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Danishmendji
Dānishmandchī ( Chagatai and Persian: دانشمندچی; died 1348) was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1346 to 1348. He was the second Khan of the Western Chagatai ''ulus'' to be descended from Ögedei, the third son of Genghis Khan. In 1346 he was raised to the Khanship by Amir Qazaghan, who was the leader of the Qara'unas and who recently had taken effective control of the ''ulus''. Two years later Qazaghan had him executed and replaced him with Bayan Quli, who was a member of the house of Chagatai Khan Chagatai Khan (; – 1242) was a son of Genghis Khan and a prominent figure in the early Mongol Empire. The second son of Genghis's wife Börte, Chagatai was renowned for his masterful knowledge of Mongol custom and law, which he scrupulously .... References 1348 deaths Chagatai khans 14th-century monarchs in Asia Year of birth unknown {{Mongol-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chagatai Khanate
The Chagatai Khanate, also known as the Chagatai Ulus, was a Mongol and later Turkification, Turkicized khanate that comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, and his descendants and successors. At its height in the late 13th century the khanate extended from the Amu Darya south of the Aral Sea to the Altai Mountains in the border of modern-day Mongolia and China, roughly corresponding to the area once ruled by the Qara Khitai (Western Liao dynasty). Initially, the rulers of the Chagatai Khanate recognized the supremacy of the Great Khan, but by the reign of Kublai Khan, Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq no longer obeyed the emperor's orders. From 1363, the Chagatais progressively lost Transoxiana to the Timurids. The reduced realm came to be known as Moghulistan, which lasted until the late 15th century, when it broke off into the Yarkent Khanate and Turpan Khanate. In 1680, the remaining Chagatai domains lost their independence to the Dzungar Khanate. Finally, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyurgatmish
Soyurghatmïsh Khan (died 1388) was the khan of the Western Chagatai Khanate (1370–1388). He was the son of Danishmendji, of the House of Ögedei. When Timur gained control of the territory of the Western Chagatai Khanate in the 1370s, he did not abolish the office of Khan. Instead, in order to legitimatize his authority, he placed on the throne Soyurgatmish, who was not a member of the house of Chagatai Khan, but from the House of Ögedei. Timur ruled as an amir in Soyurgatmish's name. The Khan, however, was only a ceremonial figure, and Timur held all of the power within the state. Upon Soyurgatmish's death in 1388, he was replaced by his son Sultan Mahmud. His daughter Urun Sultan Khanika was married to Timur's son Miran Shah Mirza Jalal-ud-din Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 20 April 1408), commonly known as Miran Shah (), was a son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire. During his father's reign, Miran Shah was initially a powerful regio . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amir Qazaghan
Qazaghan (died 1358) was the amir of the Qara'unas (1345 at the latest – 1358) and the effective ruler of the Chagatai Khanate, Chagatai ''ulus'' (1346–1358). The following opinions were expressed about the ethnic origin of the Qazaghan: 1) Vasily Bartold wrote that Qazaghan was very likely from the Kauchin tribe; he believed that the Kauchins were a Turkic peoples, Turkisized Mongol tribe; 2) In his other early work, Bartold called Qazaghan a Oghuz Turks, Turkic emir. Qazaghan's lineage is mostly unknown; it is possible that he became head of the Qara'unas through appointment instead of inheritanceManz, p. 160 In 1345 he rebelled against his sovereign, the Chagatai Khans, Chagatai Khan Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur, Qazan, but was defeated. The following year he tried again and succeeded in killing the khan. Qazan's death signified the end of the effective power of the Chagatai khans within the ''ulus''; subsequent khans were rulers in name only. Qazaghan, in the interest of maintaini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaidu
Kaidu (; Middle Mongol: , Modern Mongol: , ''Khaidu'' ; c. 1235 – 1301) was a grandson of the Mongol khagan Ögedei (1185–1241) and thus leader of the House of Ögedei and the '' de facto'' khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a division of the Mongol Empire. He ruled parts of modern-day Xinjiang and Central Asia during the 13th century, and actively opposed his cousin, Kublai, who established the Yuan dynasty. Medieval chroniclers often mistranslated Kadan as Kaidu, mistakenly placing Kaidu at the Battle of Legnica. Kadan was the brother of Güyük, and Kaidu's uncle. Chambers, James. ''The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe''. Atheneum. New York. 1979. Early life Kaidu was born in c. 1235 during the reign of his grandfather, the Great Khan Ögedei. Kaidu was the posthumous son of the Mongol Prince Kashin, who was himself the 4th son of Ögedei and his chief consort, the Great Khatun Töregene, and thus a vital part of the House of Ögedei even in his earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1348 Deaths
