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Cyber Partisans
Cyber Partisans (, ) is a Belarusian decentralized anonymous hacktivist collective emerged in September 2020, known for its various cyber attacks against the authoritarianism, authoritarian Government of Belarus, Belarusian government. The group is part of the broader Belarusian opposition movement. Membership and aims Cyber Partisans consists of a group of Belarusian Information technology, IT workers who Belarusian diaspora, live abroad.Liz SlyThe Belarusian railway workers who helped thwart Russia's attack on Kyiv ''Washington Post'' (April 23, 2022). In an August 2021 interview to Bloomberg, hackers shared some details about themselves: they are 15 people, none of whom are professional hackers; of them, only 3 or 4 perform the hacks, others deal with the analysis of obtained data; and some group members were penetration testers before joining the group. Members are anonymous even to each other. The group describes its activities as ethical hacking, as it goes only against the ...
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Telegram (software)
Telegram, also known as Telegram Messenger, is a Cloud computing, cloud-based, Cross-platform software, cross-platform, social media and instant messaging (IM) service. It was originally launched for iOS on 14 August 2013 and Android on 20 October 2013. It allows users to exchange messages, share media and files, and hold private and group voice or Videotelephony, video calls as well as public Live streaming, livestreams. It is available for Android (operating system), Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, Windows, macOS, Linux, and web browsers. Telegram offers end-to-end encryption in voice and video calls, and optionally in private chats if both participants use a Mobile_device, mobile device. Telegram also has social networking features, allowing users to post Story (social media), stories, create large public groups with up to 200,000 members, or share one-way updates to unlimited audiences in so-called channels. Telegram was founded in 2013 by Nikolai Durov, Nikolai and Pavel ...
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New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive with a respective county. The city is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States by both population and urban area. New York is a global center of finance and commerce, culture, technology, entertainment and media, academics, and scientific output, the arts and fashion, and, as home to the headquarters of the United Nations, international diplomacy. With an estimated population in 2024 of 8,478,072 distributed over , the city is the most densely populated major city in the United States. New York City has more than double the population of Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city.
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BYPOL
The Association of Security Forces of Belarus (), also known as BYPOL, is a Belarusian organization that was created by former employees of law enforcement agencies to counter the Belarusian authorities. The association has channels on YouTube and Telegram (software), Telegram, on which it publishes various videos related to the security forces, and also Doxing, doxes law enforcement officers. The initiative opposes President Alexander Lukashenko, and also does not recognize his legitimacy. Former security officials consider Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya to be president. In June 2023, the BYPOL association split in two organizations. While one continues to operate under the name BYPOL, another association of former employees of law enforcement agencies is called BELPOL. Background On 9 August 2020, after the announcement of the results of the 2020 Belarusian presidential election, presidential election, 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, mass protests began throughout the country. Du ...
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Flag Of Belarus
The national flag of Belarus is an unequal red-green bicolour with a red-on-white ornament pattern placed at the hoist (staff) end. The current design was introduced in 2012 by the State Committee for Standardisation of the Republic of Belarus, and is adapted from a design approved in a May 1995 referendum. It is a modification of the 1951 flag used while the country was a republic of the Soviet Union. Changes made to the Soviet-era flag were the removal of communist symbols – the hammer and sickle and the red star – as well as the reversal of the colours in the ornament pattern. Since the 1995 referendum, several flags used by Belarusian government officials and agencies have been modelled on this national flag. Historically, the white-red-white flag was used by the Belarusian People's Republic in 1918 before Belarus became a Soviet Republic, then by the Belarusian national movement in West Belarus followed by widespread unofficial use during the Nazi occupatio ...
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White-red-white Flag
The white-red-white flag is a historical flag used by the Belarusian Democratic Republic in 1918 before Western Belarus was occupied by the Second Polish Republic and Eastern Belarus was occupied by the Bolsheviks (two years later becoming the Belarusian SSR). The flag was then used by the Belarusian national movement in Western Belarus followed by widespread unofficial use during the German occupation of Belarus between 1941 and 1944, and again after it regained its independence in 1991 until the 1995 referendum. Opposition groups have continued to use this flag, though its display in Belarus has been restricted by the government of Belarus under Alexander Lukashenko, which claims it is linked with Nazi collaboration due to its use by Belarusian collaborators during World War II. The white-red-white flag has been used in protests against the government, most recently the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, and by the Belarusian diaspora. Color scheme History Creation The ...
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Most Wanted List
A most wanted list is a list of criminals and alleged criminals who are believed to be fugitive, at large and are identified as a law enforcement agency's highest priority for capture. The list can alert the public to be watchful, and generates publicity for the agency. History The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was the first agency to create a most wanted list. The FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list was inaugurated on March 14, 1950, at the direction of FBI director J. Edgar Hoover. The idea for the list came from a question asked by a reporter for the International News Service. The reporter asked the FBI to provide names and descriptions of the "toughest guys" that the agency wanted to capture. After observing the high level of public interest generated by the resulting news story, Hoover decided to publish a formal list. Context Collective In the years following the creation of the American initial lists, other law enforcement agencies around the world, representing ...
