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Panpulmonata
Panpulmonata is a taxonomic clade of snails and slugs in the clade Heterobranchia within the clade Euthyneura. Panpulmonata was established as a new taxon by Jörger et al. in October 2010. The older name "Pulmonata" referred to a group of euthyneuran gastropods which were considered to be "air-breathers". In contrast, "Opisthobranchia, Opistobranchia" grouped various, mostly marine euthyneuran lineages, often with reduced shell. Phylogenetic analyses have shown that none of these two groups was monophyletic. The former "Pulmonata" should also include several groups that lack an air-filled lung (Acochlidiacea, Sacoglossa and Pyramidelloidea). The name "Pulmonata" also inaccurate when applied to some of the more traditional pulmonate taxa such as Siphonarioidea or Hygrophila (Gastropoda), Hygrophila, most members of which lack permanently air-filled lungs as well. To emphasize the complete change in taxonomic concepts following from the molecular phylogenetic analyses but keep som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pneumopulmonata
Pneumopulmonata is a superorder of Heterobranchia, heterobranch Panpulmonata, pulmonate Gastropoda, gastropods belonging to the subterclass Tectipleura. It was defined based on results of Phylogenomics, phylogenomic studies and named by Krug et al. (2022). The superorder unites all of Panpulmonata except for Sacoglossa. Description Synapomorphy of the group is the presence of a pneumostome. It as established for the taxa comprising all descendants of the last common ancestor shared by Siphonarioidea, Amphiboloidea and Stylommatophora. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Pneumopulmonata. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1586068 on 2024-10-26 It mainly contains clades occurring at the interface between sea and land, in freshwater, and in terrestrial habitats. The following groups are included: * Siphonarioidea * Acochlidiacea * Pylopulmonata ** Amphiboloidea ** Pyramidelloidea ** Glacidorboidea * H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophila (Gastropoda)
Hygrophila is a taxonomic superorder of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the clade Panpulmonata.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Hygrophila. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382243 on 2020-12-14 The families in this clade are basically air-breathing freshwater snails including freshwater limpets. The three families with the greatest number of species are the Lymnaeidae (pond snails), the Planorbidae (ramshorn snails) and the Physidae (pouch or bubble snails). These are found in ponds, creeks, ditches, and shallow lakes nearly worldwide. The snails in this clade have their eyes located at the base of their tentacles, rather than at the tips, as in the true land snails Stylommatophora. They have shells that are thin, translucent, and relatively colorless, and they lack an operculum. Taxonomy 1997 taxonomy In the older taxonomy of the Gastropoda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterobranchia
Heterobranchia, the heterobranchs (meaning "different gill"), is a taxonomic clade of snails and slugs, which includes marine, aquatic, and terrestrial gastropod molluscs. Heterobranchia is one of the main clades of gastropods. Currently Heterobranchia comprises two groups: the opisthobranchs, and the pulmonates. Diversity The two subdivisions of this large clade are quite diverse: * Opisthobranchia are virtually all marine species, some shelled and some not, and comprise about 25 families and 2000 species of the bubble shells, the seaslugs, as well as the sea hares. The internal organs of the opisthobranchs have undergone detorsion (unwinding of the viscera that were twisted during torsion). * The Pulmonata comprises about 20000 species, includes the majority of land snails and slugs, many freshwater snails, and a small number of marine species. The mantle cavity of the Pulmonata is modified into an air-breathing organ. They are also characterized by detorsion a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euthyneura
Euthyneura is a taxonomic infraclass of snails and slugs, which includes species exclusively from marine, aquatic and terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the clade Heterobranchia. Euthyneura are characterised by several autapomorphies, but are named for euthyneury. They are considered to be the most successful and diverse group of Gastropoda. Within this taxon, the Gastropoda have reached their peak in species richness and ecological diversity. This obvious evolutionary success can probably be attributed to several factors. Marine Opisthobranchia, e.g., have evolved several clades specialised on less used food resources such as sponges or cnidarians. A key innovation in the evolution of Pulmonata was the colonization of freshwater and terrestrial habitats.Klussmann-Kolb A., Dinapoli A., Kuhn K., Streit B. & Albrecht C. (2008). "From sea to land and beyond – New insights into the evolution of euthyneuran Gastropoda (Mollusca)". ''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 2008, 8: 57. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacoglossa
Sacoglossa are a superorder of small sea slugs and sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks that belong to the clade Heterobranchia known as sacoglossans. There are 284 valid species recognized within this superorder. Sacoglossans live by ingesting the cellular contents of algae, hence they are sometimes called "sap-sucking sea slugs". Some sacoglossans simply digest the fluid which they suck from the algae, but in some other species, the slugs sequester and use within their own tissues living chloroplasts from the algae they eat, a very unusual phenomenon known as kleptoplasty, for the "stolen" plastids. This earns them the title of the "solar-powered sea slugs", and makes them unique among metazoan organisms, for otherwise kleptoplasty is known only among other euthyneurans and single-celled protists. The Sacoglossa are divided into two clades - the shelled families (Oxynoacea) and the shell-less families (Plakobranchacea). The four families of shelled species are Cylindrobul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyramidelloidea
Pyramidelloidea is a superfamily of mostly very small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks and micromollusks within the clade Panpulmonata. This is a voluminous taxon: above the species level close to 400 named taxa are referred to this gastropod superfamily. Pyramidelloidea has both fossil and recent members. They live as ectoparasites on bivalve molluscs and polychaete worms, and have a sharp, piercing stylet instead of a radula. Distribution This taxon is found worldwide. Taxonomy 1999 taxonomy Taxonomy by Schander, Van Aartsen & Corgan (1999): *Superfamily Pyramidelloidea Gray, 1840 **Family Amathinidae Ponder, 1987 **Family Ebalidae Warén, 1994 - synonym: Anisocyclidae van Aartsen, 1995 **Family Odostomiidae Pelseneer, 1928 ***Subfamily Odostomiinae Pelseneer, 1928 ***Subfamily Chrysallidinae Saurin, 1958 ***Subfamily Odostomellinae Saurin, 1958 ***Subfamily Cyclostremellinae Moore, 1966 **Family Pyramidellidae J. E. Gray, 1840 ***Subfamily Pyramidellina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siphonarioidea
Siphonarioidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing sea snails or false limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Panpulmonata. Distribution The Siphonarioidea are broadly distributed across the globe, however they are known to be the most abundant and species diverse in the warmer temperate to subtropical regions. More specifically, they are found within the southern hemisphere of the Indo-Pacific region. They generally inhabit marine benthic regions, specifically the subtidal zones. Description Siphonarioidea are almost entirely marine organisms, as they have been found to have evolved into despite the terrestrial ecosystems inhabited by their ancestors. They inhabit the subtidal zones of marine ecosystems, and resemble true limpets with their non coiled, conical shells. Siphonarioidea are frequently referred to as "false limpets" due to some distinct differences despite their resemblance to these Patellogastropoda. For example, Siphonariid adults' dorso-ven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acochlidiacea
Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic animal, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These are mostly very small animals, without a Mollusc shell, shell or gills, distinguished by the visceral mass being sharply set off from the rest of the body. Being a small group with only 47 species worldwide known in 2023,MolluscaBase eds. (2021)MolluscaBase. Acochlidiimorpha.Accessed on 2023-02-13. this group has been the subject of active research since 2010, by which date only 32 species were named. These slugs are morphologically and biologically highly aberrant and diverse, comprising a series of unusual characters (e.g. secondary gonochorism, lack of copulatory organs, asymmetric radulae). Most acochlidians live interstitially in marine sands, while some have conquered limnic systems (uniquely within o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platyhedylidae
Platyhedylidae is a family of sacoglossan sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...s in the superfamily Platyhedylidae. This family has no subfamilies. Genera and species There are two genera in the family Platyhedylidae: * '' Gascoignella'' - Jensen, 1985 **Species '' Gascoignella aprica'' - Jensen, 1985 **Species '' Gascoignella jabae'' - Swennen, 2001 **Species '' Gascoignella nukuli'' - Swennen, 2001 * '' Platyhedyle'' - Salwini-Plawen, 1973 - type genus ** Species '' Platyhedyle denudata'' - Salvini-Plawen, 1973 References Gastropod families {{Heterobranchia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acochlidiidae
Acochlidiidae are a taxonomic family of shell-less freshwater gastropods (one of them '' Palliohedyle weberi'' lives in brackish water),Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158: 124-154. . aquatic gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea. 2005 taxonomy Acochlidiidae was classified as the only family within the superfamily Acochlidioidea Küthe, 1935 in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Palliohedylidae was in turn classified as the only family within the superfamily Palliohedyloidea. 2010 taxonomy Schrödl & Neusser (2010) redefined the taxonomy of Acochlidiacea in 2010, placing the family Acochlidiidae in the clade Hedylopsacea Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slugs
Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word ''slug'' is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs (this is in contrast to the common name ''snail'', which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it). Various taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite the superficial similarity in overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is polyphyletic. Taxonomy Of the six orders of Pulmonata, two – the Onchidiacea and Soleolifera – solely comprise slugs. A third group, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
