Cryptogyny
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Cryptogyny
Cryptogyny is the recurring phenomenon, throughout history and in most cultures, of hiding women and female references in different spheres of society, especially the most prestigious ones. History To name this practice, the poet and philologist Begonya Pozo and the philologist Carles Padilla, both senior lecturers at the University of Valencia, coined the term 'cryptogyny' and publicly disseminated it for the first time on February 5, 2020, in an article published in a digital diary. On November 27 of the same year, the Valencian Academy of Language approved its incorporation into the Valencian Normative Dictionary. Later, on March 8, 2021, the Basque dictionary Elhuyar Hiztegia included the Basque adaptation . In other languages, such as Spanish and French, although the term has not yet been made official, it has already been used ( and , respectively) in academic fields and on social networks. In France, for example, in the 2021–2022 academic year, an inter-university ...
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Matilda Effect
The Matilda effect is a bias against acknowledging the achievements of women scientists and inventors whose work is attributed to their male colleagues. This phenomenon was first described by suffragist and abolitionist Matilda Joslyn Gage (1826–1898) in her essay, "Woman as Inventor" (first published as a tract in 1870 and later published in the ''North American Review'', retitled "Woman as an Inventor", in 1883). The term ''Matilda effect'' was coined in 1993 by science historian Margaret W. Rossiter. Rossiter provides several examples of this effect. Trotula (Trota of Salerno), a 12th-century Italian woman physician, wrote books which, after her death, were attributed to male authors. Nineteenth- and twentieth-century cases illustrating the Matilda effect include those of Nettie Stevens, Lise Meitner, Marietta Blau, Rosalind Franklin, and Jocelyn Bell Burnell. The Matilda effect was compared to the Matthew effect, whereby an eminent scientist often gets more credit ...
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Launch Of IYA 2009, Paris - Grygar, Bell Burnell Cropped
Launch or launched may refer to: Involving vehicles * Launch (boat), one of several different sorts of boat ** Motor launch (naval), a small military vessel used by the Royal Navy * Air launch, the practice of dropping an aircraft, rocket, or missile from a launch aircraft * Rocket launch, first phase of a rocket flight * Ceremonial ship launching, when a vessel is slid into the water from a slipway Arts and media * ''Launched'' (album), a 2000 album by Beatsteaks * "The Launch" (song), 1999 song * Launch (''Dragon Ball''), a character in ''Dragon Ball'' media *''The Launch'', Canadian musical TV show **''The Launch EP'', the debut EP from the show *Launch Media, creators of ''LAUNCH'' magazine and LAUNCH.com *LAUNCHcast (now known as Yahoo! Music Radio), an Internet radio service Other uses *LAUNCH (Innovation Challenge), a program sponsored by NASA, Nike, USAID and US Department of State *Product launch, the introduction of a new product to market *Soft launch, a preview r ...
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Felícia Fuster
Felícia Fuster i Viladecans (7 January 1921 – 3 March 2012) was a Spanish painter, poet and translator. Born in Barcelona, she moved to Paris in 1951. She was finalist for the Premi Carles Riba in 1984 and Premi Màrius Torres in 1997, and she won the Premi Vicent Andrés Estellés in 1987. Works Poetry * Trilogia: ** ''Una cançó per a ningú i Trenta diàlegs inútils'', Barcelona: Proa, 1984 ** ''Aquelles cordes del vent'', Barcelona: Proa, 1987 ** ''I encara''. València: Eliseu Climent, Eliseu Climent, Editor / Edicions 3i4, 1987 * ''Écume fêlée'' * ''Au bout des os au bout des mots'', 1989. * ''Passarel•les/Mosaïques''. Barcelona: Cafè Central, 1992 * ''Versió original''. València: Germania, 1996 *''Sorra de Temps Absent''. Lleida: Pagès Editors, 1998 * ''Postals no escrites''. Barcelona: Proa, 2001 Prose * "A dins a fora", ''Barceldones''. Barcelona: Edicions de l'Eixample, 1989 Essay * "La poesia japonesa moderna", ''Revista de Catalunya'', 1988 ...
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Feminist Theory
Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or Philosophy, philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's Gender role, social roles, experiences, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, media studies, psychoanalysis,Chodorow, Nancy J., Feminism and Psychoanalytic Theory' (Yale University Press: 1989, 1991) political theory, home economics, Feminist literary criticism, literature, education, and philosophy. Feminist theory often focuses on analyzing gender inequality. Themes often explored in feminist theory include discrimination, objectification (especially sexual objectification), oppression, patriarchy,Gilligan, Carol, 'In a Different Voice: Women's Conceptions of Self and Morality' in ''Harvard Educational Review'' (1977)Lerman, Hannah, ''Feminist Ethics in Psychotherapy'' (Springer Publishing Company, 1990) ...
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Women's History
Women's history is the study of the role that Woman, women have played in history and Historiography, the methods required to do so. It includes the study of the history of the growth of woman's rights, women's rights throughout recorded history, personal achievements over a period of time, the examination of individual and groups of women of historical significance, and the effect that historical events have had on women. Inherent in the study of women's history is the belief that more traditional recordings of history have minimised or ignored the contributions of women to different fields and the effect that historical events had on women as a whole; in this respect, women's history is often a form of historical revisionism, seeking to challenge or expand the traditional historical consensus. The main centers of scholarship have been the United States and Britain, where Second-wave feminism, second-wave feminist historians, influenced by the new approaches promoted by social hi ...
