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Espiritu Santo Languages
The Espiritu Santo languages (alternatively Santo languages) are a group of North Vanuatu languages spoken on Espiritu Santo Island in northern Vanuatu. Tryon (2010) considers the Espiritu Santo languages to be a coherent group. Languages Two lists of Espiritu Santo languages from Tryon (2010) and François (2015) are provided below. Tryon (2010) Tryon (2010) recognizes 33 living languages and 2 extinct languages. They are:Tryon, Darrell. 2010. The languages of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. In John Bowden and Nikolaus P. Himmelmann and Malcolm Ross (eds.), ''A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley'', 283-290. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. François (2015) The following list of 38 Espiritu Santo languages is from Alexandre François (2015:18-21). Lynch (2019) John Lynch (2019) proposes the following classification scheme for the Espiritu Santo languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espiritu Santo
Espiritu Santo (, ; ) is the largest island in the nation of Vanuatu, with an area of and a population of around 40,000 according to the 2009 census. Geography The island belongs to the archipelago of the New Hebrides in the Pacific region of Melanesia. It is in the Sanma Province of Vanuatu. The town of Luganville, on Espiritu Santo's southeast coast, is Vanuatu's second-largest settlement and the provincial capital. Roads run north and west from Luganville, but most of the island is far from the limited road network. Around Espiritu Santo lie a number of small islands and islets; among them are: Dany Island, Araki Island, Araki, Elephant Island (Vanuatu), Elephant Island, Sakao Island (Sanma, Vanuatu), Sakao, Lataroa, Lataro, Thion (Vanuatu), Thion, Malohu, Malwepe, Malvapevu, Malparavu, Maltinerava, Oyster Island, Tangoa Island, Tangoa, and Bokissa. Vanuatu's highest peak is the Mount Tabwemasana in west-central Espiritu Santo. History A Spanish East Indies, Spanish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akei Language
Akei, or Tasiriki, is an Oceanic language or dialect spoken in southwestern coastal Espiritu Santo in Vanuatu, centred in the village of Tasiriki. In 1981, it was estimated to have 650 speakers. Names Other names for Akei are Eralado, Ipayato, Lamarakai, Marino, Navaka, Penantsiro, Pilipili, Tasiriki and Wailapa, presumably based on the areas where it is spoken. The alternate name ''Tasiriki'' literally means "small water" ( "water", "small"). Classification Akei is generally described as a language, but also as a dialect of the proposed, lexicostastically defined Southwest Santo language along with Araki, Tangoa, and Wailapa. It has also been described as a dialect chain, with its dialects on either end of the chain not being mutually intelligible with each other. Phonology Akei's vowels are ''a'', ''e'', ''i'', ''o'', and ''u''. Its consonants are ''r'', ''l'', ''k'', '', ''j'', ''t'', ''n'', ''p'', ''mp'', ''b'', ''mb'', ''m'', ''v'', ''s'' and ''z''. However, the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiai Language
Kiai is an Oceanic language spoken by about 450 people in the central highlands of Espiritu Santo island (Sanma Province Sanma is a province located in the Northern part of the nation of Vanuatu, occupying the nation's largest island, Espiritu Santo, which is located approximately 2,500 km northeast of Sydney, Australia. The name Sanma is derived from the ...), in Vanuatu. Name The name ''Kiai'' derives from ''kiai'', meaning "no", due to a trend in the area to name languages based on their word for "no", used as a linguistic shibboleth. The language is called ''vara Kiai'' (from ''vara'' "speech, language"), i.e. 'the language that says ''kiai'' [for ''no'']". The same language has been named Fortsenal, based on the name of the village (locally ''Vorozenale'') where the speakers live. Notes References * Vara Kiai: a Kiai wordlist / Tomas Ludvigson, Auckland [N.Z.] : Dept. of Anthropology, University of Auckland, 1989 * Terry Crowley (linguist), Crowley, T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merei Language
Merei or Malmariv is an Oceanic language spoken in north central Espiritu Santo Island in Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o .... There are two varieties, Tiale, or Malmariv, and Merei, or Lametin. They are mutually intelligible according to a comparison of 234 words, which showed 94.87% cognate similarity. There are an estimated 800 speakers of Malmariv-Merei or Tiale-Lametin. Merei, as well as Tiale, are both spoken by roughly 60% of the children in the villages. The members of the population have a positive attitude towards the threatened language, with Merei being spoken by approximately 400 people as a mother tongue. Chung (2005). There are at least four villages where Merei is spoken, Angoru, Navele, Tombet and Vusvogo. These villages are located between t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farsav Language
Narango (Farsaf, Farsav, Nambel) is an Oceanic language spoken on the south coast of Espiritu Santo Island in Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o .... References Espiritu Santo languages Languages of Vanuatu {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangoa Island
