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Scutigeromorpha
Scutigeromorpha is an order of Centipede, centipedes also known as house centipedes. These centipedes are found in the temperate and tropical parts of every continent except Antarctica, with their distribution significantly expanded by the introduction of the Mediterranean species ''Scutigera coleoptrata'' throughout Europe, Asia, and North America. The common species ''S. coleoptrata'' is a typical representative of this order, lying in wait for other arthropods, then seizing prey using great speed, and all species in this order reflect adaptations for this mode of life. Description House centipedes are Anamorphic development, hemianamorphic, and adults in this order have 15 leg-bearing segments. Adults have bodies that measure 2 to 3.5 cm in length, but some can reach 8 cm in body length. Species in this order can be readily recognized by their long legs and Antenna (biology), antennae. The antennae end in annulated flagella that are each divided into two or three segments. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centipede
Centipedes (from Neo-Latin , "hundred", and Latin , "foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda (Ancient Greek , ''kheilos'', "lip", and Neo-Latin suffix , "foot", describing the forcipules) of the subphylum Myriapoda, an arthropod group which includes millipedes and other multi-legged animals. Centipedes are elongated segmented ( metameric) animals with one pair of legs per body segment. All centipedes are venomous and can inflict painful stings, injecting their venom through pincer-like appendages known as forcipules or toxicognaths, which are actually modified legs instead of fangs. Despite the name, no species of centipede has exactly 100 legs; the number of pairs of legs is an odd number that ranges from 15 pairs to 191 pairs. Centipedes are predominantly generalist carnivorous, hunting for a variety of prey items that can be overpowered. They have a wide geographical range, which can be found in terrestrial habitats from tropical rainforests ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutigera Coleoptrata
''Scutigera coleoptrata'', also known as the house centipede, is a species of centipede that is typically yellowish-grey and has up to 15 pairs of long legs. Originating in the Mediterranean region, it has spread to other parts of the world, where it can live in human homes. It is an insectivore, preying on insects and arachnids by envenomating them (but not dangerous to humans). Etymology In 1758, Carl Linnaeus described the species in the tenth edition of his ''Systema Naturae'', giving the name ''Scolopendra coleoptrata'', writing that it has a "coleopterated thorax" (similar to a coleopter). In 1801, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck separated ''Scutigera'' from ''Scolopendra'', calling this species ''Scutigera coleoptrata''. The word ''scutigera'' comes from Latin and , because of the shape of the plates in the back of the chilopod. Morphology The body of an adult ''Scutigera coleoptrata'' is typically in length, although larger specimens are sometimes encountered. Up t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pselliodidae
Pselliodidae is a family of small centipedes, closely related to house centipedes. Genera and species , the Integrated Taxonomic Information System The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is an American partnership of federal agencies designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the taxonomy of biological species. ITIS was originally formed in 1996 as an interagenc ... recognizes the following genera and species in Pselliodidae: * '' Gonethella'' ** '' Gonethella nesiotes'' * '' Gonethina'' **'' Gonethina fijiana'' ** '' Gonethina grenadensis'' * '' Sphendononema'' **'' Sphendononema chagualensis'' **'' Sphendononema guildingii'' **'' Sphendononema rugosa'' In contrast, wrote this family comprises "at least three species in a single genus", only mentioning the genus ''Sphendononema'' and the species ''S. guildingii'' and ''S. rugosa''. References Further reading * * * Pselliodidae {{Centipede-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silurian
The Silurian ( ) is a geologic period and system spanning 23.5 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya. The Silurian is the third and shortest period of the Paleozoic Era, and the third of twelve periods of the Phanerozoic Eon. As with other geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period's start and end are well identified, but the exact dates are uncertain by a few million years. The base of the Silurian is set at a series of major Ordovician–Silurian extinction events when up to 60% of marine genera were wiped out. One important event in this period was the initial establishment of terrestrial life in what is known as the Silurian-Devonian Terrestrial Revolution: vascular plants emerged from more primitive land plants, dikaryan fungi started expanding and diversifying along with glomeromycotan fungi, and three groups of arthropods ( myriapods, arachnids and hexapods) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutigeridae
