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Cyprinodontoidei
Cyprinodontoidei is a suborder of fishes, one of the two suborders in the order Cyprinodontiformes. The Cyprinodontoidei consists of eleven families which are found in the Americas, the Mediterranean and in Africa, including Madagascar. Classification The Cyprinodontoidei is subdivided into the following families: * Suborder Cyprinodontoidei ** Family Pantanodontidae Myers, 1955 (spine killifishes) ** Family Fundulidae Günther, 1866 (topminnows) ** Family Cyprinodontidae Wagner, 1828 (pupfishes) ** Family Profundulidae Hoedeman & Bronner, 1951 (Middle American killifishes) ** Family Goodeidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (splitfins or goodeids) ** Family Fluviphylacidae Roberts, 1970 (American lampeyes) ** Family Anablepidae Bonaparte, 1831 (four-eyed fish) ** Family Poecilidae Bonaparte, 1831 (livebearers) ** Family Aphaniidae Sethi, 1960 (Oriental killifishes) ** Family Valenciidae Parenti, 1981 (Valencia toothcarps) ** Family Procatopodidae Fowler, 1916 (Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyprinodontiformes
Cyprinodontiformes is an order (biology), order of Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish, comprising mostly small, freshwater fish. Many popular aquarium fish, such as killifish and Poeciliidae, live-bearers, are included. They are closely related to the Atheriniformes and are occasionally included with them. A colloquial term for the order as a whole is toothcarps, though they are not actually close relatives of the true carps – the latter belong to the superorder Ostariophysi, while the toothcarps are Acanthopterygii. The families of Cyprinodontiformes can be informally divided into three groups based on reproductive strategy: Viviparity, viviparous and Ovoviviparity, ovoviviparous (all species give live birth), and Oviparity, oviparous (all species are egg-laying). The live-bearing groups differ in whether the young are carried to term within (ovoviviparous) or without (viviparous) an enclosing eggshell. Phylogeny, Phylogenetically however, one of the two suborders – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantanodontidae
Pantanodontidae, the spine killifishes, is a family of killifish in the suborder Cyprinodontoidei. It is the most basal member of the suborder, being the sister to all other members of the clade. It contains about 13 species in 4 genera which are native to freshwater and estuarine habitats of East Africa, including at least formerly Madagascar. In addition, several fossil members of this group are known to have inhabited Europe. Many species have extremely small ranges and some are likely extinct. The following genera are known: * '' Aliteranodon'' Meinema & Huber, 2023 * '' Eremodon'' Huber & Meinema, 2024 * †'' Malagodon'' Meinema & Huber, 2023 (extinct ca. 1990s) * '' Pantanodon'' G. S. Myers, 1955 The fossil genus †'' Paralebias'' Gaudant, 2013 is known from the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene of Europe. It is sometimes synonymized with '' Pantanodon'', although this was done prior to the splitting up of the genus. ''Paralebias'' itself may be polyphyletic A pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poecilioidea
Poecilioidea is a superfamily of killifish, one of the four superfamilies which make up the suborder Cyprinodontoidei, which is in turn one of the two constituent suborders of the order Cyprinodontiformes. They are found in mainly in the Neotropics north into southern North America with a few species in Africa. Families There are two families with in the superfamily Poecilioidea: * Anablepidae Bonaparte, 1831 * Poeciliidae Poeciliidae are a Family (biology), family of freshwater ray-finned fishes of the order Cyprinodontiformes, the tooth-carps, and include well-known live-bearing aquarium fish, such as the guppy, Poecilia, molly, Platy (fish), platy, and Green swo ... Bonaparte, 1831 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q85793771 Cyprinodontiformes Taxa named by Lynne R. Parenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funduloidea
The ''Funduloidea'' is a superfamily of fishes in the suborder Cyprinodontoidei, one of two suborders which make up the order Cyprinodontiformes. It is one of four superfamilies within the suborder. Families There are three families in the superfamily Funduloidea: * Family Profundulidae Hoedeman & Bronner, 1951 * Family Goodeidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 * Family Fundulidae Fundulidae is the family of topminnows and North American killifishes. Distribution The 46 species are native to North America as far south as Yucatan, and to the islands of Bermuda and Cuba, occurring in both freshwater and marine environment ... Günther, 1866 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q85762296 Cyprinodontiformes Taxa named by Albert Günther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procatopodinae
Procatopodidae, the African lampeyes, is a family of ray-finned fish in the order Cyprinodontiformes. It was formerly treated as a subfamily (Procatopodinae) of the Poecilidae. Despite containing mostly African genera (including ''Pantanodon''), the South American '' Fluviphylax'' was also placed in it as its own tribe. However, more recent studies have found this treatment to be paraphyletic; Pantanodontidae, Fluviphylacidae, and Procatopodidae are their own families distinct from Poecilidae, and the former two are distinct from Procatopodidae as well. Meanwhile, the Aplocheilichthyinae, previously treated as a separate subfamily of Poecilidae, are known to belong to the Procatopodidae. This family is thought to be the sister group to the clade comprising Aphaniidae and Valenciidae. Abstract Subdivisions The family Procatopodidae is divided into two subfamilies and 14 genera: *Subfamily Aplocheilichthyinae Myers 1928 ** ''Aplocheilichthys'' Bleeker, 1863 * Subfamily Procato ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anableps Anableps
