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David Tuviyahu
David Tuviyahu (; 20 November 1898 – 1975) was an Israeli politician and trade unionist who served as the first mayor of the city of Beersheba after the establishment of the State of Israel. Biography Tuviyahu was born in 1898 in Galicia (Eastern Europe), Galicia, then part of the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian empire. He Aliyah, immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1920, during the chiefly Eastern European Third Aliyah. There he worked in construction in the north of the country, including on the road between Afula and Nazareth, and was a member of Geva, Kibbutz Geva in the Jezreel Valley for seven years. At various times, Tuviyahu worked as a foreman and as a manager for Solel Boneh, a construction company owned by the Histadrut trade union. By 1931 he was working on the construction site of the Palestine Electric Corporation's Naharayim Power Plant, Naharayim power plant. Tuviyahu was active in Mapai and the Histadrut, both powerful organisations associated with David B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beersheba
Beersheba ( / ; ), officially Be'er-Sheva, is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel. Often referred to as the "Capital of the Negev", it is the centre of the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in Israel, the eighth-most populous Israeli city with a population of , and the second-largest city in area (after Jerusalem), with a total area of 117,500 dunams (45 mi2 / 117.5 km2). Human habitation near present-day Beersheba dates back to the fourth millennium BC. In the Bible, Beersheba marks the southern boundary of ancient Israel, as mentioned in the phrase " From Dan to Beersheba." Initially assigned to the Tribe of Judah, Beersheba was later reassigned to Simeon. During the monarchic era, it functioned as a royal city but eventually faced destruction at the hands of the Assyrians. The Biblical site of Beersheba is Tel Be'er Sheva, lying some 2.5 miles (4km) distant from the modern city, which was established at the start of the 20th century by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Histadrut
Histadrut, fully the New General Workers' Federation () and until 1994 the General Federation of Labour in the Land of Israel (, ''HaHistadrut HaKlalit shel HaOvdim B'Eretz Yisrael''), is Israel's national trade union center and represents the majority of Israel's trade unionists. Established in December 1920 in Mandatory Palestine, it soon became one of the most powerful institutions in the Yishuv (the body of Jewish residents in the region prior to the establishment of the state). Today, it has 800,000 members. History The Histadrut was founded in December 1920 in Haifa to look out for the interests of Jewish workers. Until 1920, Ahdut HaAvoda and Hapoel Hatzair had been unable to set up a unified workers organisation. In 1920, Third Aliyah immigrants founded Gdud HaAvoda and demanded a unified organization for all Jewish workers, which led to the establishment of the Histadrut.Z. Tzahor, "The Histadrut", in ''Essential papers on Zionism'', 1996, Reinharz & Shapira (eds.) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negev
The Negev ( ; ) or Naqab (), is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The region's largest city and administrative capital is Beersheba (pop. ), in the north. At its southern end is the Gulf of Aqaba and the resort town, resort city and port of Eilat. It contains several development towns, including Dimona, Arad, Israel, Arad, and Mitzpe Ramon, as well as a number of small Negev Bedouin, Bedouin towns, including Rahat, Tel Sheva, and Lakiya. There are also several kibbutzim, including Revivim and Sde Boker; the latter became the home of Israel's first Prime Minister of Israel, prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, after his retirement from politics. Although historically part of a separate region (known during the Roman Empire, Roman period as Arabia Petraea), the Negev was added to the proposed area of Mandatory Palestine, of which large parts later became Israel, on 10 July 1922, having been conceded by British representative St John Philby "in Emirate of Transjordan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipality (Israel)
The local governments of Israel (; also known as local authorities), are the set of bodies charged with providing services such as urban planning, zoning, and the provision of drinking water and emergency services, as well as education and culture, as per guidelines of the Interior Ministry for communities of all sizes in the country. Almost all local governments take one of three forms: city councils, which governs a large municipality, local councils, which governs a small municipality, and regional councils, which governs a group of communities, often but not necessarily of a rural nature. All Israeli local governments are operated under a strong Mayor–council system. They appoint a head, or mayor, who is selected through a process of democratic elections along with their fellow council members. If a council's operation is impeded by a severe financial crisis, the Interior Minister may dissolve it, fire the council head, and appoint a special commission to operate the coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1949 Armistice Agreements
The 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt,Armistice Agreement between Egypt and Israel UN Doc S/1264/Corr.1 23 February 1949 ,Armistice Agreement between Lebanon and Israel UN Doc S/1296 23 March 1949 , [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Beersheba (1948)
