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Croix-de-Feu
, logo = Croix de Feu.svg , logo_size = 200px , leader1_title = President , leader1_name = François de La Rocque , foundation = 11 November 1927 , dissolution = 10 January 1936 , successor = French Social Party , headquarters = Rue de Milan, Paris , newspaper = ''Le Flambeau'' , student_wing = ''Groupes Universitaires'' , youth_wing = ''Fils et Filles de Croix-de-Feu'' , wing1_title = Paramilitary wing , wing1 = ''Volontaires Nationaux'' , wing2_title = Woman wing , wing2 = ''Sections Féminines'' , membership_year = 1936 , membership = 15,000 , ideology = French nationalismSocial corporatismProto-fascism , position = Right-wing to far-right , religion = Roman Catholicism , international = , colours = Black , country = France The Croix-de-Feu (, ''Cross of Fire'') was a nationalist French league of the Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Social Party
, logo = French Social Party emblem.svg , leader1_title = President , leader1_name = François de La Rocque , foundation = , dissolution = , predecessor = Croix-de-Feu , headquarters = Rue de Milan, Paris , successor = Republican Social Party of French Reconciliation , newspaper = '' Le Petit Journal''''Le Flambeau'' , membership_year = 1940 , membership = 350,000 , ideology = French nationalismChristian democracyCorporatismPopulismAnti-communism , position = Right-wing , international = , colours = Black , country = France The French Social Party (french: Parti Social Français, PSF) was a French nationalist political party founded in 1936 by François de La Rocque, following the dissolution of his Croix-de-Feu league by the Popular Front government. France's first right-wing mass party, prefiguring the rise of Gaullism after the Second World War, it experienced con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parti Social Français
, logo = French Social Party emblem.svg , leader1_title = President , leader1_name = François de La Rocque , foundation = , dissolution = , predecessor = Croix-de-Feu , headquarters = Rue de Milan, Paris , successor = Republican Social Party of French Reconciliation , newspaper = '' Le Petit Journal''''Le Flambeau'' , membership_year = 1940 , membership = 350,000 , ideology = French nationalismChristian democracy CorporatismPopulism Anti-communism , position = Right-wing , international = , colours = Black , country = France The French Social Party (french: Parti Social Français, PSF) was a French nationalist political party founded in 1936 by François de La Rocque, following the dissolution of his Croix-de-Feu league by the Popular Front government. France's first right-wing mass party, prefiguring the rise of Gaullism after the Second World War, it exp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François De La Rocque
François de La Rocque (; 6 October 1885 – 28 April 1946) was the leader of the French right-wing league the Croix de Feu from 1930 to 1936 before he formed the more moderate nationalist French Social Party (1936–1940), which has been described by several historians, such as René Rémond and Michel Winock, as a precursor of Gaullism. Early life La Roque was born on 6 October 1885 in Lorient, Brittany, the third son of a family from Haute-Auvergne. His parents were General Raymond de La Rocque, commander of the artillery defending the Lorient Naval Base, and Anne Sollier. He entered Saint Cyr Military Academy in 1905 in a class known as "Promotion la Dernière du Vieux Bahut". He graduated in 1907 and was posted to Algeria and the edge of the Sahara and in 1912 to Lunéville. The next year, he was called to Morocco by General Hubert Lyautey. Despite the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, La Roque remained there until 1916 as officer of native affairs, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Nationalism
French nationalism () usually manifests as cultural nationalism, promoting the cultural unity of France. History French nationalism emerged from its numerous wars with England, which involved the reconquest of the territories that made up France. The wars produced a great icon of French nationalism, Joan of Arc. The Catholic religion also played a major role after the Protestant Reformation. French nationalism became a powerful movement after the French Revolution in 1789. Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte promoted French nationalism based upon the ideals of the French Revolution such as the idea of "Liberté, égalité, fraternité, liberty, equality, fraternity" and justified French expansionism and French military campaigns on the claim that France had the right to spread the enlightened ideals of the French Revolution across Europe, and also to expand France into its so-called "natural borders of France, natural borders." Napoleon's invasions of other nations had the effect o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Mitterrand
François Marie Adrien Maurice Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was President of France, serving under that position from 1981 to 1995, the longest time in office in the history of France. As First Secretary of the Socialist Party, he was the first left-wing politician to assume the presidency under the Fifth Republic. Reflecting family influences, Mitterrand started political life on the Catholic nationalist right. He served under the Vichy regime during its earlier years. Subsequently he joined the Resistance, moved to the left, and held ministerial office several times under the Fourth Republic. Mitterrand opposed Charles de Gaulle's establishment of the Fifth Republic. Although at times a politically isolated figure, he outmanoeuvered rivals to become the left's standard bearer in the 1965 and 1974 presidential elections, before being elected president in the 1981 presidential election. He was re-elected in 1988 and remained in office until 1995. Mitterran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice D'Hartoy
