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Cersobleptes
Cersobleptes ( el, Kερσoβλέπτης, Kersobleptēs, also found in the form Cersebleptes, Kersebleptēs), was son of Cotys I, king of the Odrysians in Thrace, on whose death in September 360 BC he inherited the throne. From the beginning of his reign, however, Cersobleptes was beset by problems. He inherited a conflict with the Athenians and with the rebel former royal treasurer Miltokythes from his father, and now there appeared two rivals for the throne, Berisades and Amadocus II. Despite the continued able service of Cersobleptes' brother-in-law, the Euboean adventurer Charidemus, Cersobleptes was forced to make peace with Athens and with his rivals, recognizing them as autonomous rulers of parts of Thrace by 357 BC. The area controlled by Cersobleptes was apparently to the east of the rivers Tonzos and Hebrus, with Amadocus II to his west, and Berisades even farther west, on the border with Macedon. Charidemus had taken on a prominent role in the contests and negotia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotys I (Odrysian)
Cotys I or Kotys I (Ancient Greek: Κότυς, Kotys) was a king of the Odrysians in Thrace from 384 BC to his murder in 360 BC. He was known to have been born during the reign of Seuthes I, based on ancient sources and date of birth estimates for Cotys, his daughter who married the Athenian general Iphicrates, and her son Menestheus. According to Harpokration, he reigned for 24 years, which places his accession in 384 BC. Although his origins are actually unknown, An Athenian inscription dated to 330 BC, which honors Reboulas, brother of Cotys and son of king Seuthes. As the ordinal of Seuthes is not mentioned, it was unclear, however, which of the preceding kings named Seuthes is meant by the inscription. While scholars originally believed Seuthes II to be the father of Cotys I, now it is known that Seuthes I was his father, as Seuthes II was only 7 years old at the time of Seuthes I's abdication in 411 BC. In 390 BC the Athenian general Iphicrates joined his colleag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charidemus
Charidemus (or Kharidemos, grc-gre, Χαρίδημος), of Oreus in Euboea, was an ancient Greek mercenary leader of the 4th century BC. He had a complicated relationship with Athens, sometimes aiding the city in its efforts to secure its interests in the northern Aegean, sometimes working against it. He was castigated by Demosthenes in his oration ''Against Aristocrates'' for repeated treacherous actions toward Athens, yet later he received Athenian citizenship and was elected one of its generals. In this capacity he ran afoul of Alexander III (the Great) of Macedon and was ordered into banishment after the destruction of Thebes in 335. He retired to Persia, where he was first honored by the Great King, but was later executed after sneering at the quality of the Persian army. Biography Early life Charidemus was probaby born in the early 390s BCE in Oreus, a city in northern Euboea (near Histiaea) of a citizen mother and non-citizen father named Philoxenus. His firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amadocus II
Amadocus ( el, Ἀμάδoκoς, Amadokos, also Amatokos) was an Odrysian ruler in Thrace, who ruled from 360 to c. 351 BC. Amadocus II was the son of Amadocus I (Medocus), according to a fragment of Theopompus, which specifies that there were two kings named Amadocus, father and son, of whom the son was a contemporary of Philip II of Macedon. It is unclear when Amadocus II first laid claim to the throne, and numismatic evidence for an Amadocus as a rival to Cotys I in the late 380s or early 370s BC may refer to him rather than to his father. Soon after the murder of Cotys I in September 360 BC, his son and successor Cersobleptes was faced with several opponents, including Amadocus II and Berisades. While he eliminated some other rivals, by 357 BC Cersobleptes was forced to agree to a partitioning of the kingdom with Amadocus II and Berisades, who had secured Athenian support: Cersobleptes kept eastern Thrace, Amadocus II central Thrace, and Berisades western Thrace. The area unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odrysian Kingdom
The Odrysian Kingdom (; Ancient Greek: ) was a state grouping many Thracian tribes united by the Odrysae, which arose in the early 5th century BC and existed at least until the late 1st century BC. It consisted mainly of present-day Bulgaria and parts of Southeastern Romania (Northern Dobruja), Northern Greece and European Turkey. Dominated by the eponymous Odrysian people, it was the largest and most powerful Thracian realm and the first larger political entity of the eastern Balkans. Before the foundation of Seuthopolis in the late 4th century it had no fixed capital. The Odrysian kingdom was founded by king Teres I, exploiting the collapse of the Persian presence in Europe due to failed invasion of Greece in 480–79. Teres and his son Sitalces pursued a policy of expansion, making the kingdom one of the most powerful of its time. Throughout much of its early history it remained an ally of Athens and even joined the Peloponnesian War on its side. By 400 the state showed f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teres II
Teres II or Teres III (Ancient Greek: Τήρης, Tērēs) was a king of the Odrysians in Thrace from 351 BC to 341 BC. The variation in numbering indicates disagreement among scholars, some of whom include as Teres II the paradynast of Amadocus I and rival of Seuthes II who ruled near Byzantium in c. 400 BC, since that Teres is specifically called an Odrysian, and since Seuthes II himself was also a paradynast. The present Teres is therefore found variously as "Teres II" or "Teres III" in the literature. Teres II or III is generally assumed to have been the son of Amadocus II, on the basis of historical succession and coin types. This identification is possibly supported by an inscription naming "Tērēs (son) of Amatokos" on a silver bowl found at the village of Braničevo in northeastern Bulgaria. Amadocus II, who ruled the central portion of Thrace, disappears from the sources at the time of a military intervention by Philip II of Macedon in 352/351 BC, and Teres appears to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cetriporis
Cetriporis ( el, Κετρίπορις, also known as Ketriporis, an anthroponym from the Thracian language) was a king of the Odrysian kingdom in western Thrace from c. 356 BC, in succession to his father Berisades, with whom he may already have been a co-ruler. He is most known for entering into an alliance with Athens, the Illyrians, and the Paeonians against Philip II of Macedonia in the summer of 356 BC, negotiated by his brother Mononius. As king, Cetriporis controlled only part of the Odrysian kingdom, the remainder being in the possession of the rival Odrysian kings Amadocus II and Cersobleptes. After his father died, Cetriporis and his brothers were in conflict with Cersobleptes, who had declared war and plotted with the mercenary general Charidemus to eliminate Cetriporis and Amadocus as rival kings. Around the same time he was part of the coalition against Philip; however, Philip defeated the coalition between 356 and 352 BC. Cetriporis himself appears to have been su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berisades
Berisades (Greek: Bηρισάδης) was a ruler in Thrace, who inherited, in conjunction with Amadocus II and Cersobleptes, the dominions of the Thracian king Cotys on the death of the latter in 360 BC. Berisades was probably a son of Cotys and a brother of the other two princes. He may have ruled in conjunction with his son Cetriporis, who entered into an alliance with Athens and the Illyrians against Philip II of Macedonia in 358 BC; Philip defeated the coalition in 353 BC. Berisades' reign was short, as he was already dead in 352 BC; and on his death Cersobleptes declared war against his children. The Birisades (Bιρισάδης) mentioned by Dinarchus is probably the same as Paerisades, the king of the Bosporan Kingdom, who must not be confounded with the Berisades mentioned above. The Berisades, king of Pontus, whom Stratonicus, the player on the lyre, visited, must also be regarded as the same as Parisades. Notes References * Smith, William; ''Dictionary of Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristocrates Of Athens
Aristocrates (in Greek Aριστoκρατης; lived 4th century BC) was a person against whom Demosthenes wrote an oration, still extant, entitled ''Against Aristocrates'' (Kατα Aριστoκρατoυς). He wrote it shortly before 352 BC for Euthycles, who accused Aristocrates of proposing an illegal decree in relation to Charidemus, a Euboean adventurer who acted as chief minister for the Thracian prince Cersobleptes and desired to assume with Athenian help full control of king Cotys former dominions. References *Demosthenes, ''Speeches'', A. T. Murray (translator); Cambridge, MA - London, (1939),Against Aristocrates * Smith, William; ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology''"Aristocrates (4)" Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ..., (1867) -- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thracian Chersonese
The Thracians (; grc, Θρᾷκες ''Thrāikes''; la, Thraci) were an Indo-European speaking people who inhabited large parts of Eastern and Southeastern Europe in ancient history.. "The Thracians were an Indo-European people who occupied the area between northern Greece, southern Russia, and north-western Turkey. They shared the same language and culture... There may have been as many as a million Thracians, diveded among up to 40 tribes." Thracians resided mainly in the Balkans (mostly modern day Bulgaria, Turkey and Greece) but were also located in Anatolia (Asia Minor) and other locations in Eastern Europe. The exact origin of Thracians is unknown, but it is believed that proto-Thracians descended from a purported mixture of Proto-Indo-Europeans and Early European Farmers, arriving from the rest of Asia and Africa through the Asia Minor (Anatolia). The proto-Thracian culture developed into the Dacian, Getae, and several other smaller Thracian cultures. Thracian cul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip II Of Macedon
Philip II of Macedon ( grc-gre, Φίλιππος ; 382 – 21 October 336 BC) was the king ('' basileus'') of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty, founders of the ancient kingdom, and the father of Alexander the Great. The rise of Macedon—its conquest and political consolidation of most of Classical Greece during his reign—was achieved by his reformation of the army (the establishment of the Macedonian phalanx that proved critical in securing victories on the battlefield), his extensive use of siege engines, and his utilization of effective diplomacy and marriage alliances. After defeating the Greek city-states of Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, Philip II led the effort to establish a federation of Greek states known as the League of Corinth, with him as the elected hegemon and commander-in-chief of Greece for a planned invasion of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illyria
In classical antiquity, Illyria (; grc, Ἰλλυρία, ''Illyría'' or , ''Illyrís''; la, Illyria, ''Illyricum'') was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by numerous tribes of people collectively known as the Illyrians. Illyrians spoke the Illyrian language, an Indo-European language, which in ancient times perhaps also had speakers in some parts of Southern Italy. The geographical term Illyris (distinct from ''Illyria'') was sometimes used to define approximately the area of northern and central Albania down to the Aoös valley (modern Vjosa), including in most periods much of the lakeland area. In Roman times the terms Illyria / Illyris / Illyricum were extended from the territory that was roughly located in the area of the south-eastern Adriatic coast (modern Albania and Montenegro) and its hinterland, to a broader region stretching between the Adriatic Sea and the Danube, and from the upper reaches of the Adriatic down to the Ardiaei. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balkan Mountains
The Balkan mountain range (, , known locally also as Stara planina) is a mountain range in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeastern Europe. The range is conventionally taken to begin at the peak of Vrashka Chuka on the border between Bulgaria and Serbia. It then runs for about , first in a south-easterly direction along the border, then eastward across Bulgaria, forming a natural barrier between the northern and southern halves of the country, before finally reaching the Black Sea at Cape Emine. The mountains reach their highest point with Botev Peak at . In much of the central and eastern sections, the summit forms the watershed between the drainage basins of the Black Sea and the Aegean. A prominent gap in the mountains is formed by the sometimes narrow Iskar Gorge, a few miles north of the Bulgarian capital, Sofia. The karst relief determines the large number of caves, including Magura, featuring the most important and extended European post-Palaeolithic c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