Scutigeridae is a family of centipedes that are known as house centipedes. It includes most species of house centipedes, including ''Scutigera coleoptrata'' and '' Allothereua maculata''. Genera These 25 genera belong to the family Scutigeridae: * '' Allothereua'' Verhoeff, 1905 * '' Ballonema'' Verhoeff, 1904 * '' Ballonemella'' Verhoeff, 1944 * '' Brasiloscutigera'' Bücherl, 1939 * '' Dendrothereua'' Verhoeff, 1944 * '' Diplacrophor'' Chamberlin, 1920 * '' Fulmenocursor'' Wilson, 2001 * '' Gomphor'' Chamberlin, 1944 * '' Parascutigera'' Verhoeff, 1904 * '' Pesvarus'' Würmli, 1974 * '' Phanothereua'' Chamberlin, 1958 * '' Pilbarascutigera'' Edgecombe and Barrow, 2007 * '' Podothereua'' Verhoeff, 1905 * '' Prionopodella'' Verhoeff, 1925 * '' Prothereua'' Verhoeff, 1925 * ''Scutigera'' Lamarck, 1801 * '' Seychellonema'' Butler, Edgecombe, Ball and Giribet, 2011 * '' Tachythereua'' Verhoeff, 1905 * '' Thereulla'' Chamberlin, 1955 * '' Thereuonema'' Verhoeff, 1904 * '' Thereuopod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiracle (arthropods)
A spiracle or stigma is the opening in the exoskeletons of insects, myriapods, velvet worms and many arachnids to allow air to enter the trachea. Insect respiratory system differs from vertebrates'. The circulatory system plays a relatively minor role in circulating oxygen and removing carbon dioxide; instead, trachea and air sacs in the insect body allow direct gas exchange, and these tracheal tubes eventually connect to the external environment via spiracles. In most species, the spiracles are controlled by motor neurons in the central nervous system. It can be opened and closed in an efficient manner to admit air while minimizing associated physiological costs, such as water loss during respiration. Many sensory stimuli can affect the control of spiracles in insects, e.g. chemosensory (carbon dioxide, oxygen, etc.) or mechanosensory (sound, touch, etc.). It has been shown that during metabolically intensive behaviors, such as flight, insects can dynamically modulate the spir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neotropical Realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropics, tropical Ecoregion#Terrestrial, terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate climate, temperate zone. Definition In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical realm is one of the eight terrestrial realms. This realm includes South America, Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and southern North America. In Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula and southern lowlands, and most of the east and west coastlines, including the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula are Neotropical. In the United States southern Florida and coastal Central Florida are considered Neotropical. The realm also includes temperate southern South America. In contrast, the Neotropical Phytochorion, Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic Floristic Kingdom, Antarctic kingdom. The Neo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosmopolitan Distribution
In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and environmental conditions, though this is not always so. Killer whales ( orcas) are among the most well-known cosmopolitan species on the planet, as they maintain several different resident and transient (migratory) populations in every major oceanic body on Earth, from the Arctic Circle to Antarctica and every coastal and open-water region in-between. Such a taxon (usually a species) is said to have a ''cosmopolitan'' distribution, or exhibit cosmopolitanism, as a species; another example, the rock dove (commonly referred to as a ' pigeon'), in addition to having been bred domestically for centuries, now occurs in most urban areas around the world. The extreme opposite of a cosmopolitan species is an endemic (native) species, or one foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous (geochronology, geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 143.1 Megaannum#SI prefix multipliers, Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Proposals for the exact age of the Barremian–Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining Anoxic event#Cretaceous, early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java Plateau, Ontong Java-Manihiki Plateau, Manihiki-Hikurangi Plateau, Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Onto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants. The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten", and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen. Contents of the crow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
