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Psydrax
''Psydrax'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees, shrubs, and a few lianas in the Paleotropical Kingdom, paleotropics. Taxonomy The genus was Botanical name, named by Joseph Gaertner in 1788 in his book, ''De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum''. ''Psydrax'' is a Greek language, Greek word meaning a blister or bump. Gaertner may have chosen this name to refer to the warty fruit or the pimply seeds of some species. The Genus#Generic name, name was hardly ever used after Gaertner proposed it because most authors placed these species in ''Canthium''. ''Psydrax'' was reinstated in 1985 and 37 African species were transferred to it from ''Canthium''. The monospecific genus ''Mesoptera'' was also sunk into ''Psydrax''. ''Psydrax'' was shown to be monophyletic in a molecular phylogenetic Research, study. It is closely related to ''Afrocanthium'', ''Cyclophyllum'' and ''Keetia'', genera that have been Segregate (taxonomy), segregated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psydrax Acutiflora
''Psydrax'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees, shrubs, and a few lianas in the paleotropics. Taxonomy The genus was named by Joseph Gaertner in 1788 in his book, ''De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum''. ''Psydrax'' is a Greek word meaning a blister or bump. Gaertner may have chosen this name to refer to the warty fruit or the pimply seeds of some species. The name was hardly ever used after Gaertner proposed it because most authors placed these species in ''Canthium''. ''Psydrax'' was reinstated in 1985 and 37 African species were transferred to it from ''Canthium''. The monospecific genus ''Mesoptera'' was also sunk into ''Psydrax''. ''Psydrax'' was shown to be monophyletic in a molecular phylogenetic study. It is closely related to '' Afrocanthium'', '' Cyclophyllum'' and '' Keetia'', genera that have been segregated from ''Canthium''. Species * '' Psydrax acutiflora'' (Hiern) Bridson * '' Psydrax ammophila'' S.T.Reynolds & R.J.F. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psydrax Odorata
''Psydrax odorata'', known as ''alahee'' in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering shrub or small tree in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. It is native to the Pacific Islands, New Guinea and Australia. Description The species range from in height, has a spread of , and a trunk width of up to . The leaves are glossy green in colour, are up to long and elliptic. The fruits of the plant are quite round, are black in colour and 3/8 wide. Ecology The fruits produce many seeds which are often attacked by the larvae of '' Alucita objurgatella'', a species of the many-plumed moths. Habitat The species can be found growing in dry shrub land and in dry to moist forests at elevations of up to . Uses Native Hawaiians used the very hard wood of ''alahee'' to make ''koi alahee'' (adzes for cutting softer woods such as '' Erythrina sandwicensis''), ''ōō'' (digging sticks), and ''o'' (short spears). A black dye was made from the leaves. See also * List of endemic plants in the Mariana Island ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psydrax Dicoccos
''Psydrax dicoccos'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found from southeast China to tropical Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which .... Botany Commonly known as 'Ceylon box wood' or 'malakafe', it is an unarmed, smooth shrub or more in height. Leaves are extremely variable, ovate, elliptic, ovate or somewhat rounded, 5 to 15 centimeters long, 1.5 to 10 centimeters wide, leathery, shining above, and usually pointed at both ends. Flowers are white, with very slender stalks, 5 to 10 millimeters long, and borne in compressed, short-stalked cymes. Calyx is cut off at the end or obscurely toothed. Corolla is bell-shaped, with a 4- to 6-millimeter tube, and five somewhat pointed lobes. Fruit is rounded, ellipsoid or obovoid, 6 to 10 millimeters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canthium
''Canthium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs and small trees. The leaves are deciduous and the stems are usually thorny. Distribution ''Canthium'' species were predominantly found in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand and the Philippines. A small number of species was found in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Only a limited number of species were found on the African continent, especially in Southern and East Africa. Taxonomy ''Canthium'' was named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1785 in Encyclopédie Méthodique. The name is a latinisation of "kantankara", a Malayalam name from Kerala for ''Canthium coromandelicum''. ''Kantan'' means "shining" and ''kara'' means "a spiny shrub". The biological type for the genus consists of specimens originally described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck as ''Canthium parviflorum''''Canthium'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile but this species is now included in '' Canthium coromandelicum' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyletic
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population), i.e. excludes non-descendants of that common ancestor # the grouping contains all the descendants of that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic'' grouping meets 1. but not 2., thus consisting of the descendants of a common ancestor, excepting one or more monophyletic subgroups. A '' polyphyletic'' grouping meets neither criterion, and instead serves to characterize convergent relationships of biological features rather than genetic relationships – for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, or aquatic insects. As such, these characteristic features of a polyphyletic grouping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science. Biography Early years Hooker was born in Halesworth, Suffolk, England. He was the second son of Maria Sarah Turner, eldest daughter of the banker Dawson Turner and sister-in-law of Francis Palgrave, and the famous botanist Sir William Jackson Hooker, Regius Professor of Botany, Glasgow, Regius Professor of Botany. From the age of seven, Hooker attended his father's lectures at the University of Glasgow, taking an early interest in plant geography, plant distribution and the voyages of explorers like Captain James Cook. He was educated at the High School of Glasgow, Glasgow High School and went on to study med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Henry Harvey
William Henry Harvey, FRS FLS (5 February 1811 – 15 May 1866) was an Irish botanist and phycologist who specialised in algae. Biography Harvey was born at Summerville near Limerick, Ireland, in 1811, the youngest of 11 children. His father Joseph Massey Harvey, was a Quaker and prominent merchant. William started his education at Ballitore School in County Kildare and by the age of 15 had already established algae as his over-riding interest.Papenfuss, G.F. 1976. pp.21–46. Landmarks in Pacific North American Marine Phycology. ''in'' Abbott, I.A. and Hollenberg, G.J. 1976. ''Marine Algae of California''. Stanford University Press, California. After leaving school he joined the family business. Harvey was an authority on algae and bryophytes (mosses), and author of ''A Manual of the British Algae'' (1841), ''Phycologia Britannica'' (4 vols., 1846–51), ''Nereis Boreali-Americana.'' (3 parts 1852–85) and '' Phycologia Australica'' (5 vol., 1858–63). He spent several ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher
Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher (15 November 1757 in Glückstadt, Holstein – 9 December 1830) was a Denmark, Danish surgeon, botanist and professor of anatomy at the University of Copenhagen. Schumacher carried out significant research work in malacology, in other words on molluscs, and described several taxon, taxa. Life Early years (1757-1778) He was born to Joachim Christian Schumacher, a sergeant in the infantry of the Duchy of Schleswig, and his wife, Caroline Magdalene in Glückstadt in present-day Germany. In spite of his family's limited means, he received a good upbringing, and was sent to grammar school in Rendsburg. After confirmation became the apprentice of the regiment surgeon, Mehl, a learned and skilled man, who gave his eager student a thorough introduction to both medicine and botany, thereby waking Schumacher's natural gift for science. By 1773, at the age of 16, his keen efforts got him appointed as a military surgeon with his father's battalion in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
