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Erycinae
The Erycinae, also known as the Old World sand boas, are a subfamily of nonvenomous snakes in the family Boidae. Species of the subfamily Erycinae are found in Europe, Asia Minor, Africa, Arabia, central and southwestern Asia, India, Sri Lanka, and western North America. Four genera comprising 18 species are currently recognized as being valid. Description Erycinae is a subfamily of stout-bodied snakes, all of which are competent burrowers. The largest, '' E. johnii'', rarely exceeds in total length (including tail). Most grow to around in total length. They have small eyes and hard, small scales to protect their skin from the grit of sand. A great deal of sexual dimorphism exists, with females generally becoming much larger than males. Erycines have skeletal adaptations to burrowing. The skull is more compact than in the subfamily Boinae. Also, the vertebrae of the tail are increased in size but reduced in number. Distribution and habitat Erycines are found in Southeastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boidae
The Boidae, commonly known as boas or boids, are a family of nonvenomous snakes primarily found in the Americas, as well as Africa, Europe, Asia, and some Pacific islands. Boas include some of the world's largest snakes, with the green anaconda of South America being the heaviest and second-longest snake known; in general, adults are medium to large in size, with females usually larger than the males. Six subfamilies comprising 14-15 genera and 54-67 species are currently recognized. Description Like the pythons, boas have elongated supratemporal bones. The quadrate bones are also elongated, but not as much, while both are capable of moving freely so when they swing sideways to their maximum extent, the distance between the hinges of the lower jaw is greatly increased.Parker, H.W.; Grandison, A.G.C. 1977. ''Snakes – A Natural History''. Second Edition. British Museum (Natural History) and Cornell University Press. 108 pp. 16 plates. LCCCN 76-54625. (cloth), (paper). Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eryx Jaculus
''Eryx jaculus'', known commonly as the javelin sand boa, is a species of snake in the Boidae family. It is the type species of the genus '' Eryx''. Description Scientists from Razi university write describe it as “brownish-green or gray, with darker blotches, belly white or yellowish, uniform or speckled darker” (Rhadi,Pouyani et al.) The species is rather uniform in body thinkness, a trait commonly seen in the Eryx genus. Geographic range ''Eryx jaculus'' is found in Eastern Europe and Balkans, the Caucasus, the Middle East, and North-Africa. In September 2014 the snake was rediscovered in Romania near the Danube after being extinct in the country since 1937, when the last specimen was seen near Cochirleni. In late 2015 the snake was rediscovered near Licata on the south coast of Sicily after not having been officially recorded in Italy for eighty years. The snake has also been found in India, Sri Lanka and Mongolia. The Mongolian name of the snake is “batra” whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rageryx Schmidi
''Rageryx'' is an extinct genus of erycine boid that lived during the Eocene epoch. Distribution ''Rageryx schmidi'' is known from the Messel Formation of Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q132731537 Monotypic prehistoric reptile genera Eocene reptiles of Europe Fossil taxa described in 2021 Boidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eryx Johnii
''Eryx johnii'' is a species of nonvenomous snake in the subfamily Erycinae of the Family (biology), family Boidae. The species is native to Iran, Pakistan, and India. There are no subspecies which are recognized as being valid. Common names include: Indian sand boa,species:John M. Mehrtens, Mehrtens JM (1987). ''Living Snakes of the World in Color''. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . John's sand boa, ''iruthalai nagam'', ''mannuli pambu'', red sand boa, and brown sand boa. www.reptile-database.org. Etymology The Specific name (zoology), specific name, ''johnii'', is in honor of German people, German Natural history, naturalist Christoph Samuel John (1747–1813), who was a missionary in India from 1771 until his death.species:Bo Beolens, Beolens, Bo; species:Michael Watkins, Watkins, Michael; species:Michael Grayson, Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Eryx johnii'', p. 135). Desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Drinker Cope
Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840 – April 12, 1897) was an American zoologist, paleontology, paleontologist, comparative anatomy, comparative anatomist, herpetology, herpetologist, and ichthyology, ichthyologist. Born to a wealthy Quaker family, he distinguished himself as a child prodigy interested in science, publishing his first scientific paper at the age of 19. Though his father tried to raise Cope as a gentleman farmer, he eventually acquiesced to his son's scientific aspirations. Cope had little formal scientific training, and he eschewed a teaching position for field work. He made regular trips to the Western United States, American West, prospecting in the 1870s and 1880s, often as a member of United States Geological Survey, U.S. Geological Survey teams. A personal feud between Cope and paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh led to a period of intense fossil-finding competition now known as the Bone Wars. Cope's financial fortunes soured after failed mining ventures i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonathan A
Jonathan may refer to: *Jonathan (name), a masculine given name Media * ''Jonathan'' (1970 film), a German film directed by Hans W. Geißendörfer * ''Jonathan'' (2016 film), a German film directed by Piotr J. Lewandowski * ''Jonathan'' (2018 film), an American film directed by Bill Oliver * ''Jonathan'' (Buffy comic), a 2001 comic book based on the ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' television series *Jonathan (TV show), a Welsh-language television show hosted by ex-rugby player Jonathan Davies People and biblical figures Bible * Jonathan (1 Samuel), son of King Saul of Israel and friend of David, in the Books of Samuel * Jonathan (Judges), in the Book of Judges * Jonathan (son of Abiathar), in 2 Samuel and 1 Kings Judaism * Jonathan Apphus, fifth son of Mattathias and leader of the Hasmonean dynasty of Judea from 161 to 143 BCE * Rabbi Jonathan, 2nd century * Jonathan (High Priest), a High Priest of Israel in the 1st century Footballers * Jonathan (footballer, born 1991) * Jona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poaching
