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Cubozoa
Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e., cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom (poison), venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including ''Chironex fleckeri'', ''Carukia barnesi'', ''Malo kingi'', and a few others, are extremely painful and often fatal to humans. Taxonomy and systematics Historically, cubozoans were classified as an order of Scyphozoa until 1973, when they were put in their own class due to their unique biological cycle (lack of strobilation) and morphology. At least 51 species of box jellyfish were known as of 2018. These are grouped into two Order (biology), orders and eight Family (biology), families. A few new species have since been described, and it is likely that additional undescribed species remain. Cubozoa represents the smallest cnidarian class with approximately 50 species. Class Cubzoa * Order Carybdeida ** Family Alatinidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cubozoan Visual System In Tripedalia Cystophora
Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e., cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including '' Chironex fleckeri'', ''Carukia barnesi'', '' Malo kingi'', and a few others, are extremely painful and often fatal to humans. Taxonomy and systematics Historically, cubozoans were classified as an order of Scyphozoa until 1973, when they were put in their own class due to their unique biological cycle (lack of strobilation) and morphology. At least 51 species of box jellyfish were known as of 2018. These are grouped into two orders and eight families. A few new species have since been described, and it is likely that additional undescribed species remain. Cubozoa represents the smallest cnidarian class with approximately 50 species. Class Cubzoa * Order Carybdeida ** Family Alatinidae ** Family Carukiidae ** Family Carybdeidae ** Fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cnidaria
Cnidaria ( ) is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species of aquatic invertebrates found both in fresh water, freshwater and marine environments (predominantly the latter), including jellyfish, hydroid (zoology), hydroids, sea anemones, corals and some of the smallest marine parasites. Their distinguishing features are an uncentralized nervous system distributed throughout a gelatinous body and the presence of cnidocytes or cnidoblasts, specialized cells with ejectable flagella used mainly for envenomation and capturing prey. Their bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living, jelly-like substance, sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell (biology), cell thick. Cnidarians are also some of the few animals that can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Cnidarians mostly have two basic body forms: swimming medusa (biology), medusae and sessility (motility), sessile polyp (zoology), polyps, both of which are radially symmetrical with mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carybdeidae
''Carybdea'' is a genus of venomous box jellyfish within the family Carybdeidae that currently consists of a total of 8 species. This genus of jellyfish are often found in warm waters around the world in waters such as the Mediterranean Sea, the Pacific Ocean, and off the coast of Africa. Their sting can cause a range of effects depending on the species. These invertebrates will go through both Sexual reproduction, sexual and Asexual reproduction, asexual reproduction as they transform from a polyp to medusa. Carybdea have a box-shaped bell with four tentacles and eye-like sensory structures. There are distinct physical markings that differentiate many species within the genus. While Carybdea use their venom to act as predators, they are also preyed on by turtles and various fish. They feed on plankton, invertebrates, fish, and some crustaceans. Classification Class This genus of venomous box jellyfish is categorized in the class Box jellyfish, Cubozoa. Cubozoans are referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jellyfish
Jellyfish, also known as sea jellies or simply jellies, are the #Life cycle, medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, which is a major part of the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals, although a few are anchored to the seabed by stalks rather than being motile. They are made of an umbrella-shaped main body made of mesoglea, known as the ''bell'', and a collection of trailing tentacles on the underside. Via pulsating contractions, the bell can provide propulsion for animal locomotion, locomotion through open water. The tentacles are armed with cnidocyte, stinging cells and may be used to capture prey or to defend against predators. Jellyfish have a complex biological life cycle, life cycle, and the medusa is normally the sexual phase, which produces planula larvae. These then disperse widely and enter a sedentary #Life cycle, polyp phase which may include asexual budding before reaching sexual maturity. Jellyfish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carukiidae
Carukiidae is a family of box jellyfish within the Cubozoa class. Carukiidae can be easily classified by their lack of cirri clumps inside the cubozoan stomach, as well as the size and the placement of their nematocysts. Carukiidae use nematocysts as a defense mechanism; they releases a venom from the tips of their nematocysts, producing the Irukandji syndrome Irukandji syndrome is a condition that results from envenomation by certain box jellyfish. In rare instances the sting may result in cardiac arrest and death. The most common jellyfish involved is the '' Carukia barnesi'', a species of Irukand .... Even though positions of spines on the shaft of the Carukiidae cause illness, there are areas on the body that do not. The rhopalial niche openings, which discern light, do not incur any illness. The Carukiidae also have non-venomous rhopaliar horns, which are imperceptive in function and located above the rhopalial niches. Irukandji syndrome triggered by Carukiidae requ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironex Fleckeri