Year 1348 ( MCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1348th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 348th year of the 2nd millennium, the 48th year of the 14th century, and the 9th and pre-final year of the 1340s decade. Events January–December * January – Gonville Hall, the forerunner of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, England, is founded. * January 25 – The 6.9-magnitude 1348 Friuli earthquake centered in Northern Italy is felt across Europe. Contemporary minds link the quake with the Black Death, fueling fears that the Biblical Apocalypse has arrived. * February 2 – Battle of Strėva: the Teutonic Order secure a victory over the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Sources tell of a blow to Lithuanian leadership, one that the Teutonic Order could not fully make use of due to the Black Death. * April 7 – Charles University in Prague, founded the previous year by papal bull, is gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chagatai Khan
Chagatai Khan (; – 1242) was a son of Genghis Khan and a prominent figure in the early Mongol Empire. The second son of Genghis's wife Börte, Chagatai was renowned for his masterful knowledge of Mongol custom and law, which he scrupulously obeyed, and his harsh temperament. Because Genghis felt that he was too inflexible in character, most notably never accepting the legitimacy of his elder brother Jochi, he excluded Chagatai from succession to the Mongol throne. He was nevertheless a key figure in ensuring the stability of the empire after Genghis's death and during the reign of his younger brother Ögedei Khan. Chagatai held military commands alongside his brothers during the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty in 1211 and the invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire in 1219. During the latter, he was appointed to a key role in organising logistics in addition to battlefield responsibilities, but was censured after feuding with Jochi during the Siege of Gurganj. After the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayan Quli
Bayan may refer to: Educational institutions * Bayan Islamic Graduate School, Chicago, IL Places *Bayan-Aul, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan *Bayan Mountain, an ancient mountain name for part of Tarbagatai Mountains at Kazakhstan in Qing Dynasty period *Bayan Lepas, place in Penang, Malaysia which also houses Penang airport *Bayan Baru, a place in Penang, Malaysia ( next to Bayan Lepas ) * Bayan, Dashkasan, Azerbaijan * Bayan, Oghuz, Azerbaijan * Bayan County, in Harbin city, Heilongjiang Province, China * ''Bayan'' or ''Piyan'', an old name for Khorramshahr, Iran * Bayan, Fars, a village in Fars Province, Iran * Bayan, Hamadan, a village in Hamadan Province, Iran * Bayan area an area within the Hawalli governorate of Kuwait * Bayan (political entity), the historic term for a Country or Polity in early Philippine history; used today to describe a municipality, or to denote one's homeland or country. * Bayan, Sistan and Baluchestan, a village in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qara'unas
The Qara'unas or Negüderi were the Mongols who settled in Afghanistan after moving from Turkestan and Mongolia. Foundation The word Qarauna derived from the Turkic word ''Qara'' meaning black in Mongolian. At first they were subjects of the Great Khan and served as ''tamnas'' or ''tamachis'' in Afghanistan. The Great Khan appointed their leaders from non- Chingisid generals such as Dayir and Mungudei. In 1238, they settled near India to face the military forces of the Delhi Sultanate. In the 1250s their leader was Sali Noyan who was of Tatar origin. Möngke Khan ordered Sali Noyan and his tamna soldiers to join Hulegu's army in 1253. In 1260, Jochid Baval, the father of Nogai Khan, was executed on the orders of Hulegu Khan after gaining permission from Berke who was the khan of the Golden Horde. Soon after that, Kuli and Tutar, also Golden Horde princes, died under suspicious circumstances. Golden Horde soldiers who served Hulgeu feared for their lives and began to mov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan (title), khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongols, Mongol tribes, he launched Mongol invasions and conquests, a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of Mongol conquest of China, China and Mongol invasion of Central Asia, Central Asia. Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name Temüjin, he was the eldest child of Yesugei, a Mongol chieftain of the Borjigin, Borjigin clan, and his wife Hö'elün. When Temüjin was eight, his father died and his family was abandoned by its tribe. Reduced to near-poverty, Temüjin killed Behter, his older half-brother to secure his familial position. His charismatic personality helped to attract his first followers and to form alliances with two prominent Eurasian Steppe, steppe leaders named Jamukha and Toghrul; they worked together to retrieve Temüjin's newlywed wife Börte, who had b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qazan Khan Ibn Yasaur
Qazan (died 1346) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from until his death. Biography Qazan was the son of Yasa'ur, a Chagatayid prince who had revolted in the 1310s. Upon his accession to the throne, he attempted to increase his power within the ''ulus''. These measures provoked the anger of the nobility, who threw their support behind the Qara'unas Amir Qazaghan. The two went to war in 1345; Qazan defeated Qazaghan in a battle north of the Iron Gates. Defeated and wounded, Qazaghan withdrew, but rather than giving pursuit Qazan decided to spend the winter at his palace at Qarshi, allowing Qazaghan to rebuild his forces. The next year Qazaghan again fought Qazan's army and this time defeated it; Qazan was killed during the battle. Qazan's death marked the end of the effective power of the house of Chagatai within Transoxiana Transoxiana or Transoxania (, now called the Amu Darya) is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
