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Diplocaulidae
The Diplocaulidae ("double cauls") is an extinct Family (biology), family of "nectridean" tetrapodomorphs that arose during the Late Carboniferous and died out in the Late Permian. They are distinguished by the presence of strange, horn-like protrusions jutting out from the rear of their skulls; in some genera said protrusions gave their heads an almost boomerang-like outline. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram modified from Germain (2010): References Diplocaulidae Tetrapodomorph families Pennsylvanian first appearances Lopingian extinctions Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope {{Paleo-tetrapodomorph-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peronedon
''Peronedon'' is an extinct genus of nectrideans in the family Diplocaulidae. It is distinguished from other diplocaulids by the absence of a postorbital. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ... modified from Germain (2010): References Diplocaulidae Cisuralian sarcopterygians of North America Taxa named by Everett C. Olson Fossil taxa described in 1970 {{Paleo-tetrapodomorph-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nectridea
Nectridea is an extinct order of lepospondyl tetrapods from the Carboniferous and Permian periods, including animals such as '' Diplocaulus''. In appearance, they would have resembled modern newts or aquatic salamanders, although they are not close relatives of modern amphibians. They were characterized by long, flattened tails to aid in swimming, as well as numerous features of the vertebrae. Description Nectrideans are a diverse group of tetrapods, including the aquatic Urocordylidae, the presumably terrestrial Scincosauridae, and the bizarre horned members of Diplocaulidae (also known as Keraterpetonidae), which includes the "boomerang-headed" ''Diplocaulus'', one of the most famous genera of prehistoric amphibians (in the traditional sense of the word). By the time the earliest known nectrideans appeared in the Late Carboniferous fossil record, they had already diversified into these families, indicating that basal nectrideans are unknown. These different families are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplocaulus Minimus
''Diplocaulus'' (meaning "double stalk") is an extinct genus of lepospondyl amphibians which lived from the Late Carboniferous to the Late Permian of North America and Africa. ''Diplocaulus'' is by far the largest and best-known of the lepospondyls, characterized by a distinctive boomerang-shaped skull. Remains attributed to ''Diplocaulus'' have been found from the Late Permian of Morocco and represent the youngest-known occurrence of a lepospondyl. Description ''Diplocaulus'' had a stocky, salamander-like body, but was relatively large, reaching up to in length. Although a complete tail is unknown for the genus, a nearly complete articulated skeleton described in 1917 preserved a row of tail vertebrae near the head. This was construed as circumstantial evidence for a long, thin tail capable of reaching the head if the animal was curled up. Most studies since this discovery have argued that anguiliform (eel-like) tail movement was the main force of locomotion utilized by ''D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batrachiderpeton
''Batrachiderpeton'' is an extinct genus of nectridean tetrapodomorphs within the family Diplocaulidae; it was a basal member of the family. The type species is ''B. reticulatum'' and was found in a coal field in Northumberland, England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ... at a locality that also yields the remains of '' Anthracosaurus russelli''.Hancock, A. & Athey, T. (1869). On a new labyrinthodont from the Northumberland coal field, and on the occurrence in the same locality of '' Anthracosaurus russelli''. ''Annals and Magazine of Natural History'' 4(4):182-189 A second species is also known: ''B. lineatum''. References Diplocaulidae Pennsylvanian sarcopterygians of Europe Fossil taxa described in 1871 {{Paleo-tetrapodomorph-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diceratosaurus
''Diceratosaurus'' is an extinct genus of nectridean tetrapodomorphs within the family Diplocaulidae. Fossils of ''Diceratosaurus'' were first described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1874. The species ''D. brevirostris'' is well known from Jefferson County, Ohio Jefferson County is a County (United States), county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population was 65,249. Its county seat is Steubenville, Ohio, Steubenville. The county is List of Ohi ..., with approximately 50 specimens having been collected from the Ohio Diamond Coal Mine. The mine was situated in the village of Linton, which became obscure soon after operations were completed and the mine closed in 1921. References Diplocaulidae Pennsylvanian sarcopterygians of North America Fossil taxa described in 1903 {{Paleo-tetrapodomorph-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keraterpeton
''Keraterpeton'' is an extinct genus of "nectridean" tetrapodomorphs, previously included within the monotypic Keraterpedontidae family, from the Carboniferous period of Europe (Czech Republic, England and Ireland)Brownrigg, W. B. (1865). Notes on part of the Leinster Coalfield, with a record of some fossils found therein. ''Dublin Quarterly Journal of Science'' 6, 195–196.Google Scholar and North America (United States); it is the oldest known member of the family Diplocaulidae. Discovery and naming The type species is ''Keraterpeton galvani'', named in 1866 as ''Ceraterpeton'' by Robert Etheridge and later amended to ''Keraterpeton'' in 1868 by Thomas Henry Huxley and Edward Percival Wright; three years earlier (in November 1865), they were authorised by William Bookey Brownrigg to describe some fossil vertebrates in his collection, and among them was NHMING F 14735, the holotype of ''Keraterpeton galvani'', which was discovered in the Jarrow Colliery in County Kilkenny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urocordylidae
The Urocordylidae are an extinct family (biology), family of nectridean lepospondyl amphibians. Urocordylids lived during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian in what is now Europe and North America and are characterized by their very long, paddle-like tails. In life, they were probably newt-like and aquatic. Fossils have been found from Ireland, France, and the eastern United States. The family was named by English naturalist Richard Lydekker in 1889 and includes the well-known genera ''Urocordylus'' and ''Sauropleura'', as well as several others based on less-complete material. The family Urocordylidae is divided into two subfamilies, the Urocordylinae and the Sauropleurinae. The two groups are distinguished by the shapes of their skulls; urocordylines have short, blunt skulls, and sauropleurines have longer, pointed skulls. Description Urocordylids are distinguished by their elongated tails. Each tail vertebra has an upper crest of bone called a neural arch and a lower cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diploceraspis
''Diploceraspis'' is a genus of diplocaulid nectrideans. It lived in North America during the Permian period. It closely resembles its relative, '' Diplocaulus''. It generally sports the same features as ''Diplocaulus'', though it was smaller, measuring over 46 cm. Beerbower originally recognised two species, ''D. burkei'' and ''D. conemaughensis'', but they are no longer regarded as being distinct from one another as their size ranges were found to overlap. Other species include ''D. meritae'' from Nebraska and an indeterminate species from Oklahoma. '' Diplocaulus minimus'' of Late Permian Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ... may be of this genus. References Diplocaulidae Cisuralian sarcopterygians of North America Fossil taxa described in 196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urocordylus
''Urocordylus'' (from Greek: οὐρά oura, 'tail' and Greek: κορδῡ́λη kordū́lē, 'club') is an extinct genus of nectridean tetrapodomorphs. It is the type genus of the family Urocordylidae. Fossils have been found from Ireland that date back to the Westphalian stage of the late Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a Geologic time scale, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era that spans 60 million years, from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the .... It had total length of about , but the skull was only about long. References Urocordylidae Pennsylvanian sarcopterygians of Europe Fossils of Ireland {{Paleo-tetrapodomorph-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
