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Cytophaga Xylanolytica
''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose.Home - Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02, 2017, from http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/cythu/cythu.home.html ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used. Species The following are some species in ''Cytophaga'': * '' Cytophaga hutchinsonii'' — aerobic cellulolytic soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that ''C. hutchinsonii'' has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes. Species previously classified in ''Cytophaga:'' * '' Flavobacterium psychrophila'' (previously: "Cytophaga psychrophila)" — causes peduncle or cold water disease in Brook tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, Hot spring, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the nitrogen fixation, fixation of nitrogen from the Earth's atmosphere, atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of cadaver, dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Cold Water Disease
Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish. It is caused by the bacterium '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' (previously classified in the genus '' Cytophaga''), a psychrophilic, gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. This bacterium is found in fresh waters with the optimal growth temperature below 13 °C, and it can be seen in any area with water temperatures consistently below 15 °C. Salmon are the most commonly affected species. This disease is not zoonotic. Asymptomatic carrier fish and contaminated water provide reservoirs for disease. Transmission is mainly via horizontal gene transfer, but vertical transmission can also occur. BCWD may be referred to by a number of other names including cold water disease, peduncle disease, fit rot, tail rot and rainbow trout fry mortality syndrome. Causes and Symptoms 250px, The sweetfish which was infected with cold water disease Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gut Flora Bacteria
Gut, GUT or guts may refer to: Anatomy * Abdomen or belly, the region of a vertebrate between the chest and pelvis * Abdominal obesity or "a gut", a large deposit of belly fat * Gastrointestinal tract or gut, the system of digestive organs * Insect digestive system * Lower gastrointestinal tract or guts, the intestines * To "gut" an animal is part of the butchery process Geography and places * Gut (coastal geography), a narrow coastal body of water * Gut (Crișul Alb), a river in Romania * Gut River, Jamaica * Spring Run (West Branch Susquehanna River), also known as The Gut * The Gut (geological feature), a conservation area east of Apsley, Ontario, Canada * RAF Gütersloh, was a Royal Air Force Germany military airfield People * Gut (surname), list of people named ''Gut'' or ''Guts'' Arts, entertainment, and media Film and television * ''Guts'' (2009 film), a Spanish crime drama * ''Guts'' (1999 film), a Dutch comedy * "Guts" (''The Walking Dead''), a season ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative Bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the Crystal violet, crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan gram-negative cell wall, cell wall sandwiched between an inner (Cytoplasm, cytoplasmic) Cell membrane, membrane and an Bacterial outer membrane, outer membrane. These bacteria are found in all environments that support life on Earth. Within this category, notable species include the model organism ''Escherichia coli'', along with various pathogenic bacteria, such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''Chlamydia trachomatis'', and ''Yersinia pestis''. They pose significant challenges in the medical field due to their outer membrane, which acts as a protective barrier against numerous Antibiotic, antibiotics (including penicillin), Detergent, detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytophaga Xylanolytica
''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose.Home - Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02, 2017, from http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/cythu/cythu.home.html ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used. Species The following are some species in ''Cytophaga'': * '' Cytophaga hutchinsonii'' — aerobic cellulolytic soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that ''C. hutchinsonii'' has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes. Species previously classified in ''Cytophaga:'' * '' Flavobacterium psychrophila'' (previously: "Cytophaga psychrophila)" — causes peduncle or cold water disease in Brook tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
False Columnaris Disease
False or falsehood may refer to: *False (logic) In logic, false (Its noun form is falsity) or untrue is the state of possessing negative truth value and is a nullary logical connective. In a truth-functional system of propositional logic, it is one of two postulated truth values, along wi ..., the negation of truth in classical logic * Lie or falsehood, a type of deception in the form of an untruthful statement * False statement, aka a falsehood, falsity, misstatement or untruth, is a statement that is false * false (Unix), a Unix command * ''False'' (album), a 1992 album by Gorefest * Matthew Dear or False (born 1979), American DJ and producer * ''Falsehood'' (1952 film), an Italian melodrama film * ''Falsehood'' (2001 film), an American short film See also * * Anrita, falsehood in Hindu mythology {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytophaga Johnsonae