Maurice d'Hartoy (1892, Berneville – 1981), whose real name was Mauritius-Lucien Hanot, also known as Lieutenant d’Hartoy, was a soldier, politician and French writer. Injured during World War I, d’Hartoy was first known for his book entitled ''Au front, impressions et souvenirs d'un officier blessé'' (''At the front, impressions and memories of a wounded officer'') (1916). In 1919, he edited ''Le Courrier de Paris'', a literary journal for veterans. On 26 November 1927, he founded the veterans’ association known as Croix-de-Feu. In addition to his militant activity, he wrote several novels, books on literary criticism Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Th ... and biographies of other writers. D'Hartoy was also a French representative at the League of Nations an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Coty
François Coty (born Joseph Marie François Spoturno in Corsica ; 3 May 1874 – 25 July 1934) was a French perfumer, businessman, newspaper publisher, politician and patron of the arts. He was the founder of the Coty perfume company, today a multinational. He is considered the founding father of the modern perfume industry. In 1904, his first success, fragrance ''La Rose Jacqueminot'' launched his career. He soon started exporting perfumes from France, and by 1910 he had subsidiaries in Moscow, London and New York. During the 1917 Russian Revolution, his assets in Moscow, which consisted of stocks and funds were confiscated by the Soviet government, making him a lifelong enemy of Communism. By the end of World War I, his financial success made him one of the richest men in France, allowing him to act as patron of the arts, collect works of art, historic homes and seek to play a political role. In 1922, he gained control of daily newspaper '' Le Figaro''. To check the growt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unions Latines
Unions latines (UL) was an early 20th century fascist Algerian political party. Background Deeply anti-Semitic and xenophobic, the political focus of the extreme right Pied-Noir settlers in Algeria was guided by the unrelenting torrent of violence between them and local Muslim population. In 1871, the Kabyle Revolt had resulted in the slaughter of 2,686 settlers by Berber rebels. This led to repressive measures including reparations, summary executions and laws that stripped tribes of their property rights. By 1920 the legal reforms of 1883 and 1887 had given 2.6 million hectares of Algerian land to Europeans. Impoverished by these reforms, Algerians were forced to work as virtual slave labor on lands now owned by Europeans. They grew more violent under the brutal colonial laws known as the ''Code de l'Indigénat'' under which the legal rights of "citizens" were formally distinguished from "subjects". The Algerian "subjects" were not afforded any right to jury trials. They w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Péan
Pierre Péan (5 March 1938 – 25 July 2019) was a French investigative journalist and author of many books concerned with political scandals. Books, investigations and controversies In 1983 Pierre Péan was the first to break the story of the Great Oil Sniffer Hoax in ''Le Canard enchaîné''. In his 1990 book ''L'Homme de l'ombre'' ("Man of the Shadows"), Péan went into great detail about Jacques Foccart, who was Charles de Gaulle's adviser on African matters, describing him as a man of mystery and yet the most powerful person in the Fifth Republic. As a result of Péan's revelations, Foccart unsuccessfully sued for libel. In 1994, he published ''Une jeunesse française: François Mitterrand'' (''A French Youth: François Mitterrand''). The book is a biography covering the life of François Mitterrand from 1934 to 1947. It became a best-seller, and started a controversy over the ambiguous behaviour of Mitterrand with respect to both Marshal Philippe Pétain and the French Res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Mermoz
Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jean Pierre Polnareff, a fictional character from ''JoJo's Bizarre Adventure'' Places * Jean, Nevada, USA; a town * Jean, Oregon, USA Entertainment * Jean (dog), a female collie in silent films * "Jean" (song) (1969), by Rod McKuen, also recorded by Oliver * ''Jean Seberg'' (musical), a 1983 musical by Marvin Hamlisch Other uses * JEAN (programming language) * USS ''Jean'' (ID-1308), American cargo ship c. 1918 * Sternwheeler Jean, a 1938 paddleboat of the Willamette River See also *Jehan * * Gene (other) * Jeanne (other) * Jehanne (other) * Jeans (other) * John (other) John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Action Française
Action may refer to: * Action (narrative), a literary mode * Action fiction, a type of genre fiction * Action game, a genre of video game Film * Action film, a genre of film * ''Action'' (1921 film), a film by John Ford * ''Action'' (1980 film), a film by Tinto Brass * '' Action 3D'', a 2013 Telugu language film * ''Action'' (2019 film), a Kollywood film. Music * Action (music), a characteristic of a stringed instrument * Action (piano), the mechanism which drops the hammer on the string when a key is pressed * The Action, a 1960s band Albums * ''Action'' (B'z album) (2007) * ''Action!'' (Desmond Dekker album) (1968) * '' Action Action Action'' or ''Action'', a 1965 album by Jackie McLean * ''Action!'' (Oh My God album) (2002) * ''Action'' (Oscar Peterson album) (1968) * ''Action'' (Punchline album) (2004) * ''Action'' (Question Mark & the Mysterians album) (1967) * ''Action'' (Uppermost album) (2011) * ''Action'' (EP), a 2012 EP by NU'EST * ''Action'', a 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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