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Cristatusaurus
''Cristatusaurus'' is a genus of theropod dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous Geological period, Period of what is now Niger, 112 million years ago. It was a baryonychine member of the Spinosauridae, a group of large Bipedalism, bipedal carnivores with well-built forelimbs and elongated, crocodile-like skulls. The type species ''Cristatusaurus lapparenti'' was named in 1998 in paleontology, 1998 by scientists Philippe Taquet and Dale Russell, on the basis of jaw bones and some vertebrae. Two claw fossils were also later assigned to ''Cristatusaurus''. The animal's Generic name (biology), generic name, which means "crested reptile", alludes to a sagittal crest on top of its snout; while the Specific name (zoology), specific name is in honor of the French paleontologist Albert-Félix de Lapparent. ''Cristatusaurus'' is known from the Albian to Aptian Erlhaz Formation, Elrhaz Formation, where it would have coexisted with Sauropoda, sauropod and iguanodontian dinosaurs, ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Baryonyx
''Baryonyx'' () is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous period, about 130–125 million years ago. The first skeleton was discovered in 1983 in the Smokejack Clay Pit, of Surrey, England, in sediments of the Weald Clay Formation, and became the holotype specimen of ''Baryonyx walkeri'', named by palaeontologists Alan J. Charig and Angela C. Milner in 1986. The genus name ''Baryonyx'' comes from Ancient Greek βαρύς (''barús''), meaning "heavy" or "strong", and ὄνυξ (''ónux''), meaning "claw", alluding to the animal's very large claw on the first finger; the specific name, ''walkeri'', refers to its discoverer, amateur fossil collector William J. Walker. The holotype specimen is one of the most complete theropod skeletons from the UK (and remains the most complete spinosaurid), and its discovery attracted media attention. Specimens later discovered in other parts of the United Kingdom and Iberia have also bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Spinosauridae
Spinosauridae (or spinosaurids) is a clade or Family (taxonomy), family of tetanuran theropod dinosaurs comprising ten to seventeen known genera. Spinosaurid fossils have been recovered worldwide, including Africa, Europe, South America, and Asia. Their remains have generally been attributed to the Early Cretaceous, Early to early Late Cretaceous. Spinosaurids were large Bipedalism, bipedal carnivores. Their crocodilian-like skulls were long, low, and narrow, bearing conical teeth with reduced or absent Glossary of dinosaur anatomy#serrations, serrations. The tips of their upper and Glossary of dinosaur anatomy#mandible, lower jaws fanned out into a spoon-shaped structure similar to a Rosette (design), rosette, behind which there was a Glossary of dinosaur anatomy#subnarial gap, notch in the upper jaw that the expanded tip of the lower jaw fit into. The Glossary of dinosaur anatomy#bony nostrils, nostrils of spinosaurids were retracted to a position further back on the head than in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Baryonychine
Baryonychinae is an extinct clade or subfamily of spinosaurids from the Early Cretaceous of Europe and West Africa. The clade was named by Charig & Milner in 1986 and defined by Sereno et al. in 1998 and Holtz et al. in 2004 as all taxa more closely related to ''Baryonyx walkeri'' than to ''Spinosaurus aegyptiacus''. Baryonychines were large, bipedal predators with elongated, crocodile-like skulls and lower jaw tips fanning out into rosettes bearing conical, often unserrated, teeth, and a distinct premaxillary notch. They possessed robust forelimbs supporting three-fingered hands with an enlarged first digit claw, to which the subfamily name indirectly refers. Members of this group, unlike the more derived Spinosaurinae, sported only low sails or none at all. History of discovery In 1820, paleontologist Gideon Mantell discovered numerous fossil teeth from the Wadhurst Clay Formation of Britain. These were in 1841 named '' Suchosaurus cultridens'' by paleontologist Richard Owen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Suchomimus
''Suchomimus'', from Ancient Greek ''σούχος'' (''soúkhos''), meaning "crocodile", and Latin ''mimus'', meaning "actor", is a genus of spinosaurid dinosaur that lived between 125 and 112 million years ago in what is now Niger, North Africa, during the Aptian to early Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous Period. It was named and described by paleontologist Paul Sereno and colleagues in 1998, based on a partial skeleton from the Elrhaz Formation. ''Suchomimus''' long and shallow skull, similar to that of a crocodile, earns it its generic name, while the specific name ''Suchomimus tenerensis'' alludes to the locality of its first remains, the Ténéré Desert. ''Suchomimus'' was a relatively large theropod, reaching in length and weighing . However, the age of the holotype specimen is uncertain, so it is unclear whether this size estimate would have been its maximum. The narrow head of ''Suchomimus'' was perched on a short neck, and its forelimbs were powerfully buil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Erlhaz Formation
The Elrhaz Formation is a geological Formation (geology), formation in Niger, West Africa. Its strata date back to the Early Cretaceous, about 125 to 112 million years ago. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, alongside those of multiple species of crocodyliformes. Gadoufaoua Gadoufaoua (Tuareg language, Tuareg for "the place where camels fear to go") is a site within the Elrhaz Formation (located at ) in the Tenere desert of Niger known for its extensive fossil graveyard. It is where remains of ''Sarcosuchus imperator'', popularly known as SuperCroc, were found (by Paul Sereno in 1997, for example), including vertebrae, limb bones, armor plates, jaws, and a nearly complete skull. Gadoufaoua is very hot and dry. Based on the sedimentary and fossil record, Gadoufaoua had trees, plants, and wide rivers 112 million years ago. The river covered the remains of dead animals, the fossilized remains of which were protected by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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1998 In Paleontology