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Yury Karayeu
Yury Khadzhimuratavich Karayeu (, , Yuriy Karayev, born 21 June 1966) is a Russian-born Belarusian General of ''Militsiya'' and the current governor of the Grodno region since 2025. He was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus from 11 June 2019 to 29 October 2020. He is also a Major General of the Police. Biography Karayeu was born on 21 June 1966 in the capital of North Ossetia, Ordzhonikidze (now Vladikavkaz). He graduated from the Saratov Military Institute of the Interior Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union in 1987 and was sent to serve in Mahiliou, Belarus, then part of the USSR. He was later transferred to an operational regiment stationed in Minsk and spent several months serving in the Southern Caucasus during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. In 1996 or 1997, he graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in Moscow, Russia. In 1999-2009 he served as commander of various police and internal troops units in Babruysk, Homiel ...
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Ministry Of Internal Affairs (Belarus)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus (; ), abbreviated МUS () in Belarusian and MVD () in Russian, is a body of the Government of Belarus, Belarusian Government that is charged with the internal affairs of Belarus. Day to day law enforcement is carried out by the Militsiya (Belarus), Militsiya. The Ministry is also tasked with providing security to state buildings and officials. Organizations such as the Presidential Guard (Belarus), Presidential Guard are under the control of the Ministry. The clearing of landmines is among the tasks of the ministry. History The MVD/MUS has previously operated under the following names: *NKVD of the Belarusian SSR (1933–1946) *Ministry of Security of the Belarusian SSR (1946–1962) *Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Belarusian SSR (1962–1991) *Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (1991–present) Role in political repressions According to human rights groups, the United States, and the Europe ...
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Belarus-1
Belarus 1 () is a state-owned television channel in Belarus. It is the oldest television channel in the country. The channel is on air from 6:00 am to 2:00 am on the next day, in contrast with most public channels in Europe, which broadcast 24-hour programming. It is used to spread propaganda in Belarus. History The channel was launched on 1 January 1956, as the Belarusian branch of the Soviet Central Television, after months of preparation. The first spoken words were "Good evening! Happy New Year. Today, we start our test run." spoken by Tamara Bastun. Broadcasts were initially running for 2–3 hours every evening on Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays. In the 1960s, two-program television was formed (based on the broadcasts of the First Program of Moscow Central Television). Since the mid-60s, its own production of feature and documentary television films began (based on the main editorial office of "Telefilm"). In 1962, with the release of Intervision Network, an exchange of ...
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All-National TV
All-National Television (, Obshchenatsional'noe Televidenie, ONT; , Ahuľnanacyjanaľnaje teliebačannie, ANT) is Belarus's second state-owned television station. Established on 15 February 2002 by decree of the President of Belarus, the station replaced relays of Channel One, and currently broadcasts most of the channel's content. History Since the late 1990s, BTRC began interfering with the broadcasts of Russian channels in Belarus: ORT, RTR, and, from 2000, NTV, due to the fact that these channels could not pay for their retransmission fees. This caused the replacement of Russian commercials with local ones, a cut in airtime (because the Belarusian channels started later and ended earlier than a usual Russian channel), and the removal of certain content due to rights issues. The president announced that a second national channel would be created. Instead of being operated by BTRC, it was going to replace the frequencies of the former ORT relays. ONT was established by ...
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Alexander Lukashenko
Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko (also transliterated as Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Lukashenka; born 30 August 1954) is a Belarusian politician who has been the first and only president of Belarus since the office's establishment in 1994, making him the List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office, current longest-serving European leader. Before embarking on his political career, Lukashenko worked as the director of a state farm (''sovkhoz'') and served in both the Soviet Border Troops and the Soviet Army. In 1990, Lukashenko was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, he assumed the position of head of the interim anti-corruption committee of the Supreme Council of Belarus. In 1994, he won the presidency in the country's 1994 Belarusian presidential election, inaugural presidential election after the adoption of a new Constitution of Belarus, constitution. Lukashenko opposed Shock ...
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2020–2021 Belarusian Protests
The 2020–2021 Belarusian protests were a series of mass Demonstration (political), political demonstrations and protests against the Government of Belarus, Belarusian government and President Alexander Lukashenko. The largest anti-government protests in the history of Belarus, the demonstrations began in the lead-up to and during the 2020 Belarusian presidential election, 2020 presidential election, in which Lukashenko sought his sixth term in office. In response to the demonstrations, a number of relatively small pro-government rallies were held. The protests intensified nationwide after the official election results were announced on the night of 9 August, in which Lukashenko was declared the winner. Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, the main opponent of Lukashenko, rejected the results as falsified and claimed instead to have received 60–70% of the votes. On 14 August, she announced the creation of the Coordination Council (Belarus), Coordination Council, with membership applica ...
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