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Hassan Rouhani
Hassan Rouhani (; born Hassan Fereydoun, 12 November 1948) is an Iranian peoples, Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is also a sharia lawyer ("Wakil"), academic, former diplomat and Islamic cleric. He served as a member of Iran's Assembly of Experts from 1999 to 2024. He was a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, Expediency Council from 1991 to 2013, and also was a member of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2021. Rouhani was deputy speaker of the fourth and fifth terms of the Parliament of Iran (Islamic Consultative Assembly, Majlis) and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005. In the latter capacity, he was the country's top negotiator with the EU three, UK, France, and Germany, on nuclear program of Iran, nuclear technology in Iran, and has also served as a Shia clergy, Shia Ijtihad#Shia, mujtahid (a senior cleric), and economic trade negotiator. On 7 May 2013, Rouhani r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hujjat Al-Islam
Hujjat al-Islam (, ) is an Islamic honorific title which translates in English to "authority on Islam" or "proof of Islam". The title "Hujjat al-Islam" is given to scholars with a high level of Islamic expertise and Islamic theology. Essentially, one who acquires this title is considered to be a respectful authority to Islam. The person with this title is also able to provide guidance and clarify topics on issues in the Islamic community. The term "Hujjat al-Islam" has different connotation to Sunni Islam, Sunnis and Shia Islam, Shias. Hujjat al-Islam history The title ''Hujjat al-Islam'' has a significant weight within the Islamic community. It offers historical significance, educational purposes and responsibilities, traditional continuation, and ethical guidance. This term, first established in the beginning of Islamic history, used to refer to figures who served as authorities, but now it is used to refer to the scholars who have Islamic knowledge. Individuals with this ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran Province
Tehran province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tehran. Tehran province covers an area of and is located to the north of the central plateau of Iran. It was made a part of the First Region with its secretariat located in Tehran, upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014. The province of Tehran has over 12 million inhabitants and is Iran's most densely populated region. Approximately 86.5 percent reside in urban areas and 13.5 percent in rural areas of the province. History Tehran province has several archeological sites indicating settlements dating back several thousand years. Until 300 years ago, Rey was the most prominent of the cities of the province. However, the city of Tehran rose to become the largest city and capital of Iran by 1778, and since then has been the political, cultural, economic, and commercial nucleus of Iran. Tehran has over 1,500 histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pahlavi Iran
The Imperial State of Iran, officially known as the Imperial State of Persia until 1935, and commonly referred to as Pahlavi Iran, was the Iranian state under the rule of the Pahlavi dynasty. The Pahlavi dynasty was created in 1925 and lasted until 1979, when it was ousted as part of the Islamic Revolution, which ended the Iranian monarchy and established the current Islamic Republic of Iran. The Pahlavis came to power in 1925 with the ascension to the throne of Reza Shah, a former brigadier-general of the Persian Cossack Brigade, and the overthrow of Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last Iranian ruler under the Qajar dynasty. Iran's ''Majlis'', convening as a constituent assembly on 12 December 1925, deposed the young Ahmad Shah Qajar and declared Reza Shah as the new ''shah'' of the Imperial State of Persia. In 1935, Reza Shah asked foreign delegates to use the endonym Iran instead of the exonym Persia when addressing the country in formal correspondence. Reza Shah declared Iran neu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorkheh
Sorkheh () is a city in the Central District of Sorkheh County, Semnan province, Iran, serving as capital of the county. It was the capital of Sorkheh District of Semnan County until its capital was transferred to the village of Lasjerd. Demographics Language Sorkhei, a Semnani dialect and language, is still spoken by some of its inhabitants. Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 9,062 in 2,686 households, when it was capital of Sorkheh District in Semnan County. The following census in 2011 counted 9,711 people in 3,045 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city asf 9,951 people in 3,388 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Sorkheh County and renamed the Central District. Sorkheh became the county's capital. Notable people * Abbas Ali Akhtari, Shia Cleric & Politician * Hassan Rouhani (born 1948), 7th President of Iran * Sahebeh Rouhani (born ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expediency Discernment Council
The Expediency Discernment Council of the System ( ''Majma'-e Tašxis-e Maslahat-e Nezâm'') is an administrative assembly of Iran appointed by the Supreme Leader of Iran, Supreme Leader and was created upon the revision to the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Constitution on 6 February 1988. It was originally set up to resolve differences or conflicts between the Majlis of Iran, Majlis and the Guardian Council, but "its true power lies more in its advisory role to the Supreme Leader." According to Hooman Majd, the Leader "delegated some of his own authority to the council—granting it supervisory powers over all branches of the government" following President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's election in 2005. Members of the council are chosen by the Supreme Leader every five years. History and role By 1987, the legislative process as well as the country's long-term policy formation had come to a standstill due to the doctrinal conflict between radical factions of the Islami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha
Sayyid Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha (Persian: سید محمد موسوی خوئینیها) (born 1945) is an Iranian cleric and secretary general of the reformist Association of Combatant Clerics. He was the founder of the now defunct '' Salam'' and was a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. Biography Khoeiniha was born in Qazvin, Imperial State of Iran, in 1945. However, Mohammad Sahimi gives his birth year as 1938. He moved to Qom to study religion in 1961. There he was educated by Ayatollah Seyyed Mostafa Mohaqiq Damad, and Grand Ayatollahs, including Mohammad Ali Araki and Hossein Ali Montazeri. In 1966, he moved to Najaf, Iraq, and continued his studies under the guidance of Ayatollah Khomenei. His stay in Najaf lasted brief and he returned to Iran in 1967. In 1977, he was arrested by SAVAK. Although he was sentenced to fifteen years in jail, he was freed in the fall of 1978 due to unrest in the country. Following the 1979 revolution he became one of the aide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Center For Strategic Research (Iran)
Center for Strategic Research () is a leading Iranian think tank on strategy issues. It is the research arm of the Iranian state's Expediency Discernment Council. Prof. Mohammad Reza Majidi is the head of center. Before that, the head of organization was Ali Akbar Velayati who replaced former head Hassan Rouhani, the former President of Iran. It was established in 1989. It publishes Foreign Relations Quarterly'''Rahbord'' (Strategy) in Persian and Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs' in English. Departments The CSR has six affiliated departments: * Politics and International Relations Research Department (This department publishes 3 scientific journals: ''Foreign Relations Quarterly, A quarterly Journal of Strategy, Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs).'' * Infrastructure and Production Research Department (This department publishes ''Gozaresh Rahbordi'' (Strategic Report)) * Economic Research Department (This department publishes ''Gozaresh-e Pazhouheshhay-e Eqtesadi'' (Economic Rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advisor To The President Of Iran
Advisor to the President of Iran () is an official appointed by the President of Iran with the responsibility to aid him as a consultant. List Mahmoud Ahmadinejad *Mehdi Kalhor, adviser for the press *Abolfazl Tavakkoli-Bina, adviser for commerce *Mohammad-Reza E'temadian, adviser for commerce * Davoud Danesh-Jafari, adviser for economic affairs * Kazem Vaziri Hamaneh, adviser for oil and gas * Mojtaba Rahmandoust, adviser for the war veteran affairs *Sousan Keshavarz, adviser for education *Brig. Gen. Sattar Vafaei, adviser for fairness and service *Mohammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari, adviser for the youth * Mehdi Chamran, adviser for city councils *Brig. Gen. Mohammad Rouyanian, adviser for fuel transportation *Ali Montazeri, adviser for universities * Ali-Asghar Zarei, adviser for cultural affairs *Mehdi Mostafavi, adviser for Islamic culture and foreign relations * Nasser Biria, adviser for clerical and religious affairs Hassan Rouhani * Hesamodin Ashna, cultural advisor * Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semnan, Iran
Semnan (; ) is a city in the Central District of Semnan County, Semnan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county and the district. The city is on the alluvial fan of the Golrudbar creek in the north-central part of the country, 216 km east of Tehran and 640 km west of Mashhad. With a population of 185,129 people in 2016, Semnan is the hub of the Semnani language, a sub-branch of the Iranian languages spoken to the north. It is home to the Semnani ethnic group. Semnan offers various recreational activities; historical and religious sites; festivals, gardens and parks; and centers of higher education and Semnani culture. The city is the cultural and political capital of Semnan province. The city's main souvenirs are daffodil flowers, Shirmal pastry, Kolüçe cookies, kilim rugs, and shortbread. Etymology There are several theories which seek to explain the origin of the name ''Semnan''. Semnan was an ancient pre-zoroastrian city in which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat And Eslamshahr (electoral District)
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis () is a constituency for the Parliament of Iran encompassing the metropolitan area of Tehran and some of its satellite cities. It has 30 seats, the most among all constituencies nationwide and plays an outsized role in shaping politics nationally, having been described as a "bellwether for elite In political and sociological theory, the elite (, from , to select or to sort out) are a small group of powerful or wealthy people who hold a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, political power, or skill in a group. Defined by the ... sentiment in Iran". The constituency's seats have been the most prestigious in the country because it includes the country's capital city, and has had lively press and voters. Current MPs Elections Since 1980 1st term 2nd term 3rd term 4th term 5th term 6th term 7th term 8th term 9th term 10th term 11th term References {{coord missing, Tehran Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly (), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 2000 Iranian legislative election, 18 February 2000 election. History Islamic Republic of Iran Following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the Senate of Iran was abolished and effectively succeeded by the Guardian Council, maintaining the bicameral structure of the Iranian legislature. In the 1989 constitutional revision, the ''National Consultative Assembly'' was renamed the ''Islamic Consultative Assembly''. Since the Iranian Revolution, the Parliament of Iran has been led by six chairmen. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani served as the inaugural chairman from 1980 to 1989. Subsequently, Mehdi Karroubi held the position in two separate terms (1989–1992 and 2000–2004), followed by Ali Akbar Nategh- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behzad Nabavi
Behzad Nabavi () (born 1941) is an Iranian reformist politician. He served as Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Iran and was one of the founders of the Reformist party Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization. Before his career as a democratic reformist, Nabavi was considered an ideologue of the Iranian Islamic left until conservatives in the 1990s sidelined that force. Early life Nabavi was born in Tehran in 1941. His father was a historian, He graduated from Amir Kabir University of Technology with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in the mid-1960s. He received a master's degree in electrical engineering in 1964. Career and activities Nabavi started his political activity as a guerrilla fighter against the Pahlavi government and served a prison term as a result. He had personally confirmed that when he was arrested in 1972, he had tried suicide by swallowing a cyanide pill, which "fortunately or unfortunately" did not work. During the Islamic Revolutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