''Chironex fleckeri'', commonly known as the Australian box jelly, and nicknamed the sea wasp, is a species of extremely venomous box jellyfish found in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea to Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia and Singapore, the Philippines and Vietnam. It has been described as "the most lethal jellyfish in the world", with at least 64 known deaths in Australia from 1884 to 2021. Notorious for its sting, ''C. fleckeri'' has tentacles up to long covered with millions of cnidocytes which, on contact, release microscopic darts delivering an extremely powerful venom. Being stung commonly results in excruciating pain, and if the sting area is significant, an untreated victim may die in two to five minutes.Biology, 7ed. Campell & Reece The amount of venom in one animal is said to be enough to kill 60 adult humans. Taxonomy ''Chironex fleckeri'' was named after North Queensland toxicologist and radiologist Doctor Hugo Flecker. On January 20, 1955, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chirodropidae
Chirodropidae is a family of Venom (poison), venomous box jellyfish within the class Cubozoa. Like other members of the order Chirodropida, they have branched pedalia (muscular bases at the corners of their cubic umbrella), in contrast to the unbranched pedalia of box jellyfish in the order Carybdeida. Each branch houses its own individual tentacle. Nematocyst composition and type can vary among individuals within this family based on body size and life stage. Like other box jellyfish, chirodropids can be found in coastal and shallow marine areas, but they have also been found to occur at benthic depths. Habitat and Distribution Chirodropida have been reported from a range of tropical, sub-tropical, and mild temperatures localities in the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean commonly found in Japan and Australia close to the coasts which affect the local fishermen, divers, and bathers. The Chirodropida jellyfish family have being seen on the deep coastal reefs.This type of jellyfish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alatinidae
Alatinidae is a family of box jellyfish within class Cubozoa, containing the following genera and species: * '' Alatina'' ** ''Alatina alata'' (Reunaud, 1830) ** '' Alatina grandis'' (Agassiz & Mayer, 1902) ** '' Alatina madraspatana'' (Menon, 1930) ** '' Alatina mordens'' Gershwin, 2005 ynonym of ''A. moseri''ref name=Gershwin2005a> ** '' Alatina moseri'' (Mayer, 1906) ** ''Alatina obeliscus'' (Haeckel, 1880) ** ''Alatina philippina'' (Haeckel, 1880) ** '' Alatina pyramis'' (Haeckel, 1880) ** '' Alatina rainensis'' Gershwin, 2005 ** '' Alatina tetraptera'' (Haeckel, 1880) ** '' Alatina turricola'' (Haeckel, 1880) * ''Manokia'' ** '' Manokia stiasnyi'' (Bigelow, 1938) * ''Keesingia'' ** ''Keesingia gigas ''Keesingia gigas'', the "giant" (Greek ''gigas'') ''Keesingia'', is one of two new species of Irukandji jellyfish, the only one of the genus ''Keesingia'' in the Alatinidae, Alatinid family. Found off the north-west coast of Western Australia, ...'' (Gershwin, 2014) Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carukia Barnesi
''Carukia barnesi'' is an extremely venomous box jellyfish found near Australia. Stings can result in Irukandji syndrome, and this species is commonly known as Irukandji jellyfish, although this name does not distinguish it from other Irukandji jellyfish such as '' Malo kingi''. A mature ''C. barnesi's'' bell is only in height. It has four contractile tentacles, one extending from each bottom "corner" of its bell, ranging in length from . The species was discovered by Jack Barnes of Cairns, Australia. While on an exploration mission aimed at determining the reason for Irukandji syndrome, Barnes allowed himself, a lifeguard, and his 9-year-old son to be stung by the jellyfish. ''Carukia barnesi'' is a soft-bodied marine organism. This species falls within the Medusozoa subphylum and the Cubozoa class. It is a type of "box jellyfish" that is known for producing potent venom and is known for inflicting the Irukandji syndrome. Threat to humans The Irukandji syndrome was first di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carybdeida
Carybdeida is an order of box jellyfish Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e., cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including ' .... It contains five families. They are distinguished from other box jellyfish by possessing unbranched muscular bases at the corners of the cubic umbrella. Most species have four tentacles. References Carybdeida Cubozoa {{Cubozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tripedaliidae
Tripedaliidae is a family of box jellyfish within class Cubozoa. Species * ''Copula'' Bentlage, Cartwright, Yanagihara, Lewis, Richards & Collins, 2010 ** ''Copula sivickisi ''Copula'' is a monotypic genus of box jellyfish in the family Tripedaliidae of the phylum Cnidaria. The only species in the genus is ''Copula sivickisi'', a very small gelatinous, bell-shaped jellyfish with four tentacles that is active only a ...'' (Stiasny, 1926) * '' Tripedalia'' Conant, 1897 ** '' Tripedalia binata'' Moore, 1988 ** '' Tripedalia cystophora'' Conant, 1897 ** '' Tripedalia maipoensis'' References Carybdeida Cnidarian families {{Cubozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiropsellidae
Chiropsellidae is a family of venomous box jellyfish within the class Cubozoa. Genera * '' Chiropsella'' Gershwin, 2006 :* '' Chiropsella bart'' Gershwin & Alderslade, 2007 :* '' Chiropsella bronzie'' Gershwin, 2006 :* '' Chiropsella rudloei'' Bentlage, 2013 :* ''Chiropsella saxoni ''Chiropsella'' is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Chiropsellidae. The species of this genus are found in Australia. Species: *''Chiropsella bart'' *''Chiropsella bronzie'' *''Chiropsella rudloei'' *''Chiropsella saxoni'' Re ...'' Gershwin & Ekins, 2015 * '' Meteorona'' Toshino, Miyake & Shibata, 2015 :* '' Meteorona kishinouyei'' Toshino, Miyake & Shibata, 2015 References Chirodropida Cnidarian families {{Cubozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
