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The Holocaust In Estonia
By the end of 1941, virtually all of the 950 to 1,000 Estonian Jews unable to escape Estonia before its occupation by Nazi Germany (25% of the total prewar Jewish population) were killed in the Holocaust by German units such as ''Einsatzgruppe A'' and/or local collaborators. The Romani people in Estonia were also killed or enslaved by Nazi occupiers and their collaborators. The occupation authorities also killed around 6,000 ethnic Estonians and 1,000 ethnic Russians in Estonia, often claiming that they were Communists or Communist sympathizers, a categorization that also included relatives of alleged Communists. In addition around 15,000 Soviet prisoners-of-war and Jews from other parts of Europe were killed in Estonia during the German occupation. Before the Holocaust Prior to World War II, Jewish life flourished in Estonia with significant autonomy, allowing the local Jewish population to have full self-determination of education and other aspects of cultural life. In 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corpses Found At Klooga Concentration Camp 02
A cadaver, often known as a corpse, is a Death, dead human body. Cadavers are used by medical students, physicians and other scientists to study anatomy, identify disease sites, determine causes of death, and provide tissue (biology), tissue to repair a defect in a living human being. Students in medical school study and dissect cadavers as a part of their education. Others who study cadavers include archaeologists and arts students. In addition, a cadaver may be used in the development and evaluation of surgical instruments. The term ''cadaver'' is used in courts of law (and, to a lesser extent, also by media outlets such as newspapers) to refer to a dead body, as well as by recovery teams searching for bodies in natural disasters. The word comes from the Latin word ''cadere'' ("to fall"). Related terms include ''cadaverous'' (resembling a cadaver) and ''cadaveric spasm'' (a muscle spasm causing a dead body to twitch or jerk). A cadaver graft (also called “postmortem graft”) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judenfrei
''Judenfrei'' (, "free of Jews") and ''judenrein'' (, "clean of Jews") are terms of Nazi origin to designate an area that has been " cleansed" of Jews during the Holocaust. While ''judenfrei'' refers merely to "freeing" an area of all of its Jewish inhabitants, the term ''judenrein'' (literally "clean of Jews") has the even stronger connotation that any trace of Jewish blood had been removed as an alleged impurity in the minds of the criminal perpetrators. These terms of racial discrimination and racial abuse are intrinsic to Nazi antisemitism and were used by the Nazis in Germany before World War II and in occupied countries such as Poland in 1939. ''Judenfrei'' describes the local Jewish population having been removed from a town, region, or country by forced evacuation during the Holocaust, though many Jews were hidden by local people. Removal methods included forced re-housing in Nazi ghettos especially in eastern Europe, and forced removal or resettlement to the East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Star Of David
The Star of David (, , ) is a symbol generally recognized as representing both Jewish identity and Judaism. Its shape is that of a hexagram: the compound of two equilateral triangles. A derivation of the Seal of Solomon was used for decorative and mystical purposes by Kabbalah, Kabbalistic Jews and Muslims. The hexagram appears occasionally in Jewish contexts since antiquity as a decorative motif, such as a stone bearing a hexagram from the arch of the 3rd–4th century Khirbet Shura synagogue. A hexagram found in a religious context can be seen in a Leningrad Codex, manuscript of the Hebrew Bible from 11th-century Cairo. Its association as a distinctive symbol for the Jewish people and their religion dates to 17th-century Prague. In the 19th century, the symbol began to be widely used by the History of the Jews in Europe, Jewish communities of Eastern Europe, ultimately coming to represent Jewish identity or religious beliefs."The Flag and the Emblem" (MFA). It became repr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto-Heinrich Drechsler
Otto-Heinrich Drechsler (1 April 1895 – 5 May 1945) was a German Nazi politician who served as the General Commissioner of Latvia for the Nazi Germany's occupation regime (''Reichskommissariat Ostland'') during World War II. In this capacity, he played a role in setting up the Riga ghetto and was implicated in the extermination of Latvian Jews. He committed suicide on 5 May 1945, after being captured by British forces. Early life Drechsler became an officer cadet (''Fahnenjunker'') in the Lübeck infantry regiment of the German Army in 1914. He was severely wounded and lost a leg. He was mustered out of the ''Reichswehr'' in 1920. Andreas Zellhuber: ''"Unsere Verwaltung treibt einer Katastrophe zu …" Das Reichsministerium für die besetzten Ostgebiete und die deutsche Besatzungsherrschaft in der Sowjetunion 1941–1945.'' Vögel, München 2006, S. 87, . (Quelle: Erich Stockhorst: ''Fünftausend Köpfe''. Velbert 1967, S. 112.) During the Weimar Republic, Drechsler began the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postimees
is an Estonian daily newspaper established on 5 June 1857, by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. In 1891, it became the first daily newspaper in Estonia. Its current editor-in-chief is Priit Hõbemägi. The paper has approximately 250 employees. ''Postimees'' is currently published five days a week and has the largest circulation and readership in Estonia with 55,000 copies sold during the workweek and over 72,000 on weekends. Ninety-seven per cent of the paper's circulation is subscription-based with only three per cent sold individually. The weekend edition of ''Postimees'', published on Saturdays, includes several separate sections: ''AK'' (), ''Arter'', and a television-guide. The paper is owned by namesake media company Postimees Group (formerly known as Eesti Meedia), which a company owned by entrepreneur Margus Linnamäe has a full control since 2015. History ''Postimees'' is considered to be the oldest newspaper in Estonia. ''Perno Postimees ehk Näddalaleht'' (now '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Star
The Star of David (, , ) is a symbol generally recognized as representing both Jewish identity and Judaism. Its shape is that of a hexagram: the compound of two equilateral triangles. A derivation of the Seal of Solomon was used for decorative and mystical purposes by Kabbalah, Kabbalistic Jews and Muslims. The hexagram appears occasionally in Jewish contexts since antiquity as a decorative motif, such as a stone bearing a hexagram from the arch of the 3rd–4th century Khirbet Shura synagogue. A hexagram found in a religious context can be seen in a Leningrad Codex, manuscript of the Hebrew Bible from 11th-century Cairo. Its association as a distinctive symbol for the Jewish people and their religion dates to 17th-century Prague. In the 19th century, the symbol began to be widely used by the History of the Jews in Europe, Jewish communities of Eastern Europe, ultimately coming to represent Jewish identity or religious beliefs."The Flag and the Emblem" (MFA). It became repr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tallinn
Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and administratively lies in the Harju County, Harju ''Counties of Estonia, maakond'' (county). Tallinn is the main governmental, financial, industrial, and cultural centre of Estonia. It is located northwest of the country's second largest city, Tartu, however, only south of Helsinki, Finland; it is also west of Saint Petersburg, Russia, north of Riga, Latvia, and east of Stockholm, Sweden. From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, Tallinn was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical Names of Tallinn in different languages, name Reval. “Reval” received Lübeck law, Lübeck city rights in 1248; however, the earliest evidence of human settlement in the area dates back nearly 5,000 years. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicherheitspolizei
The often abbreviated as SiPo, is a German term meaning "security police". In the Nazi Germany, Nazi era, it referred to the state political and criminal investigation security agency, security agencies. It was made up by the combined forces of the Gestapo (secret state police) and the ''Kriminalpolizei (Nazi Germany), Kriminalpolizei'' (criminal police; Kripo) between 1936 and 1939. As a formal agency, the SiPo was incorporated into the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) in 1939, but the term continued to be used informally until the end of World War II in Europe. Origins The term originated in August 1919 when the ''Reichswehr'' set up the ''Sicherheitswehr'' as a militarised police force to take action during times of riots or strikes. Owing to limitations in army numbers, it was renamed the to avoid attention. They wore a green uniform, and were sometimes called the "Green Police". It was a military body, recruiting largely from the ''Freikorps'', with NCOs and officers from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tapa, Estonia
Tapa is a town in Tapa Parish, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia, located at the junction of the country's Tallinn–Narva (west–east) and Tallinn–Tartu– Valga (north–south) railway lines. Tapa has the Estonian Defense Forces nearby Keskpolügoon. The Valgejõgi River passes Tapa on its northeastern side. Tapa has been known as both a railway and a military town throughout its history.Harri Allandi, ''The Armoured Train Regiment's Base in Tapa in Words and Pictures: 1923-1940''. Estonian:''Tapal Paiknenud Soomusrongirügement Sõnas ja Pildis 1923-1940''. Tapa, 2007. Tapa developed as a village in the 13th–14th centuries. It was first mentioned in 1482 and the Tapa knight manor () in 1629. Tapa was officially recognized as a town in 1926. In October 2005, the town merged with the municipalities of Lehtse Parish, Saksi Parish, and Jäneda Parish to form Tapa Parish. Etymology The etymology of Tapa is uncertain. The name of the town may come from the older form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubin Teitelbaum
Rubin Teitelbaum (17 January 1907 – 4 September 1941) was an Estonian-Jewish weightlifter. He was born in Tapa. His younger sister was a track and field athlete, basketball and volleyball player Sara Teitelbaum. He started his weightlifting exercising in 1925 at the gymnastics association "Sport". He was a member of Estonian national weightlifting team. He was a 7-times Estonian champion. He was killed in Tallinn in 1941 following the German occupation of Estonia during World War II during the Holocaust in Estonia By the end of 1941, virtually all of the 950 to 1,000 Estonian Jews unable to escape Estonia before its occupation by Nazi Germany (25% of the total prewar Jewish population) were killed in the Holocaust by German units such as ''Einsatzgruppe .... References 1907 births 1941 deaths People from Tapa, Estonia Sportspeople from Lääne-Viru County People from Kreis Jerwen Estonian male weightlifters Estonian people who died in the Holocaust 20th-centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Death Certificate
A death certificate is either a legal document issued by a medical practitioner which states when a person died, or a document issued by a government civil registration office, that declares the date, location and cause of a person's death, as entered in an official register of deaths. An official death certificate is usually required to be provided when applying for probate or administration of a deceased estate. They are also sought for genealogical research. The government registration office would usually be required to provide details of deaths, without production of a death certificate, to enable government agencies to update their records, such as electoral registers, government benefits paid, passport records, transfer the inheritance, etc. Nature of a certificate Before issuing a death certificate, the authorities usually require a certificate from a physician or coroner to validate the cause of death and the identity of the deceased. In cases where it is not comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Archives Of Estonia
The National Archives of Estonia (NAE, ) has been the centre of archival administration in Estonia since 1999. Organization NAE collects and preserves records documenting the history, culture, nationhood and social conditions in Estonia independent of the time or place of creation, or character of data medium. NAE is a government agency within the domain of the Ministry of Education and Research. It includes collection, preservation and access departments in Tallinn and in Tartu, regional departments in Rakvere and in Valga, as well as the film and digital archives. Development of research is covered by the research and publishing bureau, the support services function with the help of the administrative bureau. The cornerstone of the new main building of NAE was laid in the spring of 2015 and was publicly opened in 2017. The new site covers 13,599 m2, the building has 6 floors, with a total floor area of 10,708 m2 and a volume of 50,000 m³. The repository space covers 5,800 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
