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DB Class 218.9
The DB Class 218 (before 1968 the DB Class V 164) are a class of 4-axle, diesel-hydraulic locomotives acquired by the Deutsche Bundesbahn for use on main and secondary lines for both passenger and freight trains. The class represents the final major revision of the DB V 160 family of locomotives; having the preferred features of the antecedent locomotives, including a hydrodynamic brake, and a single engine providing electrical train heating via a generator as well as tractive power. The class were also the most numerous of the family, providing the backbone of the Deutsche Bundesbahn's main-line diesel locomotive traction from the 1970s up to the reunification of Germany. Despite being displaced from many workings by DMUs, electrification, and inherited DR Class 130s, as of 2009 a significant number of the class still remain active throughout Germany. Background, history and design The locomotives of series 218 were the last of the V 160 family to be developed; the main ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diesel-hydraulic
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover (locomotive), power source is a diesel engine. Several types of diesel locomotives have been developed, differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power is conveyed to the driving wheels. The most common are diesel–electric locomotives and diesel–hydraulic. Early internal combustion engine, internal combustion locomotives and railcars used kerosene and gasoline as their fuel. Rudolf Diesel patented his first compression-ignition engine in 1898, and steady improvements to the design of diesel engines reduced their physical size and improved their power-to-weight ratios to a point where one could be mounted in a locomotive. Internal combustion engines only operate efficiently within a limited power band, and while low-power gasoline engines could be coupled to mechanical transmission (mechanics), transmissions, the more powerful diesel engines required the development of new forms of transmiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bundesbahn (, ) or DB () was formed as the state railway of the newly established West Germany (FRG) on 7 September 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG). The DB remained the state railway of West Germany until after German reunification, when it was merged with the former East German Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) to form Deutsche Bahn, which came into existence on 1 January 1994. Background After World War II, each of the military governments of the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany were ''de facto'' in charge of the German railways in their respective territories. On 10 October 1946, the railways in the British and American occupation zones formed the ''Deutsche Reichsbahn im Vereinigten Wirtschaftsgebiet'' (German Imperial Railway in the united economic area), while on 25 June 1947, the provinces under French occupation formed the Südwestdeutsche Eisenbahn. With the formation of the FRG these successor organisations of the DRG were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emission Standard
Emission standards are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere. Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes. They are generally designed to achieve air quality standards and to protect human life. Different regions and countries have different standards for vehicle emissions. Regulated sources Many emissions standards focus on regulating pollutants released by automobiles (motor cars) and other powered vehicles. Others regulate emissions from industry, power plants, small equipment such as lawn mowers and diesel generators, and other sources of air pollution. The first automobile emissions standards were enacted in 1963 in the United States, mainly as a response to Los Angeles' smog problems. Three years later Japan enacted their first emissions rules, followed between 1970 and 1972 by Canada, Australia, and several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power At Rail
In railway engineering, the term tractive effort describes the pulling or pushing capability of a locomotive. The published tractive force value for any vehicle may be theoretical—that is, calculated from known or implied mechanical properties—or obtained via testing under controlled conditions. The discussion herein covers the term's usage in mechanical applications in which the final stage of the power transmission system is one or more wheels in frictional contact with a railroad track. Defining tractive effort The term ''tractive effort'' is often qualified as ''starting tractive effort'', ''continuous tractive effort'' and ''maximum tractive effort''. These terms apply to different operating conditions, but are related by common mechanical factors: input torque to the driving wheels, the wheel diameter, coefficient of friction () between the driving wheels and supporting surface, and the weight applied to the driving wheels (). The product of and is the fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flexicoil Suspension
Flexicoil suspension is a type of secondary suspension for railway vehicles, typically having steel coil springs between the bogies and chassis of a passenger coach, freight car, or locomotive. Suspension systems using steel springs are more common than those with air springs, as steel springs are less costly to make, relatively wear resistant, and require less maintenance. History Flexicoil (though not known by this term) suspensions were fitted to locomotives in Spain, the Soviet Union and Africa as early as the 1930s. In Germany, Flexicoil suspensions were first used in the 1950s under high-speed electric locomotives, notably the DB Class 103. British Rail Between 1969 and 1971, British Rail conducted tests of modified Flexicoil bogies under a modified Class 86, to prevent further track damage caused by the original Class 86 bogies; tests were successful and all Class 86 locomotives were refitted with the modifications in stages through the 1970s and 1980s. Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pielstick