The Battle of Beersheba, codenamed Operation Moses (, ''Mivtza Moshe''), was an Israeli offensive on Beersheba on October 21, 1948. It was part of Operation Yoav and was conducted at the end of the operation. It was made possible following the opening of a land corridor from the Negev desert to the rest of Israel in the Battles of the Separation Corridor. The capture had both military and political significance. It helped sever the supply route of the Egyptian expeditionary force's eastern wing, and strengthened Israel's claim to the Negev desert. The attack started at 04:00 on October 21, and involved the Negev Brigade and the 89th Battalion of the 8th Brigade. It ended at 09:15, when the Egyptians surrendered the town's police station. Background The modern Beersheba was founded in the late 19th century, as part of a policy by Abdul Hamid II to build and expand population centers in the desert regions of the Ottoman Empire (others included Jerash, Amman and Aqaba). The town' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. The civil war became a war of separate states with the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948, the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight, and the entry of a Arab League, military coalition of Arab states into the territory of Mandatory Palestine the following morning. The war formally ended with the 1949 Armistice Agreements which established the Green Line (Israel), Green Line. Since the 1917 Balfour Declaration and the 1920 creation of the British Mandate of Palestine, and in the context of Zionism and the Aliyah, mass migration of European Jews to Palestine, there had been Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine, tension and conflict between Arabs, Jews, and the British in Palestine. The conflict escalated into a civil war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Towns And Villages Depopulated During The 1947–1949 Palestine War
:Depopulated Palestinian locations in Israel, Clickable map of the depopulated locations During the 1947–1949 Palestine war, or the Nakba, around 400 Palestinians, Palestinian Arab towns and villages were forced displacement, forcibly depopulated, with a majority being destroyed and left uninhabitable. Today these locations are all in Israel; many of the locations were repopulated by aliyah, Jewish immigrants, with their Hebraization of Palestinian place names, place names replaced with Hebrew place names. Arabs remained in small numbers in some of the cities (Haifa, Jaffa and Acre, Israel, Acre); and Jerusalem was divided between Jordan and Israel. Around 30,000 Palestinians remained in Jerusalem in what became the Arab part of it (East Jerusalem). In addition, some 30,000 non-Jewish refugees relocated to East Jerusalem, while 5,000 Jewish refugees moved from the Old City of Jerusalem, Old City to West Jerusalem on the Israeli side. An overwhelming number of the Arab resid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11 Points In The Negev
11 points in the Negev ( or , ''Achat-Esre HaNekudot'') refers to a Jewish Agency plan to establish eleven settlements in the Negev in 1946 prior to the partition of Palestine and the establishment of the State of Israel. History A plan to establish eleven "points" of Jewish settlement in the Negev was devised to assure a Jewish presence in the area prior to the partition of Palestine. That followed the publication of the Morrison-Grady Plan, a partition proposal in which the Negev was to be part of an Arab state. Boeliem Together, the Jewish National Fund, the Jewish Agency, the Haganah and the Mekorot water company launched a drive to settle the Negev and hopefully to have the Negev included as part of a Jewish state. Chief engineer of the Mekorot Simcha Blass, who later became known as the inventor of the drip irrigation system, designed a water pipeline to the northern Negev. On the night of October 5–6, 1946, after the Yom Kippur fast, the settlers, including memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Lookouts
The three lookouts (, ''Shloshet HaMitzpim'', also ''Mitzpot'') were three Jewish settlements built in the Negev desert in 1943 on land owned by the Jewish National Fund. The goal was securing the land and assessing its feasibility for agriculture. The founding was preceded by a complex land purchase procedure, as the British authorities had practically prohibited Jewish land acquisition in the area following the costly 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, Arab Revolt and the subsequent White Paper of 1939. These lookouts, Revivim, Gvulot, and Beit Eshel, later served as a springboard for further Jewish population of the Negev. The residents of the lookouts made extensive geophysical surveys and conducted agricultural experiments for this purpose. History Historical background and early proposals The British White Paper of 1939 and the 1940 Land Transfer Regulations placed a number of restrictions on Jewish settlement and land purchase in the Mandatory Palestine, Mandate for P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israeli Declaration Of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708), at the end of the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, civil war phase and beginning of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, international phase of the 1948 Palestine war, by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Israel#Formation of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, Jewish Agency for Palestine. It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine (region), Palestine (or the Land of Israel in the Jewish tradition), to be known as the Israel, State of Israel, which would come into effect on End of the British Mandate for Palestine, termination of the Mandate for Palestine, British Mandate at midnight that day. The event is celebrated annually in Israel as Independence Day (Israel), Independence Day, a National day, national holiday on 5 Iyar of e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Zionism
Labor Zionism () or socialist Zionism () is the left-wing, socialist variant of Zionism. For many years, it was the most significant tendency among Zionists and Zionist organizations, and was seen as the Zionist faction of the historic Jewish labour movements of Eastern Europe and Central Europe. Labor Zionism eventually developing local movements in most countries with sizable Jewish populations. Unlike the "political Zionist" tendency founded by Theodor Herzl and advocated by Chaim Weizmann, Labor Zionists did not believe that a Jewish state would be created by simply appealing to the international community or to powerful nations such as the United Kingdom, Germany, or the former Ottoman Empire. Rather, they believed that a Jewish state could only be created through the efforts of the Jewish working class making ''aliyah'' to the Land of Israel and raising a country through the creation of a Labor Jewish society with rural ''kibbutzim'' and ''moshavim'', and an urban Jew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
