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Daohugouthallaceae
''Daohugouthallus'' is a monotypic genus of lichen, known from fossils found in the Jurassic Haifanggou Formation near Daohugou village, Ningcheng County, China. The genus contains a single species, ''D. ciliiferus''. Although ''Daohugouthallus'' shows some relationships to the family Parmeliaceae, it is distinct enough for scientists to suggest its classification into its own family, Daohugouthallaceae. Dated at approximately 165 million years ago, this macrolichen is thought to be the earliest fossil example of an epiphytic macrolichen, indicating it likely grew on gymnosperm plants. Discovery Five specimens of ''Daohugouthallus ciliiferus'' have been found so far. These were collected from the fossiliferous beds of the Jurassic Haifanggou Formation in China (Callovian–Oxfordian boundary interval, Middle Jurassic), a formation which has been dated at between 168 and 152 Ma based on isotopic analyses. More specifically, the site of discovery can be found about 80&nbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daohugouthallus Ciliiferus With Gymnosperm Branch Fossil Sketch Diagram
''Daohugouthallus'' is a monotypic genus of lichen, known from fossils found in the Jurassic Haifanggou Formation near Daohugou village, Ningcheng County, China. The genus contains a single species, ''D. ciliiferus''. Although ''Daohugouthallus'' shows some relationships to the family Parmeliaceae, it is distinct enough for scientists to suggest its classification into its own family, Daohugouthallaceae. Dated at approximately 165 million years ago, this macrolichen is thought to be the earliest fossil example of an epiphytic macrolichen, indicating it likely grew on gymnosperm plants. Discovery Five specimens of ''Daohugouthallus ciliiferus'' have been found so far. These were collected from the fossiliferous beds of the Jurassic Haifanggou Formation in China (Callovian–Oxfordian boundary interval, Middle Jurassic), a formation which has been dated at between 168 and 152 Ma based on isotopic analyses. More specifically, the site of discovery can be found about 80&nb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 In Paleontology
Flora Plants Fungi Newly named fungi Mycological research * A study on the anatomy of specimens of ''Prototaxites'' from the Heider quarry in Germany and the Bordeaux quarry in Canada is published by Vajda ''et al.'' (2022), who interpret specimens of ''Prototaxites'' as fungi and as rhizomorphs. * Yang ''et al.'' (2022) describe new fossil material of '' Daohugouthallus ciliiferus'' from the Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation ( China), providing evidence that this macrolichen inhabited a gymnosperm branch, and name a new family Daohugouthallaceae placed within the class Lecanoromycetes. "Algae" Floral research * Sforna ''et al.'' (2022) report the discovery of bound nickel-tetrapyrrole moieties preserved within cells of a ~1-billion-years-old eukaryote '' Arctacellularia tetragonala'' from the BII Group of the Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup (Democratic Republic of the Congo), identify the tetrapyrrole moieties as chlorophyll derivatives, and interpret ''A. tetragonala'' as one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, '' Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda.' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ithonidae
Ithonidae, commonly called moth lacewings and giant lacewings, is a small family of winged insects of the insect order Neuroptera. The family contains a total of ten living genera, and over a dozen extinct genera described from fossils. The modern Ithonids have a notably disjunct distribution, while the extinct genera had a more global range. The family is considered one of the most primitive living neuropteran families. The family has been expanded twice, first to include the genus ''Rapisma'', formerly placed in the monotypic family Rapismatidae, and then in 2010 to include the genera that had been placed into the family Polystoechotidae. Both Rapismatidae and Polystoechotidae have been shown to nest into Ithonidae ''sensu lato''. The larvae of ithonids are grub-like, subterranean and likely phytophagous (plant feeding). Description and ecology Ithonidae are typically medium to large-sized neuropterans. P. S. Welch conducted research in 1914 on "Polystoechotidae" larvae r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimesis (biology)
In biology, mimesis (from ancient Greek μίμησις ''mímēsis'', "imitation") refers to a form of crypsis where living creatures mimic the form, colour and posture of their surroundings to avoid being noticed from their surroundings by predators depending on sight. Mimesis is a form of crypsis and thus differs from mimicry, which is a form of aposematism.Schaefer, Matthias: ''Wörterbuch der Ökologie'', volume 4, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin 2005. {{ISBN, 3-8274-0167-4. In English mimesis is often counted as a form of mimicry. Mimesis can be divided by the type of objects being mimicked: * ''Zoomimesis'' refers to mimicry of different animals. Contrary to mimicry, in zoomimesis the model animal is neither poisonous or capable of putting up a fight. Examples include various visitor species of ants (myrmecophily), resembling the ants in whose nests they live. * ''Phytomimesis'' refers to mimicry of plants or parts of plants. Some geometer moths resemble thin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Mimesis In Mid-Mesozoic Lacewings
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not plants. They may have tiny, leafless branches ( fruticose); flat leaf-like structures ( foliose); grow crust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incertae Sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is indicated by ' (of uncertain family), ' (of uncertain suborder), ' (of uncertain order) and similar terms. Examples *The fossil plant '' Paradinandra suecica'' could not be assigned to any family, but was placed ''incertae sedis'' within the order Ericales when described in 2001. * The fossil '' Gluteus minimus'', described in 1975, could not be assigned to any known animal phylum. The genus is therefore ''incertae sedis'' within the kingdom Animalia. * While it was unclear to which order the New World vultures (family Cathartidae) should be assigned, they were placed in Aves ''incertae sedis''. It was later agreed to place them in a separate order, Cathartiformes. * Bocage's longbill, ''Motacilla boc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized fungi. It belongs to the subphylum Pezizomycotina in the phylum Ascomycota. The asci (spore-bearing cells) of the Lecanoromycetes most often release spores by rostrate dehiscence. Genera of uncertain placement The are several genera in the Lecanoromycetes that have not been placed into any order or family. These are: *''Argopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Ascographa'' - 1 sp. *'' Bartlettiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Bouvetiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Buelliastrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Haploloma'' – 1 sp. *'' Hosseusia'' – 3 spp. *'' Korfiomyces'' – 1 sp. *''Maronella'' – 1 sp. *'' Notolecidea'' – 1 sp. *'' Petractis'' – 3 spp. *'' Piccolia'' – 10 spp. *'' Ravenelula'' – 2 spp. *'' Robincola'' – 1 sp. *''Roburnia ''Roburnia'' is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order (biology), order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Icmadophilaceae
The Icmadophilaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Pertusariales The Pertusariales are an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It contains the following families: Agyriaceae, Coccotremataceae, Icmadophilaceae, Megasporaceae, Microcaliciaceae, Ochrolechiaceae, Pertusariaceae, Varicellariaceae, and .... The family was circumscribed in 1993, and contains 8 genera and 27 species. References Pertusariales Lichen families Lecanoromycetes families Taxa described in 1993 {{Pertusariales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus, fungi species in a mutualism (biology), mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not plants. They may have tiny, leafless branches (fruticose); flat leaf-like structures (foliose); grow crust-like, adhering tightly to a surface (substrate) like a thick coat of paint (crustose); have a powder-like appearance (Leprose lichen, leprose); or other growth forms. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
