear thermal expansion and generally varies with temperature. As energy in particles increases, they start moving faster and faster weakening the intermolecular forces between them, therefore expanding the substance. Overview Predicting expansion If an equation of state is available, it can be used to predict the values of the thermal ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNP3
Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3) is a set of communications protocols used between components in process automation systems. Its main use is in utilities such as electric and water companies. Usage in other industries is not common. It was developed for communications between various types of data acquisition and control equipment. It plays a crucial role in SCADA systems, where it is used by SCADA Master Stations (a.k.a. Control Centers), Remote Terminal Units (RTUs), and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). It is primarily used for communications between a master station and RTUs or IEDs. ICCP, the Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (a part of IEC 60870-6), is used for inter-master station communications. Competing standards include the older Modbus protocol and the newer IEC 61850 protocol. History While IEC 60870-5 was still under development and had not been standardized, there was a need to create a standard that would allow interoperability be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Do Not Populate
A bill of materials or product structure (sometimes bill of material, BOM or associated list) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product. A BOM may be used for communication between manufacturing partners or confined to a single manufacturing plant. A bill of materials is often tied to a production order whose issuance may generate reservations for components in the bill of materials that are in stock and requisitions for components that are not in stock. There are two types of bill materials. A BOM can define products as they are designed (engineering bill of materials), as they are ordered (sales bill of materials), as they are built ( manufacturing bill of materials), or as they are maintained (service bill of materials). The different types depend on the business need and use for which they are intended. In process industries, the BOM is also known as the form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) results from transferring spin polarization from electrons to nuclei, thereby aligning the nuclear spins to the extent that electron spins are aligned. Note that the alignment of electron spins at a given magnetic field and temperature is described by the Boltzmann distribution under the thermal equilibrium. It is also possible that those electrons are aligned to a higher degree of order by other preparations of electron spin order such as: chemical reactions (leading to Chemical-Induced DNP, CIDNP), optical pumping and spin injection. DNP is considered one of several techniques for hyperpolarization. DNP can also be induced using unpaired electrons produced by radiation damage in solids. When electron spin polarization deviates from its thermal equilibrium value, polarization transfers between electrons and nuclei can occur spontaneously through electron-nuclear cross relaxation and/or spin-state mixing among electrons and nuclei. For example, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German National Party
The German Nationalist Party (german: Deutsche Nationalpartei, DNP, cs, Německá národní strana) was a First Republic political party in Czechoslovakia, representing the German population of Sudetenland. Its chairman and political face was Rudolf Lodgman von Auen. In elections, the DNP worked together with the German National Socialist Workers' Party (DNSAP). Both parties were outlawed in 1933. A faction of the DNP then entered the '' Sudetendeutsche Heimatfront'' of Konrad Henlein. The main party newspaper was the ''Nordböhmisches Tagblatt'' (North Bohemian Daily) published in Děčín.Šebek 2000, 272. See also * Germans in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938) German Bohemians (german: Deutschböhmen und Deutschmährer, i.e. German Bohemians and German Moravians), later known as Sudeten Germans, were ethnic Germans living in the Czech lands of the Bohemian Crown, which later became an integral part ... Footnotes References * Interwar minority parties in Czechosl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cigarette Smuggling
The illicit cigarette trade is defined as “the production, import, export, purchase, sale, or possession of tobacco goods which fail to comply with legislation” (FATF 2012). Illicit cigarette trade activities fall under 3 categories: # Contraband: cigarettes smuggled from abroad without domestic duty paid; # Counterfeit: cigarettes manufactured without authorization of the rightful owners, with intent to deceive consumers and to avoid paying duty; # Illicit whites: brands manufactured legitimately in one country, but smuggled and sold in another without duties being paid. Cigarette smuggling, also informally referred to as "buttlegging," is the illicit transportation of cigarettes or cigars from an administrative division with low taxation to a division with high taxation for sale and consumption. The practice, commonly used by the tobacco industry, organized crime syndicates and rebel groups, is a form of tax evasion. Interstate 95, a highway traversing the East Coast o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Police Corps (Netherlands)
National Police Corps ( nl, Korps Nationale Politie), colloquially in English as Dutch National Police or National Police Force, is divided in ten regional units, a central unit, the police academy, police services center, and national control room cooperation. The law-enforcement purposes of these agencies are the investigation of suspected criminal activity, referral of the results of investigations to the courts, and the temporary detention of suspected criminals pending judicial action. Law enforcement agencies, to varying degrees at different levels of government and in different agencies, are also commonly charged with the responsibilities of deterring criminal activity and preventing the successful commission of crimes in progress. The police commissioner (eerste hoofdcommissaris) in the Netherlands is Henk van Essen since May 1, 2020. Besides police officers, the Netherlands has about 23,500 peace officers. These officers have a Special Enforcement Officer (SEO) status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dai Nippon Printing
, established in 1876, is a Japanese printing company. Dai Nippon operates its printing in three areas: information communications, lifestyle and industrial supplies, and electronics. The company is involved in a wide variety of printing processes, ranging from magazines to shadow masks for the production of displays, as well as out-coupling enhancement structures for LCD displays and scattering for display backlights. They employ more than 35,000 people. Dai Nippon also operates Honto.jp, an online "hybrid" bookstore that sells both print and digital books. DNP Imagingcomm America Corporation DNP Imagingcomm America Corporation (DNP IAM) is a US-based subsidiary of Dai Nippon Printing, segmented into three categories: Photo, Barcode, and Card. Formerly known as DNP IMS America, the subsidiary renamed in June 2014 to DNP Imagingcomm America Corporation. The company's barcode division manufactures thermal transfer ribbon technology, and the company's photo division manufactures dy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Construction Contract
A construction contract is a mutual or legally binding agreement between two parties based on policies and conditions recorded in document form. The two parties involved are one or more property owners and one or more contractors. The owner, often referred to as the 'employer' or the 'client', has full authority to decide what type of contract should be used for a specific development to be constructed and to set out the legally-binding terms and conditions in a contractual agreement. A construction contract is an important document as it outlines the scope of work, risks, duration, duties, deliverables and legal rights of both the contractor and the owner. Types There are three main types of construction contract, identified according to the mechanism for calculating the sum due to be paid by the employer: lump sum contracts, re-measurement contracts and cost-reimbursable contracts. The different types vary primarily with regard to who takes the risks involved, which party has t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deosai National Park
Deosai National Park () is a high-altitude alpine plain (plateau) and National Park located in Astore, Gilgit-Baltistan. Deosai Plains are situated at an average elevation of 4,114 metres (13,497 ft) above sea level and considered as the second highest plateaus in the world. Etymology The name came about from the folk tale immortalised by Mian Muhammad Baksh in his poem, "Saif al-Mulook"; the word 'Deosai' means 'the Shadow of the Giant': the word "Deo" being a contraction of 'Deva', and the word 'Sai' being one of 'Saya' i.e. 'Shadow'.Sai or Sain also an acronym for swami or lord. Balti people call this place 'Ghbiarsa' referring to 'Summer's Place' because it is only accessible in summer. Geography The Deosai National Park is located in western Himalayas in Gilgit Baltistan (GB), Pakistan. It has an average elevation of above sea level, making the Deosai Plains the second highest plateau in the world after Changtang Tibetan Plateau. The park protects an area of . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
