Critical Value
Critical value or threshold value can refer to: * A quantitative threshold in medicine, chemistry and physics * Critical value (statistics), boundary of the acceptance region while testing a statistical hypothesis * Value of a function at a critical point (mathematics) * Critical point (thermodynamics) In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase Equilibrium (thermodynamics), equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designat ...

Threshold (other)
Threshold may refer to: Science Biology * Threshold (reference value) * Absolute threshold * Absolute threshold of hearing * Action potential * Aerobic threshold * Anaerobic threshold * Dark adaptation threshold * Epidemic threshold * Flicker fusion threshold * Masking threshold * Odor detection threshold * Renal threshold * Seizure threshold * Sensory threshold * Threshold expression * Threshold limit value * Threshold model * Threshold of pain * Threshold potential Other science-related * Ecological threshold * Error threshold (evolution) * Extinction threshold * Lasing threshold * Percolation threshold * Polygyny threshold model * Threshold cryptosystem * Threshold displacement energy * Threshold energy * Threshold graph * Threshold knowledge * Threshold model * Threshold voltage * Thresholding (image processing) * Transparency threshold Architecture * Threshold (architecture), the sill of a door Literature * ''Threshold'' (1990 novel), a s ...
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Critical Value (statistics)
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a ''p''-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy. History While hypothesis testing was popularized early in the 20th century, early forms were used in the 1700s. The first use is credited to John Arbuthnot (1710), followed by Pierre-Simon Laplace (1770s), in analyzing the human sex ratio at birth; see . Choice of null hypothesis Paul Meehl has argued that the epistemological importance of the choice of null hypothesis has gone largely unacknowledged. When the null hypothesis is predicted by theory, a more precise experiment will be a more severe test of t ...
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Critical Point (mathematics)
In mathematics, a critical point is the argument of a function where the function derivative is zero (or undefined, as specified below). The value of the function at a critical point is a . More specifically, when dealing with functions of a real variable, a critical point is a point in the domain of the function where the function derivative is equal to zero (also known as a ''stationary point'') or where the function is not differentiable. Similarly, when dealing with complex variables, a critical point is a point in the function's domain where its derivative is equal to zero (or the function is not ''holomorphic''). Likewise, for a function of several real variables, a critical point is a value in its domain where the gradient norm is equal to zero (or undefined). This sort of definition extends to differentiable maps between and a critical point being, in this case, a point where the rank of the Jacobian matrix is not maximal. It extends further to differentiable ...
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