''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose.Home - Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02, 2017, from http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/cythu/cythu.home.html ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used. Species The following are some species in ''Cytophaga'': * '' Cytophaga hutchinsonii'' — aerobic cellulolytic soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that ''C. hutchinsonii'' has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes. Species previously classified in ''Cytophaga:'' * '' Flavobacterium psychrophila'' (previously: "Cytophaga psychrophila)" — causes peduncle or cold water disease in Brook tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavobacterium Johnsoniae
''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish. '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' causes the bacterial cold water disease on salmonids and the rainbow trout fry disease on rainbow trout. '' F. columnare'' causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes. '' F. branchiophilum'' causes the bacterial gill disease on trout. Another member of this genus, '' F. okeanokoites'' is the original source for the type IIs restriction endonuclease A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or'' restrictase '' is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within molecules known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are one class o ... ''Fok''I, used in Zinc finger nucleases and TALENs. Species who are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salmon
Salmon (; : salmon) are any of several list of commercially important fish species, commercially important species of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the genera ''Salmo'' and ''Oncorhynchus'' of the family (biology), family Salmonidae, native to tributary, tributaries of the North Atlantic (''Salmo'') and North Pacific (''Oncorhynchus'') basins. ''Salmon'' is a colloquial or common name used for fish in this group, but is not a scientific name. Other closely related fish in the same family include trout, Salvelinus, char, Thymallus, grayling, Freshwater whitefish, whitefish, lenok and Hucho, taimen, all coldwater fish of the subarctic and cooler temperate regions with some sporadic endorheic populations in Central Asia. Salmon are typically fish migration, anadromous: they hatch in the shallow gravel stream bed, beds of freshwater headstreams and spend their juvenile fish, juvenile years in rivers, lakes and freshwater wetlands, migrate to the ocean as adults and live like sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columnaris
Columnaris (also referred to as cottonmouth and saddle-back disease) is a disease in fish which results from an infection caused by the Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium '' Flavobacterium columnare''. It was previously known as ''Bacillus columnaris, Chondrococcus columnaris, Cytophaga columnaris'' and ''Flexibacter columnaris''. The bacteria are ubiquitous in fresh water, and cultured fish reared in ponds or raceways are the primary concern – with disease most prevalent in air temperatures above 12–14 °C. Due to the appearance of bacterial clumps, it can be mistaken for a fungal infection. The disease is highly contagious, and the outcome is commonly fatal. It is not zoonotic. Causes Columnaris disease occurs in both wild and farmed freshwater fish and is caused by the bacteria ''F. columnare''. The age of an infected fish impacts the course of the infection. The bacteria usually enter fish through gills, mouth, or small wounds, and is prevalent where high b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavobacterium Columnare
''Flavobacterium columnare'' is a thin Gram-negative rod bacterium of the genus ''Flavobacterium''. The name derives from the way in which the organism grows in rhizoid columnar formations. The species was first described by Davis (1922), and the name was validated by Bernardet and Grimont (1989). ''Flavobacterium columnare'' can be identified in the laboratory by a five-step method that demonstrates: # the ability to grow on a medium containing neomycin and polymyxin B # production of yellow pigmented rhizoid (root-like in appearance) colonies # production of a gelatin-degrading enzyme # binding of Congo red dye to the colony # production of a chondroitin sulfate-degrading enzyme The species has been known previously as ''Flexibacter columnaris'', ''Bacillus columnaris'', and ''Cytophaga columnaris''. ''Flavobacterium columnare'' is one of the oldest known diseases among warm-water fish, and manifests itself as an infection commonly known as columnaris. Infections are the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