Flora Lycophytes Lycophyte research *Wesley Wehr, Wehr (1998) reports, without description, ''Selaginella'' species Selaginella, spikemoss fossils occurring in the Eocene Okanagan Highlands Klondike Mountain Formation. Angiosperms Fungi Fungal research *Currah, Stockey, & LePage (1998) describe the a Phyllachorales, phyllachoralean "tar spot" parasitizing ''Uhlia'' palm leaves, and host for a hyperparasitic Pleosporales, pleosporalean fungus. They note them to be one of the first occurrences of hyperparasitic relationships in the fossil record. Arthropods Newly named crustaceans Newly named insects Brachiopods Molluscs Bivalves Echinoderms Amphibians newly named anurans Archosauromorpha Dinosaurs * A paper in the journal ''Nature (journal), Nature'' is published by Karen Chin and others announcing the 1995 in paleontology, earlier discovery of a "king-sized coprolite" attributed to ''Tyrannosaurus, Tyrannosaurus rex''. * ''Lourinhasaurus'' gastroliths d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous (geochronology, geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 143.1 Megaannum#SI prefix multipliers, Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Proposals for the exact age of the Barremian–Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining Anoxic event#Cretaceous, early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java Plateau, Ontong Java-Manihiki Plateau, Manihiki-Hikurangi Plateau, Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Onto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Paleontologist
Paleontology, also spelled as palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of the life of the past, mainly but not exclusively through the study of fossils. Paleontologists use fossils as a means to classify organisms, measure geologic time, and assess the interactions between prehistoric organisms and their natural environment. While paleontological observations are known from at least the 6th century BC, the foundation of paleontology as a science dates back to the work of Georges Cuvier in 1796. Cuvier demonstrated evidence for the concept of extinction and how life of the past was not necessarily the same as that of the present. The field developed rapidly over the course of the following decades, and the French word ''paléontologie'' was introduced for the study in 1822, which was derived from the Ancient Greek word for "ancient" and words describing relatedness and a field of study. Further advances in the field accompanied the work of Charles Darwin who popu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Sagittal Crest
A sagittal crest is a ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull (at the sagittal suture) of many mammalian and reptilian skulls, among others. The presence of this ridge of bone indicates that there are exceptionally strong jaw muscles. The sagittal crest serves primarily for attachment of the temporalis muscle, which is one of the main chewing muscles. Development of the sagittal crest is thought to be connected to the development of this muscle. A sagittal crest usually develops during the juvenile stage of an animal in conjunction with the growth of the temporalis muscle, as a result of convergence and gradual heightening of the temporal lines. Function A sagittal crest tends to be present on the skulls of adult animals that rely on powerful biting and clenching of their teeth, usually as a part of their hunting strategy. Skulls of some dinosaur species, including tyrannosaurs, possessed well developed sagittal crests. Among mammals, dogs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Specific Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet, species epithet, or epitheton) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new species name are explained in the article species description. For example, the scientific name for humans is ''Homo sapiens'', which is the species name, consisting of two names: ''Homo'' is the " generic name" (the name of the genus) and ''sapiens'' is the "specific name". Etymology Historically, ''specific name'' referred to the combination of what are now called the generic and specific names. Carl Linnaeus, who formalized binomial nomenclature, made explicit distinctions between specific, generic, and trivial names. The generic name was that of the genus, the first in the binomial, the trivial name was the second name in the binomial, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Sauropoda
Sauropoda (), whose members are known as sauropods (; from ''wikt:sauro-, sauro-'' + ''wikt:-pod, -pod'', 'lizard-footed'), is a clade of saurischian ('lizard-hipped') dinosaurs. Sauropods had very long necks, long tails, small heads (relative to the rest of their body), and four thick, pillar-like legs. They are notable for the enormous sizes attained by some species, and the group includes the largest animals to have ever lived on land. Well-known genus, genera include ''Apatosaurus'', ''Argentinosaurus'', ''Alamosaurus'', ''Brachiosaurus'', ''Camarasaurus'', ''Diplodocus,'' and ''Mamenchisaurus''. The oldest known unequivocal sauropod dinosaurs are known from the Early Jurassic. ''Isanosaurus'' and ''Antetonitrus'' were originally described as Triassic sauropods, but their age, and in the case of ''Antetonitrus'' also its sauropod status, were subsequently questioned. Sauropod-like sauropodomorph tracks from the Fleming Fjord Formation (Greenland) might, however, indicate the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Albert-Félix De Lapparent
Albert-Félix de Lapparent (; 1905–1975) was a French people, French Palaeontology, palaeontologist. He was also a Society of Saint-Sulpice, Sulpician priest. He undertook a number of fossil-hunting explorations in the Sahara desert. He contributed to knowledge about dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. In 1986, José Bonaparte named the dinosaur ''Lapparentosaurus'' in his honour. Dinosaurs named by Lapparent were ''Inosaurus tedreftensis'' (Lapparent, 1960) and ''Lusitanosaurus liassicus'' (Lapparent and Zbyszewski, 1957). New species of known genera are also credited to him. In alphabetical order, they are: ''Lourinhasaurus, Apatosaurus alenquerensis'' (Lapparent and Zbyszewski, 1957), ''Astrodon, Astrodon pusillus'' (Lapparent and Zbyszewski, 1957), ''Lusotitan, Brachiosaurus atalaiensis '' (Lapparent and Zbyszewski, 1957), ''Brachiosaurus nougaredi'' (Lapparent, 1960), ''Cetiosaurus, Cetiosaurus mogrebiensis'' (Lapparent, 1955), ''Elaphrosaurus, Elaphrosaurus gautieri' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |