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Rutaceae
The Rutaceae () is a family (biology), family, commonly known as the rueRUTACEAE in BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order (biology), order Sapindales. Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from Herbaceous plant, herbs to shrubs and large trees. The most economically important genus in the family is ''Citrus'', which includes the Orange (fruit), orange (''C.'' × ''sinensis''), lemon (''C.'' × ''limon''), grapefruit (''C.'' × ''paradisi''), and Lime (fruit), lime (various). ''Boronia'' is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial Essential oil, oil production. Other l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amyridoideae
''Amyridoideae'' is a subfamily of the family Rutaceae. The circumscription of the family has varied considerably. A 2014 classification placed a large proportion of the genera in the family Rutaceae in Amyridoideae. A more recent 2021 classification includes only three genera. Taxonomy In 2012, based on molecular phylogenetic methods, Groppo et al. divided Rutaceae into two subfamilies, a small Cneoroideae and a very large subfamily Rutoideae ''s.l.'' for the all the remaining genera. A 2014 classification by Morton and Telmer added the subfamily Aurantioideae, and split the remaining Rutoideae ''s.l.'' into a smaller Rutoideae and a much larger Amyridoideae ''s.l.'', containing most of the genera Engler had placed in Rutoideae in 1896. Until 2021, molecular phylogenetic approaches had only sampled between 20% and 40% of the genera of Rutaceae. A 2021 study by Appelhans et al. sampled almost 90% of the genera. The two main clades recognized by Groppo et al. in 2012 were upheld, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rutoideae
Rutoideae is a flowering plant subfamily in the family Rutaceae. The subfamily has had varying circumscriptions. In a 2012 classification of the family it was one of only two subfamilies and contained most of the genera, whereas in a 2021 classification it has only five genera. Taxonomy In 1896, Engler published a division of the family Rutaceae into seven subfamilies. Rutoideae was one of the larger subfamilies. Engler's division into subfamilies largely relied on the characteristics of the fruit, as did others used until molecular phylogenetic methods were applied, which showed that Rutoideae cannot be clearly differentiated from other members of the family based on fruit. In 2012, Groppo et al. divided Rutaceae into only two subfamilies, a small Cneoroideae, and a greatly enlarged subfamily Rutoideae ''s.l.'' with all the remaining genera. A 2014 classification by Morton and Telmer split this circumscription of Rutoideae into a smaller Rutoideae and a much larger Amyridoideae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melicope
''Melicope'' is a genus of about 240 species of shrubs and trees in the family Rutaceae, occurring from the Hawaiian Islands across the Pacific Ocean to tropical Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Plants in the genus ''Melicope'' have simple or Glossary of leaf morphology#trifoliate, trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers arranged in panicles, with four sepals, four petals and four or eight stamens and fruit composed of up to four Follicle (fruit), follicles. Description Plants in the genus ''Melicope'' have simple or trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, or sometimes Whorl (botany), whorled.The flowers are arranged in panicles and are Plant reproductive morphology#Bisexual, bisexual or sometimes with functionally male- or female-only flowers. The flowers have four sepals, four petals and four or eight stamens. There are four, sometimes five, Gynoecium#Carpels, carpels fused at the base with fused Style (botany), styles, the Stigma (botany), stigma similar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurantioideae
Aurantioideae (sometimes known as Citroideae) is the subfamily within the rue and citrus family (biology), family (Rutaceae) that contains the citrus. The subfamily's center of diversity is in the monsoon region of eastern Australasia, extending west through South Asia into Africa, and eastwards into Polynesia. Notable members include citrus (genus ''Citrus''), Aegle marmelos, bael (''Aegle marmelos''), limonia acidissima, curd fruit (''Limonia acidissima''), species of genus ''Murraya'' such as curry tree (''M. koenigii'') and murraya paniculata, orange jessamine (''M. paniculata''), and the small genus ''Clausena''. Description Aurantioideae are smallish trees or large shrubs, or rarely lianas. Their flowers are typically white and fragrant. Their fruit are very characteristic hesperidium, hesperidia, usually of rounded shape and colored in green, yellowish or orange hues. Taxonomy The subfamily has been divided into two tribe (biology), tribes, the ancestral Clauseneae and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapindales
Sapindales is an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus; maples, horse-chestnuts, lychees and rambutans; mangos and cashews; frankincense and myrrh; mahogany and neem. The APG III system of 2009 includes it in the clade malvids (in rosids, in eudicots) with the following nine families: * Anacardiaceae * Biebersteiniaceae *Burseraceae * Kirkiaceae * Meliaceae * Nitrariaceae (including Peganaceae and Tetradiclidaceae) *Rutaceae *Sapindaceae * Simaroubaceae The APG II system of 2003 allowed the optional segregation of families now included in the Nitrariaceae. In the classification system of Dahlgren the Rutaceae were placed in the order Rutales, in the superorder Rutiflorae (also called Rutanae). The Cronquist system of 1981 used a somewhat different circumscription, including the following families: *Staphyleaceae * Melianthaceae * Bretschneideraceae * Akaniaceae *Sapindaceae * Hippocastanaceae * Aceraceae *Burseraceae * Anaca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rutaceae Genera
, Plants of the World Online (PoWO) accepted 152 genera in the family Rutaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (APweb) also accepted about 150 genera, but with some genera accepted by PoWO not accepted and some extra genera. About 140 genera were common to the two lists. The list below is based on PoWO, with placements in APWeb shown in parentheses. A *'' Acmadenia'' Bartl. & H.L.Wendl. *'' Acradenia'' Kippist *'' Acronychia'' J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. - lemon aspen *'' Adenandra'' Willd. *'' Adiscanthus'' Ducke *'' Aegle'' Corrêa - bael *''Aeglopsis'' Swingle *''Afraegle'' Engl. *'' Afraurantium'' A.Chev. *'' Agathosma'' Willd. *'' Amyris'' P.Browne - West Indian sandalwood *'' Andreadoxa'' Kallunki *'' Angostura'' Roem. & Schult. *'' Apocaulon'' R.S.Cowan *'' Asterolasia'' F.Muell. *''Atalantia'' Corrêa B *'' Balfourodendron'' Mello ex Oliv. *''Balsamocitrus'' Stapf *''Bergera'' *'' Boenninghausenia'' Rchb. ex Meisn. *'' Boronia'' Sm. *'' Bosistoa'' F.Muell. ex Benth. - bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cneoroideae
Cneoroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants that belongs to the family Rutaceae. The subfamilies Dictyolomatoideae and Spathelioideae are now included in the subfamily Cneoroideae. Taxonomy In 1896, Engler published a division of the family Rutaceae into seven subfamilies. Two of Engler's monogeneric subfamilies, Dictyolomatoideae and Spathelioideae, are now included in the subfamily Cneoroideae, along with genera Engler placed in other families. The subfamily name Cneoroideae is attributed to Philip Barker-Webb in 1842. Genera Genera placed in Cneoroideae in a 2021 classification of the Rutaceae into subfamilies are: * '' Bottegoa'' Chiov. * '' Cedrelopsis'' Baill. * '' Cneorum'' L. * '' Dictyoloma'' A.Juss. * '' Harrisonia'' R.Br. ex A.Juss. * ''Ptaeroxylon ''Ptaeroxylon obliquum'' is the botanical name for the sneezewood tree. It is native to Southern Africa, including South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. It is the only species in the genus ''Ptaeroxylon''. Backgro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zanthoxyloideae
''Zanthoxyloideae'' is a subfamily of the family Rutaceae. Its most notable member is probably Sichuan pepper. Genera The division of the subfamily into genera varied, . Genera accepted in a 2021 classification of Rutaceae into subfamilies were: * '' Acmadenia'' Bartl. & H.L.Wendl. * '' Acradenia'' Kippist * '' Acronychia'' J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. * '' Adenandra'' Willd. * '' Adiscanthus'' Ducke * '' Agathosma'' Willd. * '' Andreadoxa'' Kallunki * '' Angostura'' Roem. & Schult. * '' Apocaulon'' R.S.Cowan * '' Asterolasia'' F.Muell. * '' Balfourodendron'' Mello ex Oliv. * '' Boronia'' Sm. * '' Bosistoa'' F.Muell. ex Benth. * '' Bouchardatia'' Baill. * '' Brombya'' F.Muell. * '' Calodendrum'' Thunb. * '' Casimiroa'' La Llave * '' Choisya'' Kunth * '' Chorilaena'' Endl. * '' Coatesia'' F.Muell., syn. '' Geijera'' Schott * '' Coleonema'' Bartl. & H.L.Wendl. * '' Comptonella'' Baker f. * '' Conchocarpus'' J.C.Mikan * '' Correa'' Andrews * '' Crossosperma'' T.G.Hartley * '' Crowea'' Sm. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Indigenous people in these areas have used and domesticated various species since ancient times. Its cultivation first spread into Micronesia and Polynesia through the Austronesian expansion (–1500 BCE). Later, it was spread to the Middle East and the Mediterranean () via the incense trade route, and from Europe to the Americas. Renowned for their highly fragrant aromas and complex flavor, citrus are among the most popular fruits in cultivation. With a propensity to hybridize between species, making their taxonomy complicated, there are numerous varieties encompassing a wide range of appearance and fruit flavors. Evolution Evolutionary history The large cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sichuan Pepper
Sichuan pepper (, also known as Sichuanese pepper, Szechuan pepper, Chinese prickly ash, Chinese pepper, Mountain pepper, and ''mala'' pepper, is a spice commonly used in Sichuan cuisine in China, Bhutan and in northeast India. It is called mejenga in Assam, India. It is called thingey (ཐིང༌ངེ༌) in Bhutan and is used in preparing ezay (a side dish similar to chutney), to add spiciness to rice porridge (ཐུགཔ་), ba-thup and noodle (buckwheat noodles similar to soba) and other snacks. It is extensively used in preparing blood sausage throughout Bhutan, Tibet and China. Despite its name, Sichuan pepper is not closely related to black pepper or chili peppers. It is made from a plant of the genus ''Zanthoxylum'' in the family Rutaceae, which includes citrus and rue. When eaten, Sichuan pepper produces a tingling, numbing effect due to the presence of hydroxy-alpha sanshool. The spice has the effect of transforming other flavors tasted together or shortl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Indigenous people in these areas have used and domesticated various species since ancient times. Its cultivation first spread into Micronesia and Polynesia through the Austronesian expansion (–1500 BCE). Later, it was spread to the Middle East and the Mediterranean () via the incense trade route, and from Europe to the Americas. Renowned for their highly fragrant aromas and complex flavor, citrus are among the most popular fruits in cultivation. With a propensity to hybridize between species, making their taxonomy complicated, there are numerous varieties encompassing a wide range of appearance and fruit flavors. Evolution Evolutionary history The large cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplophyllum (plant)
''Haplophyllum'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rutaceae. It is the only genus in the subfamily Haplophylloideae. Its native range is Mediterranean regions to Southern Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ... and Somalia. Species: *'' Haplophyllum acutifolium'' *'' Haplophyllum alberti-regelii'' *'' Haplophyllum amoenum'' *'' Haplophyllum arbuscula'' *'' Haplophyllum armenum'' *'' Haplophyllum bakhteganicum'' *'' Haplophyllum balcanicum'' *'' Haplophyllum bastetanum'' *'' Haplophyllum blanchei'' *'' Haplophyllum boissierianum'' *'' Haplophyllum broussonetianum'' *'' Haplophyllum bucharicum'' *'' Haplophyllum buhsei'' *'' Haplophyllum bungei'' *'' Haplophyllum buxbaumii'' *'' Haplophyllum canaliculatum'' *'' Haplophyllum c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
