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Northern Athabaskan Languages
Northern Athabaskan is a geographic sub-grouping of the Athabaskan language family spoken by indigenous peoples in the northern part of North America, particularly in Alaska ( Alaskan Athabaskans), Yukon, and the Northwest Territories. The sprachraum of Northern Athabaskan languages spans the interior of Alaska to the Hudson Bay in Canada and from the Arctic Circle to the Canadian-US border. Languages in the group include Dane-zaa, Chipewyan, Babine-Witsuwitʼen, Carrier, and Slavey;. The Northern Athabaskan languages consist of 31 languages that can be divided into seven geographic subgroups. Classification * Northern Athabaskan ** Southern Alaskan *** Ahtna (also known as Atna, Ahtena, Copper River) **** Central Copper River Ahtna **** Lower Copper River Ahtna **** Mentasta (also known as Upper Ahtna) **** Western Ahtna *** Dena’ina (also known as Tanaina) **** Lower Inlet Dena’ina ***** Outer Inlet ***** Iliamna ***** Inland **** Upper Inlet Dena’ina ** Central ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dene
The Dene people () are an Indigenous group of First Nations who inhabit the northern boreal, subarctic and Arctic regions of Canada. The Dene speak Northern Athabaskan languages and it is the common Athabaskan word for "people". The term ''"Dene"'' has two uses: Most commonly, ''"Dene"'' is used narrowly to refer to the Athabaskan speakers of the Northwest Territories in Canada who form the Dene Nation: the Chipewyan (Denesuline), Tłı̨chǫ (''Dogrib''), Yellowknives (T'atsaot'ine), Slavey (Deh Gah Got'ine or Deh Cho), Sahtu (Sahtúot’ine), and Gwichʼin (Dinjii Zhuh). ''"Dene"'' is sometimes also used to refer to all Northern Athabaskan speakers, who are spread in a wide range all across Alaska and northern Canada. The Dene people are known for their oral storytelling. Location Dene are spread through a wide region. They live in the Mackenzie Valley (south of the Inuvialuit), and can be found west of Nunavut. Their homeland reaches to western Yukon, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deg Xinag
Deg Xinag (Deg Hitan) is a Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the Deg Hitʼan peoples of the GASH region. The GASH region consists of the villages of Grayling, Anvik, Shageluk, and Holy Cross along the lower Yukon River in Interior Alaska. The language is severely endangered; out of an ethnic population of approximately 250 people, only 2 people still speak the language. The language was referred to as Ingalik by Osgood (1936). While this term sometimes still appears in the literature, it is today considered pejorative. The word "Ingalik" is from the Yupʼik Eskimo language: , meaning "Indian". ''(Their Stories of Long Ago)'', a collection of traditional folk tales in Deg Xinag by the elder Belle Deacon, was published in 1987 by the Alaska Native Language Center The Alaska Native Language Center, established in 1972 in Fairbanks, Alaska, is a research center focusing on the research and documentation of the Native languages of Alaska. It publishes grammars, dictionar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaska Language
The Kaska language is an endangered Athabaskan language. Traditionally, Kaska was an oral aboriginal language used by the Kaska Dena people. The Kaska Dene region consists of a small area in the Southwestern part of the Northwest Territories, the Southeastern part of Yukon Territory, and the Northern part of British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that .... The communities that are in the Kaska Dene region are Fort Ware in N.W.T.; Ross River and Watson Lake in Y.T.; Dease Lake, Good Hope Lake, Lower Post, Fireside, and Muncho Lake in B.C. Kaska is made up of eight dialects, all of which have similar pronunciations and expressional terms. The town of Watson Lake was established around the period of the second World War when the Alaska Highway was built in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tahltan Language
Tahltan, Tāłtān, also called Tałtan ẕāke ("Tahltan people language"), dah dẕāhge ("our language") or didene keh ("this people’s way") is a poorly documented and endangered Northern Athabaskan language spoken by 235 of the Tahltan, Tahltan people (also "Nahanni") who live in northern British Columbia around Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, Telegraph Creek, Dease Lake, British Columbia, Dease Lake, and Iskut, British Columbia, Iskut. Tahltan is a critically endangered language.Alderete, John forthcomingOn tone length in Tahltan (Northern Athabaskan). In: Hargus, Sharon and Keren Rice (eds.): ''Athabaskan Prosody''. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Several linguists classify Tahltan as a dialect of the same language as Tagish language, Tagish and Kaska language, Kaska (Krauss and Golla 1981, Mithun 1999). Language revitalization As of May 2013, language researcher Dr. Judy Thompson estimated that there are 30 Tahltan speakers. A new Language and Culture office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagish Language
Tagish is an extinct language spoken by the Tagish or Carcross-Tagish, a First Nations people that historically lived in the Northwest Territories and Yukon in Canada. The name Tagish derives from ''/ta:gizi dene/'', or "Tagish people", which is how they refer to themselves, where is a place name meaning "it (spring ice) is breaking up.Yinka Déné Language Institute. (2006). The Tagish Language. https://www.ydli.org/langs/tagish.htm The language is a Northern Athabaskan language, closely related to Tahltan and Kaska. The three languages are often grouped together as Tahltan-Kaska-Tagish; the three languages are considered dialects of the same language by some.Alderete, J., Blenkiron, A., &Thompson, J. E. (2014). Some notes on stem phonology and the development of affricates in Tahltan (Northern Athabaskan). Ms., Simon Fraser University and Northwest Community College. As of 2004, there was only 1 native fluent speaker of Tagish documented: Lucy Wren (Agaymā/Ghùch Tlâ).Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hän Language
