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Deseadan
The Deseadan () age is a period of geologic time (29.0–21.0 Ma) within the Oligocene epoch of the Paleogene to the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification of South America. It follows the Tinguirirican and precedes the Colhuehuapian age. Etymology The age is named after the Deseado Formation of the Deseado Massif in eastern Patagonia, Argentina. Formations Fossils Correlations The Deseadan South American land mammal age (SALMA) is equivalent to the Arikareean The Arikareean North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 30,600,000 to 20,800,000 years BP, a period of . It is usuall ... in the North American land mammal age (NALMA) and the Harrisonian in the 2000 version of the classification. It overlaps with the Hsandagolian of Asia and the MP 25 zone of Europe, the Waitakian and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agua De La Piedra Formation
The Agua de la Piedra Formation (FAP, Spanish names include ''Estratos de Agua de la Piedra'' and ''Complejo Volcano-sedimentario del Terciario inferior'')Combina et al., 1994, p.418 is a Late Oligocene (Deseadan in the South American land mammal age, SALMA classification) geologic Formation (geology), formation of the Malargüe Group that outcrop, crops out in the southernmost Precordillera and northernmost Neuquén Basin in southern Mendoza Province, Argentina.Agua de la Piedra Formation in the Paleobiology Database The strictly terrestrial tuffs and paleosols of the formation, geologically belonging to Patagonia, have provided a wealth of mammal fossils of various groups at Quebrada Fiera, including ''Mendozahippus, Mendozahippus fierensis'', ''Pyrotherium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fray Bentos Formation
The Fray Bentos Formation is a Deseadan geologic formation of the Paysandú Group in Uruguay and portions of Argentina, corresponding to the Paraná Basin.Bond et al., 1998, p.42Tófalo & Morrás, 2009, p.680 It is composed of calcareous sandstones and siltstones with a pinkish-orange coloration. It outcrops in southwestern Uruguay ( Canelones and Soriano Departments), the central and southeastern part of the province of Corrientes and northeast Entre Ríos. Fossil content The following fossils have been reported from the formation: ;Mammals * '' Argyrohyrax'' * ''Cephalomyidae'' * '' Eopachyrucos'' * '' Fiandraia'' * ''Proborhyaena'' * '' Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi'' * ''Protypotherium'' * '' Scarrittia''''Scarrittia'' at |
South American Land Mammal Age
The South American land mammal ages (SALMA) establish a geologic timescale for prehistoric South American fauna beginning 64.5 Ma during the Paleocene and continuing through to the Late Pleistocene (0.011 Ma). These periods are referred to as ages, stages, or intervals and were established using geographic place names where fossil materials where obtained.Flynn & Swisher, 1995 The basic unit of measurement is the first/last boundary statement. This shows that the first appearance event of one taxon is known to predate the last appearance event of another. If two taxa are found in the same fossil quarry or at the same stratigraphic horizon, then their age-range zones overlap. Background South America was an island continent for much of the Cenozoic, or the "Age of Mammals". As a result, its mammals evolved in their own unique directions, as Australia and Madagascar still have today. Paleogeographic timeline A simplified paleogeographic timeline of South America: * 66 Ma – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinguirirican
The Tinguirirican () age is a period of geologic time (36.0–29.0 Mya (unit), Ma) within the Eocene, Late Eocene and Oligocene, Early Oligocene epochs of the Paleogene, used more specifically within the South American land mammal age, SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Divisaderan and precedes the Deseadan age. Etymology The age is named after the Tinguiririca fauna of the Abanico Formation in Chile. Formations Fossils Correlations References Bibliography ;General * ;Abanico Formation * * * * * * ;Chota Formation * ;Entre-Córregos Formation * ;Gualanday Group * ;Laguna Brava Formation * ;Loreto Formation * * * * ;El Milagro Formation * * ;Otuma Formation * * ;Sarmiento Formation * * * * * * * * * * ;Seca Formation * ;Soncco Formation * {{SALMA Tinguirirican, Oligocene South America Paleogene Chile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dos Bocas Formation
The Dos Bocas Formation is a sedimentary geological formation of the Progreso Basin in southwestern Ecuador. It is dated to the Chattian, about 26 to 24 Ma, (Deseadan in the SALMA classification). Description The formation comprises moderately-sorted, fine to medium sandstones with angular quartz-feldspathic clasts. Conspicuous rounded green grains are probably glauconite, but berthierine cannot be dismissed. The matrix is micritic and volcanogenic, possibly bentonitic. The formation was deposited in an estuarine to mid shelf environment. Fossils of sharks, turtles and the tropical dolphin '' Urkudelphis'' were recovered from the formation. Fossil content The formation has provided fossils of: * '' Carcharocles angustidens'' * '' Urkudelphis chawpipacha'' * Chelonioidea indet. See also * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Ecuador * Bahía Inglesa Formation * Coquimbo Formation * Pisco Formation The Pisco Formation is a geologic formation located in Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magallanes Basin
The Magallanes Basin or Austral Basin is a major sedimentary basin in southern Patagonia. The basin covers a surface of about and has a NNW-SSE oriented shape. The basin is bounded to the west by the Andes mountains and is separated from the Malvinas Basin to the east by the Río Chico-Dungeness High. The basin evolved from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. Rocks within the basin are Jurassic in age and include the Cerro Toro Formation. Three ages of the SALMA classification are defined in the basin; the Early Miocene Santacrucian from the Santa Cruz Formation and Friasian from the Río Frías Formation and the Pleistocene Ensenadan from the La Ensenada Formation. The Magallanes Basin contains most of Chile's coal reserves dwarfing those found in the Arauco Basin or around Valdivia (e.g. Catamutún, Mulpún). Its coals are lignitic to sub-bituminous. Stratigraphy Aysén Basin The northwest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colhuehuapian