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Misogyny
Misogyny () is hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against Woman, women or girls. It is a form of sexism that can keep women at a lower social status than Man, men, thus maintaining the social roles of patriarchy. Misogyny has been widely practised for thousands of years. It is reflected in art, literature, human societal structure, historical events, mythology, philosophy, and religion worldwide. An example of misogyny is violence against women, which includes domestic violence and, in its most extreme forms, misogynist terrorism and femicide. Misogyny also often operates through sexual harassment, coercion, and psychological techniques aimed at controlling women, and by legally or social exclusion, socially excluding women from full citizenship. In some cases, misogyny rewards women for accepting an inferior status. Misogyny can be understood both as an attitude held by individuals, primarily by men, and as a widespread cultural custom or system. Sometimes misogyny ma ...
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Lexeme
A lexeme () is a unit of lexical meaning that underlies a set of words that are related through inflection. It is a basic abstract unit of meaning, a unit of morphological analysis in linguistics that roughly corresponds to a set of forms taken by a single root word. For example, in the English language, ''run'', ''runs'', ''ran'' and ''running'' are forms of the same lexeme, which can be represented as . One form, the lemma (or citation form), is chosen by convention as the canonical form of a lexeme. The lemma is the form used in dictionaries as an entry's headword. Other forms of a lexeme are often listed later in the entry if they are uncommon or irregularly inflected. Description The notion of the lexeme is central to morphology, the basis for defining other concepts in that field. For example, the difference between inflection and derivation can be stated in terms of lexemes: * Inflectional rules relate a lexeme to its forms. * Derivational rules relate a lex ...
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Carmelina Sánchez-Cutillas I Martínez Del Romero
Carmelina Sánchez-Cutillas i Martínez del Romero (Madrid, 23 June 1921 – Valencia, 22 February 2009) was a Spanish historian, novelist and poet in Catalan language. Winner of the first ''Competition of Valencian Poetry'' of the University of Kentucky, a selection of her poem book ''Un món rebel'' ''(A rebel world'') was translated into English in 1969. References

Writers from the Valencian Community 1921 births 2009 deaths Writers from Madrid 20th-century Spanish historians {{Catalonia-poet-stub ...
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Catalan Literature
Catalan literature (or Valencian literature) is the name conventionally used to refer to literature written in the Catalan language. The focus of this article is not just the literature of Catalonia, but literature written in Catalan from anywhere, so that it includes writers from Andorra, the Valencian Community, Balearic Islands and other territories where any Catalan variant is spoken. The Catalan literary tradition is extensive, starting in the early Middle Ages. A Romantic revivalist movement of the 19th century, Renaixença, classified Catalan literature in periods. The centuries long chapter known as ''Decadència'' that followed the golden age of Valencian literature, was perceived as extremely poor and lacking literary works of quality. Further attempts to explain why this happened (see History of Catalonia) have motivated new critical studies of the period, and nowadays a revalorisation of this early modern age is taking place. Catalan literature reemerged in the 19th ...
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Cultures
Culture ( ) is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and Social norm, norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, Social norm, customs, capabilities, Attitude (psychology), attitudes, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tylor, Edward. (1871). ''Primitive Culture''. Vol 1. New York: J. P. Putnam's Son Culture often originates from or is attributed to a specific region or location. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across societies. A cultural norm codifies acceptable conduct in society; it serves as a guideline for behavior, dress, language, and demeanor in a situation, which serves as a template for expectations in a social group. Accepting only a monoculturalism, monoculture in a social group can bear risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of functional respo ...
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Valencian Academy Of Language
Valencian can refer to: * Something related to the Valencian Community ( Valencian Country) in Spain * Something related to the city of Valencia * Something related to the province of Valencia in Spain * Something related to the old Kingdom of Valencia * The Valencian language, commonly regarded as a variety of the Catalan language * Valencians Valencians ( ; ) are the native people of the Valencian Community, in eastern Spain. Since 2006, the Valencian people are officially recognised in the Valencian Statute of Autonomy as a ''nationality'' "within the unity of the Spanish nation". ..., the natives of the Valencian Community {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ...
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University Of Valencia
The University of Valencia ( ), shortened to UV, is a public research university in Valencia, Spain. It is one of the oldest universities in Spain, and the oldest in the Valencian Community. It is regarded as one of Spain's leading academic institutions. The university was founded in 1499, and currently has around 55,000 students. Most of the courses are taught in Spanish, however their plan is to increase the number of courses available in Valencian and English as well. It is located in the Mediterranean Spanish baseline, in the city of Valencia which is the capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain, with a population of 829,705 in 2014. One of its campuses is located in the metropolitan area of Valencia, in the municipalities of Burjassot and Paterna. The current chancellor is María Vicenta Mestre Escrivá. History At the request of James I the Conqueror, Pope Innocent IV in 1246 authorized (by a Bull) ...
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