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Pomors
The Pomors (, ) are an ethnographic group traditionally thought to be descended from Russian settlers (primarily from Veliky Novgorod) living on the White Sea coasts and nearby regions, with their southern boundary marked by a watershed dividing the White Sea basin from river basins that drain southward. They primarily live in Arkhangelsk Oblast. The Pomors are typically considered to be a subgroup of the Russian ethnos. They have historically played a significant role in the Russian development of Siberia. The Pomors engaged in sea mammal hunting, fishing, and trade as part of their livelihood. Etymology The name ''pomor'' is derived from ''pomorye'', the Russian word for coastland, from ''po'' ("by") and ''more'' ("sea"), literally meaning "by the sea". The same root appears in the toponym Pomerania ( Polish: ''Pomorze'') and Armorica (Gaulish: ) and also in the Gaulish ethnonym Morini. History As early as the 12th century, explorers from Novgorod entered the White Sea thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kola Peninsula
The Kola Peninsula (; ) is a peninsula in the extreme northwest of Russia, and one of the largest peninsulas of Europe. Constituting the bulk of the territory of Murmansk Oblast, it lies almost completely inside the Arctic Circle and is bordered by the Barents Sea to the north and by the White Sea to the east and southeast. The city of Murmansk, the most populous settlement on the peninsula, has a population of roughly 270,000 residents. While humans had already settled in the north of the peninsula in the 7th–5th millennium BC, the rest of its territory remained uninhabited until the 3rd millennium BC, when various peoples started to arrive from the south. By the 1st millennium CE only the Sami people remained. This changed in the 12th century, when Russian Pomors discovered the peninsula's rich resources of game and fish. Soon after, the Pomors were followed by the tribute collectors from the Novgorod Republic, and the peninsula gradually became a part of the Novgorodian la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomerania
Pomerania ( ; ; ; ) is a historical region on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea in Central Europe, split between Poland and Germany. The central and eastern part belongs to the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, West Pomeranian, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeships of Poland, while the western part belongs to the German states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg. Pomerania's historical border in the west is the Mecklenburg-Western Pomeranian border ''Urstromtal'', which now constitutes the border between the Mecklenburgian and Pomeranian part of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, while it is bounded by the Vistula River in the east. The easternmost part of Pomerania is alternatively known as Pomerelia, consisting of four sub-regions: Kashubia inhabited by ethnic Kashubians, Kociewie, Tuchola Forest and Chełmno Land. Pomerania has a relatively low population density, with its largest cities being Gdańsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomor Dialects
Pomor dialects () are a group of Northern Russian dialects spoken by the Pomors of the former Arkhangelsk Governorate and northern parts of the Olonets and Vologda Governorates. They are heavily influenced by the Old Novgorod dialect and contain a substantial number of both archaisms and borrowings from Uralic and Scandinavian languages. The Novgorod dialect spoken in Medieval Russia was the predecessor to the Pomor dialects. The Uralic people of Bjarmia changed from their own dialects to Pomor in a five-century-long process, enriching it with some Uralic vocabulary. The Pomor people were involved in trade with Norway, so they borrowed some vocabulary from the North Germanic languages too. During the Soviet period, the Pomors were compelled to shift to standard Russian. Pomor is now a dying form of speech and only a few thousand speakers remain. There is no education in Pomor; so the only way to learn it is by self-study. Most parents teach their children standard Russian and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its mouth into the White Sea. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river and numerous islands of its river delta, delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly founded Saint Petersburg. A Northern Railway (Russia), railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census, the city's population was 301,199. Coat of arms The arms of the city display the Michael (archangel), Archangel Michael in the act of defeating the Devil. Legend states that this victory took place near where the city stands, hence its name, and that Michael still stands watch over the city to prevent the Devil's r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast ( rus, Архангельская область, p=ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It includes the Arctic Ocean, Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea. Arkhangelsk Oblast also has administrative jurisdiction over the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO). Including the NAO, Arkhangelsk Oblast has an area of , it is the largest of List of first-level administrative divisions by area, first-level administrative divisions in Europe. Its population (including the NAO) was 1,227,626 as of the Russian Census (2010), 2010 Census. The classification of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Arkhangelsk, with a population of 301,199 as of the 2021 Census, is the administrative center of the oblast.Charter, Article 5 The second largest city is the nearby Severodvinsk, home to Sevmash, a major shipyard for the Russian N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians
Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavs, Slavic and Ethnic groups in Europe, European nation. Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Polish people, Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia, people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. The vast majority of Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kholmogory, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Kholmogory () is a historic rural locality (a '' selo'') and the administrative center of Kholmogorsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on the left bank of the Northern Dvina, along the Kholmogory Highway, southeast of Arkhangelsk and north of the Antonievo-Siysky Monastery. The name is derived from the Finnish ''Kalmomäki'' for "corpse hill" ("cemetery"). Population: The Kholmogory area was at first in historical times inhabited by the Finno-Ugrians "Zavolochskaya Chud", (i.e. "the Chud ho livebeyond the portage"), known also as Yems in old Novgorod chronicles, and Karelians. The first Slavonic population to enter Kalmamäki were Pomors from Vologda area after 1220. As early as the 14th century, the village (the name of which was then spelled ''Kolmogory'') was an important trading post of the Novgorod Republic in the Far North of Russia. Its commercial importance further increased in 1554 when the English Muscovy Company made it a center of its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kola (town)
Kola (; ; ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, earlier Sowjetunion / since 1991 Russia, located at the confluence of the Kola River, Kola and Tuloma Rivers, south of Murmansk and southwest of Severomorsk. It is the oldest town of the Kola Peninsula. Population: 11,060 (Russian Census (2002), 2002 Census); History The district of Kolo was first attested in Russian chronicles in 1264. The first documented mention of the town itself dates to 1565—''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', pp. 18–19 the area was settled by the Pomors, who built the fort of Kola also called ''Malmus'' (). Over time, Sweden extracted the Kola Peninsula from both Russia and Denmark-Norway in a series of wars and resulting treaties.''A Short History of Finland'', pp. 36–37 However, in the later Treaty of Teusina in 1595, Sweden acknowledged Russian rights in Kola. Claims from Denm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Believers
Old Believers or Old Ritualists ( Russian: староверы, ''starovery'' or старообрядцы, ''staroobryadtsy'') is the common term for several religious groups, which maintain the old liturgical and ritual practices of the Russian Orthodox Church, as they were before the reforms of Patriarch Nikon of Moscow between 1652 and 1657. The old rite and its followers were anathematized in 1667, and Old Belief gradually emerged from the resulting schism. The antecedents of the movement regarded the reform as heralding the End of Days, and the Russian church and state as servants of the Antichrist. Fleeing persecution by the government, they settled in remote areas or escaped to the neighboring countries. Their communities were marked by strict morals and religious devotion, including various taboos meant to separate them from the outer world. They rejected the Westernization measures of Peter the Great, preserving traditional Russian culture, like long beards for men. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bjarmaland
Bjarmaland (also spelled ''Bjarmland'' and ''Bjarmia'') was a territory mentioned in sagas from the Viking Age and in geographical accounts until the 16th century. The term is usually understood to have referred to the southern shores of the White Sea and the basin of the Northern Dvina () as well as, presumably, to some of the surrounding areas. Today, those territories comprise a part of the Arkhangelsk Oblast of Russia, as well as the Kola Peninsula. Norse voyagers in Bjarmaland According to the ''Voyage of Ohthere'' (), the Norwegians, Norwegian merchant Ottar from Hålogaland, Ottar (Ohthere) reported to king Alfred the Great that he had sailed for 15 days along the northern coast and then southwards, finally arriving at a great river, probably the Northern Dvina. At the estuary of the river dwelt the ''Beormas'', who unlike the nomadic Sami peoples were sedentary, and their land was rich and populous. Ohthere did not know their language but he said that it resembled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Sea
The White Sea (; Karelian language, Karelian and ; ) is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of the internal waters of Russia.A. D. Dobrovolskyi and B. S. Zalogi"Seas of USSR. White Sea" Moscow University (1982) (in Russian) Administratively, it is divided between the Arkhangelsk Oblast, Arkhangelsk and Murmansk Oblast, Murmansk oblasts and the Republic of Karelia. The Port of Arkhangelsk, major port of Arkhangelsk is located on the White Sea. For much of Russia's history this was Russia's main centre of international maritime trade, conducted by the Pomors ("seaside settlers") from Kholmogory, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Kholmogory. In the modern era it became an important Soviet Union, Soviet naval and submarine base. The White Sea–Baltic Canal co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