The Colhuehuapian age is a period of geologic time (21.0–17.5 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Deseadan and precedes the Santacrucian age. Etymology The age is named after the Colhué Huapí Member of the Sarmiento Formation in the Golfo San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt .... Formations Fossils References Bibliography ;Colhué Huapí Member * * ;Abanico Formation * * * * * * ;Biblián Formation * ;Castillo Formation * * * * * ;Cerro Bandera Formation * * ;Chichinales Formation * * ;Chilcatay Formation * * * * * * * * * * ;Cura-Mallín Group * * * ;Gaiman Formati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisco Basin
Pisco Basin () is a sedimentary basin extending over in southwestern Peru.Solís Mundaca, 2018, p.1 The basin has a 2-kilometre (1.25-mile) thick sedimentary fill, which is about half the thickness of more northern foreland basins in Peru. The oldest known sediments are the Eocene sandstones of the Caballas Formation, while the youngest deposits, the fossiliferous Pisco Formation, date to the Early Pleistocene. In relation to present-day, topography the fill of Pisco Basin makes the upper part of the Coastal Cordillera of southern Peru, the coastal plains, the Ica-Nazca Depression and the Andean foothills. The basin is renowned for hosting various highly fossiliferous stratigraphic units; the Pisco Formation has provided a wealth of marine mammals (including sloths), birds, fish and other groups, as have the Chilcatay, Otuma and Paracas Formations. Stratigraphy Tectonic and sedimentary evolution The basin developed in a setting of extensional tectonics from Eocene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castillo Formation, Venezuela
The Castillo Formation is an Early Miocene (Burdigalian, Colhuehuapian to Santacrucian in the South American land mammal age, SALMA classification) geologic Formation (geology), formation in the Falcón Basin of Venezuela. The formation unconformably overlies the Matatere Formation, Matatere, Misoa Formation, Misoa, El Paují Formation, El Paují and Jarillal Formations.Urbani & Mendi, 2010, p.17 The Castillo Formation is overlain by Quaternary alluvium and in places by the Capadare Formation.Urbani & Mendi, 2010, p.19 The formation, deposited in a calm near-shore lagoonal brackish environment, with possibly fluvial influence, has provided a rich assemblage of fossil crocodylians, turtles, giant sloths and various types of fish. Description The Castillo Formation crops out cover a wide semicircular area that extends through the northwestern Venezuelan states of Falcón and Lara. During Oligocene to Miocene times, the formation formed the northwest to southeast edge of the Falc� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chambira Formation
The Chambira River is a major tributary of the Marañón River, and has been the traditional territory of the Urarina peoples for at least the past 350 years. Located in the Amazon jungle of Peru, otherwise known as the Selva, the Chambira is a tropical waterway with many purposes. There is a huge diversity of plants and animals in this region, which creates a unique ecosystem around the river. Made up of "palm-swamps", the region takes its name from the Chambira palm. Until relatively recently, the Chambira Basin was not a major focus of mapping, either by the Spanish Empire or the Peruvian nation. No major geographical surveys of the Chambira Basin were mounted during the 19th century heyday of exploration, and as a result it remained largely uncharted until the discovery of hydrocarbons in the region in the 1970s. With the subsequent mobilization of indigenous peoples and government-backed neo-liberal legislation, the lands of the Chambira Basin have now been fully mapped. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ucayali Basin
The Ucayali River (, ) is the main headstream of the Amazon River. It rises about north of Lake Titicaca, in the Arequipa region of Peru and becomes the Amazon at the confluence of the Marañón close to Nauta city. The city of Pucallpa is located on the banks of the Ucayali. Description The Ucayali, together with the Apurímac River, the Ene River and the Tambo River, is today considered the main headwater of the ''Amazon River'', totaling a length of from the source of the ''Apurímac'' at Nevado Mismi to the confluence of the Ucayali and Marañón Rivers: *Apurímac River (total length): *Ene River (total length): *Tambo River (total length): * Ucayali River (confluence with Tambo River to confluence with the Marañón): Exploration The Ucayali was first called ''San Miguel'', then ''Ucayali'', ''Ucayare'', ''Poro'', ''Apu-Poro'', ''Cocama'' and ''Rio de Cuzco''. Peru has organised many costly and ably-conducted expeditions to explore it. One of them (1867) claimed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geologic Time
The geologic time scale or geological time scale (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochronology (a scientific branch of geology that aims to determine the age of rocks). It is used primarily by Earth scientists (including geologists, paleontologists, geophysicists, geochemists, and paleoclimatologists) to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history. The time scale has been developed through the study of rock layers and the observation of their relationships and identifying features such as lithologies, paleomagnetic properties, and fossils. The definition of standardised international units of geological time is the responsibility of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), a constituent body of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), whose primary objective is to precisely de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
