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DOPF
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(3-fluoropropyl)amphetamine (DOPF) is a designer drug from the amphetamine and DOx families. It was first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin and David Nichols in 1989 but was never published at the time, and was finally disclosed in Daniel Trachsel's review of the field in 2013. It has a binding affinity (Ki) of 9 nM at the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A but is not known to have been tested in humans. See also * DOBU * DOEF * DOPR * DOTFM * 2C-TFE * 2C-T-21 2C-T-21, also known as 4-(2-fluoroethylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family sometimes used as an entheogen. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. Dosage In his book '' PiHKAL (Phenethyla ... * 2C-T-28 References Designer drugs DOx (psychedelics) Methoxy compounds Organofluorides Psychedelic phenethylamines Serotonin receptor agonists {{Psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOx (psychedelics)
4-Substituted-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines (DO''x'') is a chemical class of substituted amphetamine derivatives featuring methoxy groups at the 2- and 5- positions of the phenyl ring, and a substituent such as alkyl or halogen at the 4- position of the phenyl ring. They are 4-substituted derivatives of 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA, DOH) and are structurally related to the naturally occurring phenethylamine psychedelic mescaline. The most well-known DOx drugs are DOM, DOI, DOB, DOET, and DOC. DOI is widely used in scientific research. DOM has been used as a recreational drug, while DOET was an experimental pharmaceutical drug. Most compounds of this class are potent and long-lasting psychedelic drugs, and act as selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptor agonists. A few bulkier derivatives such as DOAM have similarly high affinity for 5-HT2 receptors but have reduced activational efficacy and do not produce psychedelic effects. DOI has been found to have ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOEF
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(2-fluoroethyl)amphetamine (DOEF) is a lesser-known psychedelic drug and member of the DOx family. DOEF was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book ''PiHKAL ''PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is Psychoactive drug, psychoactive phenethylamine Derivative (chemistry), chemical derivatives, notably those that act ...'', the dosage range is listed as 2 to 3.5mg, and the duration is listed as 12 to 16hours. Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of DOEF. See also * DOET * DOPF * DOTFM References External links DOEF - Isomer DesignDOEF - PiHKAL - ErowidDOEF - PiHKAL - Isomer DesignDOEF: Here’s What Little We Know - Tripsitter DOx (psychedelics) Fluoroethyl compounds Psychedelic phenethylamines {{Psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOPR
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine (DOPR) is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, and was described in his book ''PiHKAL'' (''Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved''). Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of DOPR. Use and effects According to Alexander Shulgin in ''PiHKAL'', the dosage of DOPR is 2.5 to 5mg and its duration is 20 to 30hours. He described DOPR as a "heavy duty psychedelic", complete with alterations of the thought process and visual distortion. Pharmacology Pharmacodynamics DOPR acts as an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2 receptors, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors. It has very weak affinity for the serotonin 5-HT1 receptor. It produces the head-twitch response (HTR), a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents. As with many other psychedelics, DOPR shows an inverted U-shaped dose– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-T-28
2C-T-28, also known as 4-(3-fluoropropylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a lesser-known psychedelic drug related to compounds such as 2C-T-7 and 2C-T-21. It was named by Alexander Shulgin but was never made or tested by him, and was instead first synthesised by Daniel Trachsel some years later. It has a binding affinity of 75 nM at 5-HT2A and 28 nM at 5-HT2C. It is reportedly a potent psychedelic drug with an active dose in the 8–20 mg range, and a duration of action of 8–10 hours, with prominent visual effects. 2C-T-28 is the 3-fluoropropyl instead of 2-fluoroethyl chain-lengthened homologue of 2C-T-21 and has very similar properties, although unlike 2C-T-21 it will not form toxic fluoroacetate as a metabolite. See also * 2C-T-16 * 2C-TFE * 3C-DFE * DOPF * Trifluoromescaline * 2C-x * DOx * 25-NB The 25-NB (25''x''-NB''x'') series, or NBOMe series, also known as the ''N''-benzylphenethylamines, is a family of serotonergic psychedelics. They are su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organofluorides
Organofluorine chemistry describes the chemistry of organofluorine compounds, organic compounds that contain a carbon–fluorine bond. Organofluorine compounds find diverse applications ranging from oil and water repellents to pharmaceuticals, refrigerants, and reagents in catalysis. In addition to these applications, some organofluorine compounds are pollutants because of their contributions to ozone depletion, global warming, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The area of organofluorine chemistry often requires special techniques associated with the handling of fluorinating agents. The carbon–fluorine bond Fluorine has several distinctive differences from all other substituents encountered in organic molecules. As a result, the physical and chemical properties of organofluorines can be distinctive in comparison to other organohalogens. # The carbon–fluorine bond is one of the strongest in organic chemistry (an average bond energy around 480 kJ/mol). This is significa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methoxy Compounds