''Anableps anableps'', the largescale four-eyes, is a species of four-eyed fish found in fresh and brackish waters of northern South America and Trinidad. This species grows to a length of standard length (SL). This fish can occasionally be found in the aquarium trade. The fish does not actually have four eyes. Instead, each eye is split into two lobes by a horizontal band of tissue, each lobe with its own pupil and separate vision. This allows the fish to see above and below the surface of the water at the same time. This species has been documented to occasionally feed on land. Both sexes exhibit asymmetrical genitalia. Taxonomy The name "''Anableps''" comes from the Greek "ana", meaning "up", and "blepo", meaning "sight" or "glance". This fish was first described in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his ''Systema Naturae''. Linnaeus originally placed the fish in the genus ''Cobitis'', the spiny loaches. A review of fish species from 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithology, ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon. Lucien and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal Lucien Bonaparte (cardinal), Lucien Bonaparte. Life and career Bonaparte was the son of Lucien Bonaparte and Alexandrine de Bleschamp. Lucien was a younger brother of Napoleon I of France, Napoleon I, making Charles the emperor’s nephew. Born in Paris, he was raised in Italy. On 29 June 1822, he married his cousin, Zénaïde Laetitia Julie Bonaparte, Zénaïde, in Brussels. Soon after the marriage, the couple left for Philadelphia in the United States to live with Zénaïde's father, Joseph Bonaparte (who was also the paternal uncle of Charles). Before leaving Italy, Charles had already discovered a Old World warbler, warbler new to science, the moustached warbler, and on the voyage he collected specimens of a new Wilson's storm-petrel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a phylogenetic tree#Rooted tree, rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, Phylogenetic diversity, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a 'key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis, diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poeciliidae
Poeciliidae are a Family (biology), family of freshwater ray-finned fishes of the order Cyprinodontiformes, the tooth-carps, and include well-known live-bearing aquarium fish, such as the guppy, Poecilia, molly, Platy (fish), platy, and Green swordtail, swordtail. The original distribution of the family was the Southeastern United States to north of Río de la Plata, Argentina. Due to release of aquarium specimens and the widespread use of species of the genera ''Poecilia'' and ''Gambusia'' for mosquito control, though, introduced poeciliids can today be found in all tropical and subtropical areas of the world. In addition, ''Poecilia'' and ''Gambusia'' specimens have been identified in hot springs pools as far north as Banff, Alberta. Live-bearing All species in the Poecilidae are live-bearers. Differences are seen in the mode and degree of support the female gives the developing larvae. Many members of the family Poeciliidae are considered to be lecithotrophic (the mother prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyly
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic grouping (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term received currency during the debates of the 1960s and 1970s accompanying the rise of cladistics, having been coined by zoologist Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles), which is paraphyletic with respect to birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles and all descendants of that ancest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyprinodontoidea
Pupfish are a group of small killifish belonging to ten genera of the family Cyprinodontidae of ray-finned fish. Pupfish are especially noted for being found in extreme and isolated situations. They are primarily found in North America, South America, and the Caribbean region. As of August 2006, 120 nominal species and 9 subspecies were known. Several pupfish species are extinct and most extant species are listed. In the U.S., the most well-known pupfish species may be the Devils Hole pupfish, native to Devils Hole on the Nevada side of Death Valley National Park. Since 1995 the Devils Hole pupfish has been in a nearly steady decline, where it was close to extinction at 35–68 fish in 2013. The common name is said to derive from the mating habits of the males, whose activities vaguely resemble puppies at play; Carl L. Hubbs, a prominent ichthyologist and one of the first people to take an interest in them, coined the name after he observed their "playful" circling and tussling, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valencioidea
''Valencia'' is the only genus in the family Valenciidae. ''Valencia'' is a genus of ray-finned fishes. It was formerly grouped into the family Cyprinodontidae, but more recent studies support it being its own family most closely related to the Aphaniidae. Members of this genus are restricted to southern Europe. Taxonomy There are currently three recognized species in ''Valencia'': * '' Valencia hispanica'' (Valenciennes, 1846) (Valencia toothcarp) * '' Valencia letourneuxi'' ( Sauvage, 1880) (Corfu toothcarp) * '' Valencia robertae'' Freyhof, Kärst & Geiger, 2014Freyhof, J., Kärst, H. & Geiger, M. (2014)''Valencia robertae'', a new killifish from southern Greece (Cyprinodontiformes: Valenciidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (4) 013 289-298.'' The Valenciidae were formerly a much more diverse lineage in prehistoric times (Paleogene to mid-Neogene). The following fossil genera are also known: * †'' Aphanolebias'' Reichenbacher & Gaudant, 2003 * � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
