Crunk (other)
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Crunk (other)
Crunk is a subgenre of Southern hip-hop that emerged in the early 1990s and gained mainstream success during the early to mid 2000s. Crunk is often up-tempo and one of Southern hip hop's more nightclub-oriented subgenres. Distinguishing itself with other Southern hip hop subgenres, crunk is marked and characterized by its energetic accelerated musical tempo, club appeal, recurrent chants frequently executed in a call and response manner, multilayered synths, its pronounced reliance on resounding 808 basslines, and rudimentary musical arrangement. An archetypal crunk track frequently uses a dominant groove composed of a nuanced utilization of intricately multilayered keyboard synthesizers organized in a recurring pattern, seamlessly shifting from a lower to a higher pitch that encompasses the song's primary central rhythm, both in terms of its harmonic and melodic aspects. The main groove is then wrapped up with looped, stripped-down, and crisp 808 dance claps and manipulated snare ...
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Southern Hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music. The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast hip-hop and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre. History Throughout ...
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African-American Vernacular English
African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) is the variety of English natively spoken, particularly in urban communities, by most working- and middle-class African Americans and some Black Canadians. Having its own unique grammatical, vocabulary, and accent features, AAVE is employed by middle-class Black Americans as the more informal and casual end of a sociolinguistic continuum. However, in formal speaking contexts, speakers tend to switch to more standard English grammar and vocabulary, usually while retaining elements of the vernacular (non-standard) accent. AAVE is widespread throughout the United States, but is not the native dialect of all African Americans, nor are all of its speakers African American. Like most varieties of African-American English, African-American Vernacular English shares a large portion of its grammar and phonology with the regional dialects of the Southern United States, and especially older Southern American English, due to the hist ...
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Lil Jon
Jonathan H. Smith (born January 17, 1971), better known by his stage name Lil Jon, is an American rapper, DJ, and record producer. Regarded as a progenitor of the club-oriented hip-hop subgenre crunk, his production and voice presence were instrumental in the genre's commercial breakthrough in the early 2000s. He was also the front man of the group Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz, with whom he has released five albums. Having been credited on most crunk releases throughout the 2000s, Lil Jon produced several of the genre's Billboard Hot 100, ''Billboard'' Hot 100 hits including "Salt Shaker (song), Salt Shaker" by Ying Yang Twins, "Cyclone (song), Cyclone" by Baby Bash, "Damn! (song), Damn!" by YoungBloodZ, "Freek-a-Leek" by Petey Pablo, "Goodies (song), Goodies" by Ciara, and "Yeah! (Usher song), Yeah!" by Usher (musician), Usher. The latter won Lil Jon a Grammy Award for Best Melodic Rap Performance, Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Performance as part of his five Grammy Awards, Gr ...
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Tommy Wright III
Tommy Wright III (born May 6, 1976 in Memphis, Tennessee) is an American rapper and hip hop producer. He began rapping in Memphis during the 1990s and is considered to be an early pioneer for fast-paced rap and trap production in South Memphis. Musical career Growing up in Memphis, Wright began producing music using four-track recording equipment. Between 1992 and 2001, he released five self-produced solo albums, one with N.O.D., and two more with group Ten Wanted Men. Wright owned, operated and produced the entirety of Street Smart Record's discography and previewed – if possibly never distributed – a street documentary, ''Behind Closed Doors'', for which a soundtrack was also created. Wright is acclaimed as one of the earliest figures of the Memphis rap sound, paving way to the early sound that groups like Three 6 Mafia would be recognized for. Resurgence Despite stepping back from the music industry after 2001's ''Behind Closed Doors (Da Soundtrack)'', Wright maintain ...
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Underground Hip-hop
Underground hip hop (also known as underground rap or simply underground) traditionally refers to hip hop music that is outside the general mainstream canon or counter-cultural in nature, usually with a heavy emphasis on emotion, lyricism, and/or social consciousness. Being outside of the mainstream, it is common for artists or songs that are considered "underground" to have little commercial success, though this is not a requirement, as many have gained massive followings, especially in the streaming era. In recent years, the term has also been used to refer to hip hop subgenres that incorporate themes of trap, plugg, milwaukee lowend, drill or rage which often feature melodic vocals with heavy use of Auto-Tune (or similar pitch correction tools) with virtually no focus on lyricism or connection to counterculture. Despite little overlap between the traditional and modern definitions, both are still commonly used. "The Underground" also refers to the community of musicians ...