In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula . On a benzene ring, the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the ''para'' position as an electron-donating group, but as an electron-withdrawing group if at the ''meta'' position. At the ''ortho'' position, steric effects are likely to cause a significant alteration in the Hammett equation prediction, which otherwise follows the same trend as that of the ''para'' position. Occurrence The simplest of methoxy compounds are methanol and dimethyl ether. Other methoxy ethers include anisole and vanillin. Many metal alkoxides contain methoxy groups, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate and titanium methoxide. Esters with a methoxy group can be referred to as methyl esters, and the —COOCH3 substituent is called a methoxycarbonyl. Biosynthesis In nature, methoxy groups are found on nucleosides subjected to 2′-''O''-methyla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Designer Drugs
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. Designer drugs include psychoactive substances that have been designated by the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, as new psychoactive substances (NPS) as well as analogs of performance-enhancing drugs such as designer steroids. Some of these designer drugs were originally synthesized by academic or industrial researchers in an effort to discover more potent derivatives with fewer side effects and shorter duration (and possibly also because it is easier to apply for patents for new molecules) and were later co-opted for recreational use. Other designer drugs were prepared for the first time in clandestine laboratories. Because the efficacy and safety of these substances have not been thoroughly evaluated in animal and human tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-T-21
2C-T-21, also known as 4-(2-fluoroethylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family sometimes used as an entheogen. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. Dosage In his book '' PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved)'', Shulgin lists the dosage range as 8 to 12mg. Effects 2C-T-21 is generally taken orally and effects typically last 7 to 10hours. The potential psychotherapeutic applications of this chemical were explored by Myron Stolaroff. Pharmacology 2C-T-21 shows high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (Ki = 27nM). It produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic-like effects, in rodents. The mechanism that produces 2C-T-21's hallucinogenic and entheogenic effects has not been established; however, it may result from serotonin 5-HT2A receptor activation in the brain, a mechanism of action shared by all of the hallucinogenic tryptamines and phenethylamines for which the mechanism of actio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-TFE
2C-TFE is a lesser-known psychedelic drug related to compounds such as 2C-E and 2C-TFM. It was first synthesised by Daniel Trachsel, and is reportedly a potent psychedelic with an active dose in the 5–15 mg range, and a long duration of action of 12–24 hours. See also * 2C-EF 2C-EF is a lesser-known psychedelic drug. It was originally named by Alexander Shulgin as described in his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), but he never synthesised it himself, though it has been synthesised and its activity ... * 2C-T-TFM * 3C-DFE * Trifluoromescaline References 2C (psychedelics) Entheogens Methoxy compounds {{psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOTFM
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-trifluoromethylamphetamine (DOTFM) is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx (where 'x' indicates a 4-substitution on the phenyl group of 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine) families. It was first synthesized in 1994 by a team at Purdue University led by David E. Nichols. DOTFM is the α-methylated analogue of 2C-TFM. It is the most potent DOx psychedelic. Dosage and effects According to Daniel Trachsel, DOTFM is active as a psychedelic in humans at doses of 0.3 to 1mg (300–1,000μg) and its duration is not listed. It is the most potent psychedelic of the DOx family, followed by DOB (dose range 1–3mg). Pharmacology DOTFM acts as an agonist at the serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. In drug discrimination tests in rats, DOTFM fully substituted for LSD and was slightly more potent than DOI. In addition, (''R'')-DOTFM robustly induces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents, with equivalent pote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Designer Drug
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. Designer drugs include psychoactive substances that have been designated by the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, as new psychoactive substances (NPS) as well as analogs of performance-enhancing drugs such as designer steroids. Some of these designer drugs were originally synthesized by academic or industrial researchers in an effort to discover more potent derivatives with fewer side effects and shorter duration (and possibly also because it is easier to apply for patents for new molecules) and were later co-opted for recreational use. Other designer drugs were prepared for the first time in clandestine laboratories. Because the efficacy and safety of these substances have not been thoroughly evaluated in animal and human tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Amphetamine
Substituted amphetamines, or simply amphetamines, are a chemical class, class of compounds based upon the amphetamine structure; it includes all derivative (chemistry), derivative compounds which are formed by replacing, or substitution reaction, substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the amphetamine core structure with substituents. The compounds in this class span a variety of pharmacological subclasses, including stimulants, Empathogen-entactogen, empathogens, and hallucinogens, among others. Examples of substituted amphetamines are amphetamine (itself), methamphetamine, ephedrine, cathinone, phentermine, mephentermine, tranylcypromine, bupropion, methoxyphenamine, selegiline, amfepramone, amfepramone (diethylpropion), pyrovalerone, MDMA (ecstasy), and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, DOM (STP). Some of amphetamine's substituted Derivative (chemistry), derivatives occur in nature, for example in the leaves of ''Ephedra (genus), Ephedra'' and khat plants. Amphetamine w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