Tangoa is an island in Vanuatu, in the Pacific Ocean. It is located off the southern coast of Vanuatu's largest island Espiritu Santo in Sanma Province. The local inhabitants speak the Tangoa language Tangoa, or Movono, is an Oceanic language or dialect. It is spoken on Tangoa Island off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo in Vanuatu, as well as a few mainland villages opposite Tangoa. In 2015 it was estimated to have 370 speakers, while i .... Education The Teachers' Training Institute (later renamed the Tangoa Training Institute) operated on the island from 1895 to 1970, when the Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu established a Presbyterian Bible College there. This operated from 1971 to 1986, when it merged with the Aulua Theological Training Centre to form the Talua Ministry Training Centre. References Islands of Vanuatu Sanma Province {{Vanuatu-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movono Language
Tangoa, or Movono, is an Oceanic language or dialect. It is spoken on Tangoa Island off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo in Vanuatu, as well as a few mainland villages opposite Tangoa. In 2015 it was estimated to have 370 speakers, while in 2001 it was estimated to have 800. Tangoa may be endangered, with its status described as "shifting". Another source describes language use as vigorous, used among all ages in all domains, although with some code-switching to Bislama. It has largely displaced the moribund Araki language spoken on Araki Island. Classification Tangoa is generally described as a language, but also as a dialect of the proposed, lexicostastically defined Southwest Santo language along with Araki, Akei, and Wailapa.However, Tangoans generally do not understand Araki, which suggests they are not both dialects of a single language. History The first Christian missionaries settled on Tangoa in 1887 and founded the Tangoa Training Institute (in the 1970s it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araki Island
Araki (native name ''Raki'') is a small rocky island with an area of 2.5 km², located 3 miles off the southern shores of Espiritu Santo, which is the largest island in the nation of Vanuatu. It belongs to the archipelago of the New Hebrides in the Pacific region of Melanesia. It is in the Sanma Province of Vanuatu. Population Given its small dimensions, it is not surprising that Araki has always had a low population. Census records as early as 1897 give 103 islanders, while there were 112 in 1989, and 121 in 1999. According to the 2009 census, there were 140. - Government of Vanuatu However, this number does not accurately reflect the number of persons, who really live permanently on Araki: because of sustenance difficulties, many Arakians are force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araki Language
Araki is a nearly extinct language spoken in the small island of Araki, south of Espiritu Santo Island in Vanuatu. Araki is gradually being replaced by Tangoa, a language from a neighbouring island. Name The name ''Araki'' comes from the Tamambo language (with the locative marker ''a-''). Its native name is ''Raki'' . Classification Araki belongs to the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian languages, more specifically the Espiritu Santo group. Current situation Araki was estimated to have 8 native speakers in 2012 with ongoing language shift towards the neighboring language Tangoa. The rest of the island's population have a passive knowledge of Araki, meaning they understand it but have limited ability to speak it. A large portion of the Araki vocabulary, as well as idiosyncratic syntactic and phonetic phenomena of the language have been lost. The pidgin Bislama is also spoken by many speakers of Araki as the country's lingua franca (although it is rarely used in rural areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ande Language
Ande may refer to: Places *Andes *Ande Township (安德镇) in Pidu District, Chengdu, China * Andé, a commune in the Eure department and Haute-Normandie region of France * Andé, Ivory Coast, a town Other uses * Atmospheric Neutral Density Experiment * ANDE (Paraguay), national electric company of Paraguay *Michael Ande (born 1944), German actor * Georges Titre Ande, Congolese bishop See also * And (other) * Andes (other) * Andi (other) ANDi is the first genetically modified rhesus monkey, who was born at Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU) on October 1, 2001. OHSU named the monkey ANDi because it stands for ''iDNA'' spelled backward. Birth circumstances ANDi was born wi ... * Andy (other) * {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aje Language
Amblong is an Oceanic language or dialect spoken on inland southeastern Espiritu Santo Island in Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o ..., in the village of Amblong. The language is probably endangered; children do not tend to learn it. Names The alternate names for Amblong are Varavara and Aje. Classification Amblong is generally classified as a language, but has also been tentatively classified as a dialect of the proposed South-Central Santo language along with Ande and Narango. Selected vocabulary The list below is a selected sample of words in Amblong: References Espiritu Santo languages Languages of Vanuatu Definitely endangered languages {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