Poaching is the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights. Poaching was once performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and to supplement meager diets. It was set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers. Since the 1980s, the term "poaching" has also been used to refer to the illegal harvesting of wild plants. In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock, which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle. Stealing livestock, as in cattle raiding, classifies as theft rather than poaching. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 15 enshrines the sustainable use of all wildlife. It targets the taking of action on dealing with poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna to ensure their availability for present ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eryx Muelleri
''Eryx muelleri'', known commonly as Müller's sand boa or the Saharan sand boa, is a species of snake in the family Boidae. The species is endemic to Africa. They are kept fairly regularly in the pet industry due to their docile nature and easy care. Etymology The specific name, ''muelleri'', is in honor of Swiss herpetologist Fritz Müller.Beolens, Bo, Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Gongylophis muelleri'', p. 184). Geographic range ''E. muelleri'' is found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, and Togo.. www.reptile-database.org. Reproduction ''E. muelleri'' is oviparous. Subspecies Two subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominate subspecies. *'' Eryx muelleri muelleri'' *'' Eryx muelleri subniger'' ''Nota bene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eryx Jayakari
''Eryx jayakari'', known commonly as the Arabian sand boa or Jayakar's sand boa, is a species of snake in the family Boidae. The species is endemic to the Arabian Peninsula and Iran where it spends the day buried in the sand. Etymology Both the specific name, ''jayakari'', and one of the common names, Jayakar's sand boa, are in honor of Atmaram Sadashiv Jayakar (1844–1911), an Indian surgeon and naturalist. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Eryx jayakari'', p. 134). Description The Arabian sand boa is a small snake growing to a total length (including tail) of about . The eyes are very small and are located on the top of the head, which has a blunt snout and is wedge-shaped. This snake's colour is yellowish-grey or sandy-brown speckled with white flecks and transversely banded with dark marks. Geographic range The Arabian sand boa is native to the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ovoviviparity
Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, ovivipary, or aplacental viviparity is a "bridging" form of reproduction between egg-laying oviparous and live-bearing viviparous reproduction. Ovoviviparous animals possess embryos that develop inside eggs that remain in the mother's body until they are ready to hatch. The young of some ovoviviparous amphibians, such as '' Limnonectes larvaepartus'', are born as larvae, and undergo further metamorphosis outside the body of the mother. Members of genera '' Nectophrynoides'' and '' Eleutherodactylus'' bear froglets, not only the hatching, but all the most conspicuous metamorphosis, being completed inside the body of the mother before birth. Among insects that depend on opportunistic exploitation of transient food sources, such as many Sarcophagidae and other carrion flies, and species such as many Calliphoridae, that rely on fresh dung, and parasitoids such as tachinid flies that depend on entering the host as soon as possible, the embryos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boinae
The Boinae are a purported subfamily of boas found in Central and South America, as well as the West Indies. In the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), ''Boinae'' is considered an invalid synonym of Boidae. Genera *) Not including the nominate subspecies. T) Type genus. Taxonomy The genera '' Acrantophis'' and '' Sanzinia'' were erroneously synonymized with the genus '' Boa'' by Kluge in 1991. These have now been transferred to the resurrected subfamily Sanziniinae. The genus '' Candoia ''has similarly been transferred to its own subfamily, Candoiinae. See also * List of boine species and subspecies References Further reading * Kluge AG. 1991. Boine Snake Phylogeny and Research Cycles. Misc. Pub. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan No. 178PDFaUniversity of Michigan Library Accessed 8 July 2008. External links BoinaeaZipcodeZoo.com Accessed 14 July 2008. * {{Authority control Extant Paleocene first appearances Snake subfamilies Taxa named by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constriction
Constriction is a method used by several snake species to kill or subdue their prey. Although some species of venomous and mildly venomous snakes do use constriction to subdue their prey, most snakes which use constriction lack venom. The snake strikes at its prey and holds on, pulling the prey into its coils or, in the case of very large prey, pulling itself onto the prey. The snake then wraps one or two loops around the prey, forming a constriction coil. The snake monitors the prey's heartbeat to ascertain it is dead. This can be a physically demanding and potentially dangerous procedure for the snake, because its metabolism is accelerated up to sevenfold and it becomes vulnerable to attack by another predator. Contrary to myth, the snake does not generally crush the prey, or break its bones. However, wild anacondas have been observed to cause broken bones in large prey. Also contrary to prior belief, the snake does not suffocate the victim. Instead, a study of boa cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