SEMT Pielstick was a French company that designed and built large diesel engines. Its full name was (Company of Thermal Machines Studies). Founded in 1948, SEMT was bought by MAN Diesel in 2006 During its existence as an independent company, SEMT manufactured engines for locomotives, naval vessels, power plants, and merchant ships. Its customers included France, the United States, Russia, India, and other countries. History SEMT. was created in 1946 by France's ministry for industrial production by combining five national companies: * (Saint-Nazaire), * (La Courneuve) * (Le Havre) * (Nantes) * (Denain) The aim of the new company was to develop new engines in France that could be licensed internationally. In 1948, the first licenses were supplied to licensed engine building companies worldwide. In 1951, after its relocation at La Courneuve, the was equipped with the first test beds. The equipment, which enabled the company to speed up the development of a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Germany
West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republic after its capital city of Bonn, or as the Second German Republic. During the Cold War, the western portion of Germany and the associated territory of West Berlin were parts of the Western Bloc. West Germany was formed as a political entity during the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, established from 12 States of Germany, states formed in the three Allied zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. At the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided between the Western and Eastern Bloc, Eastern blocs. Germany was divided into the two countries. Initially, West Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, representing itself as the sole democratically reorganised continuation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DB Locomotive Classification
DB, dB or db may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Daily Bugle'' or ''DB'', a fictional New York City newspaper in Marvel Comics * '' Doing Business Report'', by the World Bank Group * Dragon Ball, a Japanese media franchise Music * D♭ (musical note) * DB Records, Atlanta, Georgia, US * The dB's, an American band in the 1980s * DJ DB, a New York–based British DJ Brands and enterprises * DB (car), a French automobile maker * Brit Air (IATA airline code) * DB Breweries, a New Zealand company * DB Networks, an American information security firm * Deutsche Bahn, a German railway company since 1994 * Deutsche Bank (NYSE symbol), a multinational investment bank headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany * Deutsche Bundesbahn, national railway company of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949–1994 * Dolderbahn, a rack railway in Zürich, Switzerland Places * Dâmbovița County (ISO 3166-2:RO code), Romania * DB Draw, a bridge over the Passaic River, US * Discovery Bay, a re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unit Identification Code
The Unit Identification Code (UIC) is a six character alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies each United States Department of Defense entity. The UIC is often used on various paperwork to assign a soldier to a specific company in which they fall under. The first character is the Service Designator: * A: US Department of Agriculture * B: US Department of Labor * C: US Department of Commerce * D: US Department of Defense * E: US Coast Guard * F: US Air Force * G: US Department of Transportation * H: US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Education * J: US Judicial Branch * K: US Department of Interior * L: US Legislative Branch * M: US Marine Corps * N: US Navy * P: US Postal Service * Q: US Department of Justice * R: Independent US Federal agency * S: US Department of State * T: US Treasury Department * U: US Department of Housing and Urban Development * V: Other independent US Federal agency * W: US Army * X: US Executive Bran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DB Class V 160
The Class V 160 (after 1968: Class 216) is a class of diesel-hydraulic locomotives of the German railways. It is the first variant of the V160 family, built for the Deutsche Bundesbahn for medium/heavy trains. The Class were successful locomotives, eventually leading to a family of similar locomotives (see DB V 160 family). Due to them having steam heating, and a lack in later years of suitable coaching stock they were amongst the first of the family to be withdrawn, no examples being operated by Deutsche Bahn by 2004. A few examples were converted to the short lived DBAG Class 226, with other examples being rebuilt and still in service with private operators. Background and history Following good performance from the diesel-hydraulic locomotive the DB Class V 80, in the period of history of the German Railways sometimes known as Epoch III, the Deutsche Bundesbahn planned (in 1953) to build several types of new diesel locomotive, primarily to replace steam powered locomotives; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DB Class 217
The DB Class V 162 (after 1968 named DB Class 217) is a class of four-axle diesel hydraulic locomotive built as a development of the DB Class V 160 for the Deutsche Bundesbahn from 1965 to 1968. This variant has a separate diesel engine providing auxiliary power and for electric train heating, replacing the steam generator in the original V 160. The locomotives continued to be used after the formation of the Deutsche Bahn AG in 1994; the final DB Schenker unit was withdrawn in December 1997. Two of the prototypes of the class operated as internal locomotives and were for a time classified as DB Class 753. Background In the early 1960s, the then German Federal Railways (''Deutsche Bundesbahn'' or DB) and the German railway industry developed the V 160 series (with which this class shares the majority of its design features), a diesel locomotive for use on medium-duty passenger and freight trains on main and secondary lines. These locomotives had steam heating apparatus for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