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The End
The End may refer to: Film * ''The End'' (1953 film), a film by Christopher Maclaine * ''The End'' (1978 film), a comedy by Burt Reynolds * ''The End'' (1995 film), a Canadian film of 1995 * ''The End'' (1998 film), a skateboarding documentary * ''The End'', a 1998 short by Joe Wright * ''The End'' (2004 American film), an American film by Kirby Dick * ''The End'' (2004 Indian film), a Tollywood film that received the Sarojini Devi Award for a Film on National Integration * ''The End'' (2007 Hungarian film), a Hungarian film * The End (2007 Canadian film) * ''The End'' (2008 film), a Spanish short starring Samuel Roukin * ''The End'', a 2011 short film starring Angelica Mandy * ''The End'' (2012 film), a Spanish thriller * ''The End'' (2013 film), a film starring Sivan Levy * ''The End'' (2016 film), a French film * '' The End?'', 2017 Italian film * ''The End'' (2024 film), an apocalyptic musical film Games * ''The End'' (video game), a 1980 video game * ''The End'' ...
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Three 6 Mafia
Three 6 Mafia is an American hip-hop group from Memphis, Tennessee, formed in 1991. Emerging as a horror-themed underground hip-hop group, they went on to enjoy mainstream success. The group's 1995 debut album ''Mystic Stylez'' became an influential cult classic. They have released music on independent labels such as Prophet Entertainment and their own Hypnotize Minds label, as well as Relativity Records, Relativity, Loud Records, Loud, and Columbia Records. Two of their albums are RIAA-certified platinum certification, platinum: ''When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1'' (2000) and ''Most Known Unknown'' (2005), with the latter featuring their hit single "Stay Fly". In 2006 the group won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 78th Academy Awards for their song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from the film ''Hustle & Flow''. The group's latest studio album, ''Last 2 Walk'', was released in 2008. Three 6 Mafia's worldwide album sales stand at 5.5 million as of 2016. His ...
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Player's Ball
"Player's Ball" is the debut single from American hip hop duo Outkast. Originally released two weeks prior on the compilation ''A LaFace Family Christmas'', the single was released on November 19, 1993 by LaFace, Arista and RCA, to promote the forthcoming debut album, ''Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik'' (1994). The song itself discusses the nature of living in the South of the United States, and growing up within a hip hop culture. The accompanying music video was directed by Sean "Puff Daddy" Combs. The title refers to a traditional gathering of pimps in Atlanta. The song is referenced at least three times within other songs by the duo, including the final track on the debut album, the title track of the debut album, and a later single, " Elevators (Me & You)". The song peaked at #37 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, making it the highest-charting single from the group's debut album. When Outkast made a guest appearance on ''Martin Martin may refer to: Places Antarctica * Mart ...
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Outkast
Outkast (sometimes written as OutKast) was an American hip-hop duo formed in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1992, consisting of Big Boi (Antwan Patton) and André 3000 (André Benjamin, formerly known as Dré). Widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential hip-hop acts of all time, the duo achieved both critical acclaim and commercial success from the mid-1990s to the early 2000s, helping to popularize Southern hip-hop with their intricate lyricism, memorable melodies, and positive themes, while experimenting with a diverse range of genres such as funk, psychedelia, jazz, and techno. Patton and Benjamin formed Outkast as high school students. They released their debut studio album '' Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik'' in 1994, which gained popularity after its single " Player's Ball" peaked atop the ''Billboard'' Hot Rap Songs chart. The duo further experimented and honed their sound with their second and third albums '' ATLiens'' (1996) and '' Aquemini'' (1998), both of w ...
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Rolling Stone
''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. The magazine was first known for its coverage of rock music and political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine broadened and shifted its focus to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors, and popular music. It has since returned to its traditional mix of content, including music, entertainment, and politics. The first magazine was released in 1967 and featured John Lennon on the cover, and was then published every two weeks. It is known for provocative photography and its cover photos, featuring musicians, politicians, athletes, and actors. In addition to its print version in the United States, it publishes content through Rollingstone.com and numerous international editions. The magazine experienced a rapid ...
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USA Today
''USA Today'' (often stylized in all caps) is an American daily middle-market newspaper and news broadcasting company. Founded by Al Neuharth in 1980 and launched on September 14, 1982, the newspaper operates from Gannett's corporate headquarters in New York City. Its newspaper is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. The paper's dynamic design influenced the style of local, regional, and national newspapers worldwide through its use of concise reports, colorized images, informational graphics, and inclusion of popular culture stories, among other distinct features. As of 2023, ''USA Today'' has the fifth largest print circulation in the United States, with 132,640 print subscribers. It has two million digital subscribers, the fourth-largest online circulation of any U.S. newspaper. ''USA Today'' is distributed in all 50 states, Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico, and an international edition is distributed in Asia, ...
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The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington metropolitan area and has a national audience. As of 2023, the ''Post'' had 130,000 print subscribers and 2.5 million digital subscribers, both of which were the List of newspapers in the United States, third-largest among U.S. newspapers after ''The New York Times'' and ''The Wall Street Journal''. The ''Post'' was founded in 1877. In its early years, it went through several owners and struggled both financially and editorially. In 1933, financier Eugene Meyer (financier), Eugene Meyer purchased it out of bankruptcy and revived its health and reputation; this work was continued by his successors Katharine Graham, Katharine and Phil Graham, Meyer's daughter and son-in-law, respectively, who bought out several rival publications. The ''Post ...
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