The Hän language (alternatively spelled as Haen) (also known as Dawson, Han-Kutchin, Moosehide) is a Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the Hän Hwëch'in (translated to ''people who live along the river'', sometimes anglicized as ''Hankutchin''). Athabascan refers to the interrelated complexity of languages spoken in Canada and Alaska each with its own dialect: the village of Eagle, Alaska in the United States and the town of Dawson City, Yukon Territory in Canada, though there are also Hän speakers in the nearby city of Fairbanks, Alaska. Furthermore, there was a decline in speakers in Dawson City as a result of the influx of gold miners in the mid-19th century. Hän is in the Northern Athabaskan subgrouping of the Na-Dené language family. It is most closely related to Gwich'in and Upper Tanana. Phonology Consonants The consonants of Hän are listed below with IPA notation on the left, the standard orthography in : Vowels Nasal vowels are marked orthographi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutchone Language
Tutchone is an Athabaskan language spoken by the Northern and Southern Tutchone First Nations in central and southern regions of Yukon Territory, Canada. Tutchone belongs to the Northern Athabaskan linguistic subfamily and has two primary varieties, Southern and Northern. Although they are sometimes considered separate languages, Northern and Southern Tutchone speakers are generally able to understand each other in conversation, albeit with moderate difficulty. Southern Tutchone is spoken in the Yukon communities of Aishihik, Burwash Landing, Champagne, Haines Junction, Kloo Lake, Klukshu, Lake Laberge, and Whitehorse. Northern Tutchone is spoken in the Yukon communities of Mayo, Pelly Crossing, Stewart Crossing, Carmacks, and Beaver Creek. Phonology Northern Tutchone The consonants and vowels of Northern Tutchone and their orthography are as follows: Consonants Vowels Vowels are differentiated for nasalization and high, mid, and low tone. * Nasalized: į ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Tanana Language
Upper Tanana (also known as Tabesna, Nabesna or Nee'aanèegn') is an endangered Athabaskan language spoken in eastern Interior Alaska, United States, mainly in the villages of Northway, Tetlin, and Tok, and adjacent areas of the Canadian territory of Yukon. In 2000 there were fewer than 100 speakers, and the language was no longer being acquired by children. Overview Upper Tanana shows near mutual-intelligibility with neighboring Tanacross but differs in several phonological features. In particular, Upper Tanana has low tone as a reflex of Proto-Athabaskan constriction, where Tanacross has high tone. Upper Tanana also has an extra vowel phoneme and has developed diphthong A diphthong ( ), also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: that is, the tongue (and/or other parts of ...s through loss of final consonants. Traditionall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanacross Language
Tanacross (also Transitional Tanana) is an endangered language, endangered Athabaskan languages, Athabaskan language spoken by fewer than 60 people in eastern Alaska Interior, Interior Alaska. Overview The word Tanacross (from "Tanana Athabaskans, Tanana Crossing") has been used to refer both to a village in eastern Alaska and to an ethnolinguistic group. The modern village of Tanacross, Alaska, Tanacross is accessible by a short access road from the Alaska Highway, and some speakers now reside in the regional center of Tok, Alaska, Tok, located approximately ten miles east of the village on the highway. In addition several speakers now reside in the nearest commercial center of Fairbanks, Alaska, Fairbanks, located two hundred miles downstream from Tanacross village and accessible by all-weather highway. Tanacross is the ancestral language of the Mansfield-Kechumstuk and Healy Lake, Alaska, Healy Lake-Joseph Village bands of Tanana Athabaskans, Tanana Athabaskan people, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Tanana Language
Lower Tanana (also Tanana and/or Middle Tanana) is an endangered language, endangered language spoken in Interior Alaska in the lower Tanana River villages of Minto, Alaska, Minto and Nenana, Alaska, Nenana. Of about 380 Tanana people in the two villages, about 30 still speak the language. As of 2010, “Speakers who grew up with Lower Tanana as their first language can be found only in the 250-person village of Minto.” It is one of the large family of Athabaskan languages, also known as Dené. The Alaskan Athabaskans, Athabaskan (or Dené) bands who formerly occupied a territory between the Salcha River, Salcha and the Goodpaster River, Goodpaster rivers spoke a distinct language that linguists term the Middle Tanana language. Dialects *Toklat area dialect (') *Minto Flats-Nenana River dialect: Minto (') and Nenana (') *Chena River dialect: Chena Village () *Salcha River dialect: Salcha () Vocabulary samples * “man” * “woman” * “my grandfather” * “my grandmo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanana Languages
Lower Tanana (also Tanana and/or Middle Tanana) is an endangered language spoken in Interior Alaska in the lower Tanana River villages of Minto and Nenana. Of about 380 Tanana people in the two villages, about 30 still speak the language. As of 2010, “Speakers who grew up with Lower Tanana as their first language can be found only in the 250-person village of Minto.” It is one of the large family of Athabaskan languages, also known as Dené. The Athabaskan Athabaskan ( ; also spelled ''Athabascan'', ''Athapaskan'' or ''Athapascan'', and also known as Dene) is a large branch of the Na-Dene language family of North America, located in western North America in three areal language groups: Northern, ... (or Dené) bands who formerly occupied a territory between the Salcha and the Goodpaster rivers spoke a distinct language that linguists term the Middle Tanana language. Dialects *Toklat area dialect (') *Minto Flats-Nenana River dialect: Minto (') and Nenana (') *Che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
