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Discinaceae
The Discinaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi, the best known members of which are the false morels of the genus ''Gyromitra''. Originally erected by Erich Heinz Benedix in 1961, it was found to be a discrete clade in a molecular study of ribosomal DNA by mycologist Kerry O'Donnell in 1997. As of 2008, the family is thought to contain 5 genera and 58 species. As of 2022, the GBIF accepts ''Discina'' (27 spp), '' Gymnohydnotrya'' (4 spp), ''Gyromitra'' (73 spp), '' Hydnotrya'' (52 spp) and '' Maublancomyces'' (1 sp). But calls ''Neogyromitra'' and '' Pseudorhizina'' doubtful. Members in the family Discinaceae are known to have epigeous and hypogeous species, and are characterized by ascomata composed of an inner layer of interwoven hyphae and an outer layer composed of elongated cells arranged perpendicular to its exterior. Discinaceae include species possessing saddle-shaped apothecia and hypogeous truffles. Discinaceae possess cylindrical, 8-spored, tapered asci and as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoverpa
''Pseudoverpa'' is a newly erected genus of post-fire ascomycete fungi in the family Discinaceae. It is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ..., being represented by the single species ''Pseudoverpa anthracobia'' which was Species description, described as new to science in 2018 from recently burned forests on the island of Cyprus. This fungus can resemble a ''Verpa'' species in the field because of its smooth, hollow and distinctly elongated stipe (mycology), stipe, which is attached to the hymenophore, pileus only at the apex. Its cerebriform (brain-like) pileus, brown-pigmented paraphyses and biguttulate cyanophilic Ascospore, spores, are all typical gyromitroid features, however. Because of its carbonicolous ecology and isolated phylogenetic position wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudorhizina
''Pseudorhizina'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi related to the false morels of the genus ''Gyromitra''. The type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ... is '' Pseudorhizina korshinskii'', the genus being erected in 1913. Known as the umbrella false morel, '' P. californica'' is a well-known species of western North America. References Discinaceae Pezizales genera {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discina (fungus)
''Discina'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi related to the false morels of the genus ''Gyromitra''. There are about 20 species in the genus. They bear dish- or cup-shaped fruit bodies. The best known member is the pig ear ('' D. ancilis''), which is deemed edible after thorough cooking, although is viewed with suspicion given its relation to the highly toxic false morels. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Discina'': *'' Discina accumbens'' Rahm (1970) *'' Discina ancilis'' (Pers.) Sacc. (1889) *'' Discina australica'' Cooke (1892) *'' Discina boudieri'' Sacc. (1889) *'' Discina brunnea'' (Underw.) Raitv. (1970) *'' Discina caroliniana'' (Bosc) Eckblad (1968) *'' Discina corticalis'' (P. Karst.) Sacc. (1895) *''Discina disticha DisCina was a French film production and distribution company established in 1938 by Michel Safra and André Paulvé. It reached its peak during the 1940s and early 1950s, remaining active during the Occupation of France. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnohydnotrya
''Gymnohydnotrya'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi related to the false morels of the genus ''Gyromitra ''Gyromitra'' () is a genus of about 18 species of ascomycete fungi. They are a false morel - a frequently toxic mushroom that can be mistaken for edible mushrooms of the genus ''Morchella'' (morels). Taxonomy The name ''Gyromitra'' comes from ...''. References Discinaceae Fungi of Australia Pezizales genera {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyromitra
''Gyromitra'' () is a genus of about 18 species of ascomycete fungi. They are a false morel - a frequently toxic mushroom that can be mistaken for edible mushrooms of the genus ''Morchella'' (morels). Taxonomy The name ''Gyromitra'' comes from ''gyro'' meaning ''convoluted'' and ''mitra'' meaning ''turban''. Analysis of the ribosomal DNA of many of the Pezizales showed the genus ''Gyromitra'' to be most closely related to the genus '' Discina'', and also '' Pseudorhizina'', '' Hydnotrya'', and only distantly related to '' Helvella''. Thus the four genera are now included in the family Discinaceae. Species The genus consists of the following species: * '' Gyromitra accumbens'' Harmaja (1986) * '' Gyromitra apiculatula'' (McKnight) Berthet (1972) * '' Gyromitra arctica'' Vassilkov (1969) * '' Gyromitra bubakii'' Velen. (1922) * '' Gyromitra californica'' (W. Phillips) Raitv. (1965) * '' Gyromitra chirripoensis'' L.D. Gómez (1972) * '' Gyromitra columbiana'' Harmaja (1986) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydnotrya
''Hydnotrya'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi related to the false morels of the genus ''Gyromitra''. There are about 15 species in the genus. A molecular phylogenetic study recovered a species that was described but neglected for 50 years, ''Hydnotrya bailii''. Species *'' Hydnotrya bailii'' *''Hydnotrya cerebriformis'' *''Hydnotrya confusa'' *''Hydnotrya cubispora'' *''Hydnotrya inordinata'' *''Hydnotrya michaelis'' *''Hydnotrya soehneri'' *''Hydnotrya subnix'' *''Hydnotrya tulasnei'' *''Hydnotrya variiformis ''Hydnotrya'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi related to the false morels of the genus '' Gyromitra''. There are about 15 species in the genus. A molecular phylogenetic study recovered a species that was described but neglected for 50 years, ''Hy ...'' References External links * Discinaceae Pezizales genera Taxa named by Christopher Edmund Broome Taxa named by Miles Joseph Berkeley Taxa described in 1846 {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydnotrya Tulasnei
''Hydnotrya tulasnei'' is a species of fungus A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ... belonging to the family Discinaceae. It is native to Europe and Northern America, Japan. References Discinaceae Fungus species {{pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
False Morel
The name false morel is given to several species of mushroom which bear a resemblance to the highly regarded true morels of the genus ''Morchella''. Like ''Morchella'', false morels are members of the Pezizales, but within that group represent several unrelated taxa scattered through the families Morchellaceae, Discinaceae, and Helvellaceae, with the epithet "false morel" most often ascribed to members of the genus ''Gyromitra''. Compared to morels When gathering morels for mushrooms, care must be taken to distinguish them from potentially poisonous lookalikes. A great many morel lookalikes, and even morels themselves are toxic or cause gastrointestinal upset when consumed raw; furthermore, some of them such as ''Gyromitra esculenta'' remain toxic even after conventional cooking methods. Although some false morels can be eaten without ill effect, others can cause severe gastrointestinal upset, loss of muscular coordination (including cardiac muscle), or even death. Incidents o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discina Perlata
''Discina ancilis'', commonly known as pig's ears is a brown to tannish, wrinkled, cup- or ear-shaped fungus, sometimes with short, stout stalk. Taxonomy The spores of ''D. ancilis'' are quite similar to those of mushrooms in the genus ''Gyromitra'', so some mycologists classify it there. Description The cup measures wide, with a disc-like, whitish exterior, and a dark brown to tan interior. The cup is often wrinkled to convoluted, with the edges turned downward. The flesh is brittle. The stipe (when present) is up to long and 3 cm thick; it is whitish to brownish in color. Microscopic characteristics The spores are 25–35 x 11–16 μm, spindle shaped, minutely roughened, with a large central oil drop and two smaller ones at each end. Similar species '' Disciotis venosa'' is more deeply veined, and has smooth spores; it is typically found in deciduous woods. Other similar species of ''Discina'' must be differentiated microscopically. ''Peziza repa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypogeous
Hypogeal, hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous (; ) are biological terms describing an organism's activity below the soil surface. In botany, a seed is described as showing hypogeal germination when the cotyledons of the germinating seed remain non-photosynthetic, inside the seed shell, and below ground.{{cite book, author1=Adrian D. Bell, author2=Alan Bryan, title=Plant Form: An Illustrated Guide to Flowering Plant Morphology, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SM3khPHXhKEC&pg=PA200, year=2008, publisher=Timber Press, isbn=978-0-88192-850-1, page=200 The converse, where the cotyledons expand, throw off the seed shell and become photosynthetic above the ground, is epigeal germination. In water purification works, the hypogeal (or Schmutzdecke) layer is a biological film just below the surface of slow sand filters. It contains microorganisms that remove bacteria and trap contaminant particles. The terms hypogean and hypogeic are used for fossorial (burrowing) and troglobitic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morchellaceae
The Morchellaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Pezizales. According to a standard reference work, the family has contained at least 49 species distributed among four genera. However, in 2012, five genera that produce ascoma that are sequestrate and hypogeous were added. The best-known members are the highly regarded and commercially picked true morels of the genus '' Morchella'', the thimble morels of the genus '' Verpa'', and a genus of cup-shaped fungi '' Disciotis''. The remaining four genera produce the sequestrate fruit bodies. Analysis of the ribosomal DNA of many of the Pezizales showed the three genera ''Verpa'', ''Morchella'', and ''Disciotis'' to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae. Genera '' Costantinella'' (anamorph) '' Disciotis'' (terrestrial) '' Morchella'' (terrestrial) '' Verpa'' (terrestrial) '' Kalapuya'' (hypogeous) '' Imaia'' (hypogeous) '' Leucangium'' (hypogeous) '' Fischerula'' (hypogeous) Descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology (from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ) "form", and λόγος (lógos) "word, study, research") is the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, color, pattern, size), as well as the form and structure of internal parts like bones and organs, i.e., anatomy. This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of the overall structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Fried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
