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Cotinga Nattererii -Panama-8a
The cotingas are a large family, Cotingidae, of suboscine passerine birds found in Central America and tropical South America. Cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges, that are primary frugivorous. They all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. They range in size from of the fiery-throated fruiteater (''Pipreola chlorolepidota'') up to of the Amazonian umbrellabird (''Cephalopterus ornatus''). Description Cotingas vary widely in social structure. There is a roughly 50/50 divide in the family between species with biparental care, and those in which the males play no part in raising the young. The purple-throated fruitcrow lives in mixed-sex groups in which one female lays an egg and the others help provide insects to the chick. In cotinga species where only the females care for the eggs and young, the males have striking courtship displays, often grouped together in leks. Such sexual selection results in the males of these species, inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spangled Cotinga
The spangled cotinga (''Cotinga cayana'') is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae, the cotingas. It is found in the canopy of the Amazon Rainforest in South America. Because of their bright, beautiful colours, cotingas have been hunted by native and colonial peoples for their feathers, as well as for food. The feathers of some species are used in making fishing flies and lures. The beauty of these birds draws birdwatchers from around the world and so may add to the local tourist economy. Taxonomy In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the spangled cotinga in his ''Ornithologie'' based on a specimen collected in Cayenne in French Guiana. He used the French name ''Le cotinga de Cayenne'' and the Latin ''Cotinga Cayanensis''. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotinga (genus)
''Cotinga'' is a genus of passerine birds belonging to the cotinga family, Cotingidae. It contains seven species that are found in tropical rainforest in South and Central America from southern Mexico to south-east Brazil. They feed mainly on fruit and forage high in trees. They are long. The males have highly colourful plumage; bright blue with areas of purple. The blue colour is produced by air bubbles in the feathers which scatter light. Females are much duller than males and are mainly brown, often with pale feather edges giving them a scaled or speckled appearance. The wings of the males make a whistling or rattling noise in flight. Deforestation is a threat to several members of this genus. The turquoise cotinga is classed as Vulnerable by the IUCN and the banded cotinga is considered to be Endangered. Taxonomy The genus ''Cotinga'' was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. The type species is the purple-breasted cotinga The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cock-of-the-rock
The cocks-of-the-rock, which compose the genus ''Rupicola'', are large cotingid birds native to South America. The first alleged examples of this species were documented during a research expedition led by the explorer and biologist Sir Joshua Wilson in the mid-1700s. They are found in tropical and subtropical rainforests close to rocky areas, where they build their nests. The genus is composed of only two known extant species: the Andean cock-of-the-rock and the smaller Guianan cock-of-the-rock. The Andean cock-of-the-rock is the national bird of Peru. Both known species exhibit sexual dimorphism: the males are magnificent birds, not only because of their bright orange or red colors, but also because of their very prominent fan-shaped crests. Like some other cotingids, they have a complex courtship behavior, performing impressive lek displays. The females are overall brownish with hints of the brilliant colors of the males. Females build nests on rocky cliffs or large boulders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoenicircus
''Phoenicircus'' is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. They have a bright red breast, crown, tail, and rump with the Guianan species having dark brown wings and the black-necked species having black wings. They are frugivores, eating primarily berries and drupes. Taxonomy The genus ''Phoenicircus'' was introduced in 1832 by the English naturalist William John Swainson. The type species was designated as the Guianan red cotinga by George Robert Gray in 1840. The name combines the Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic p ... ''phoinikeos'' meaning "crimson" or "dark red" with ''kerkos'' meaning "tail". The genus contains the following two species: References Bird genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Cotingidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpornis
''Carpornis'', the berryeaters, is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. These primarily frugivorous birds are endemic to the southern half of the Atlantic forest (eastern Brazil). The genus contains two species. Both species are mainly greenish-yellow with a black hood. The genus is sister A sister is a woman or a girl who shares one or more parents with another individual; a female sibling. The male counterpart is a brother. Although the term typically refers to a familial relationship, it is sometimes used endearingly to refer to ... to the genus '' Snowornis'' that contains two pihas. References * Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by George Robert Gray {{Cotingidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snowornis
''Snowornis'' is a genus of birds in the family Cotingidae. The species were formerly included in the genus '' Lipaugus'', The genus ''Snowornis'' was introduced in 2001 by Richard Prum with the grey-tailed piha as the type species. The name was chosen to honour the ornithologist David W. Snow. His name is combined with the Ancient Greek ''ornis'' meaning "bird". The genus is sister A sister is a woman or a girl who shares one or more parents with another individual; a female sibling. The male counterpart is a brother. Although the term typically refers to a familial relationship, it is sometimes used endearingly to refer to ... to the genus '' Carpornis '' which contains the two berryeaters. The genus contains two species. References Bird genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Cotingidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipreola
''Pipreola'' is a genus of bird in the family Cotingidae. Together with ''Ampelioides tschudii'', they are collectively known as fruiteaters. All are restricted to humid montane or foothill forest in western or northern South America. They are thickset birds with predominantly greenish upperparts. Males of most species have black heads and/or reddish, orange or yellow to the throat, chest or belly. Taxonomy The genus ''Pipreola '' was introduced in 1838 by the English naturalist William John Swainson, William Swainson to accommodate a single species, the fiery-throated fruiteater. The genus name is a Latin diminutive of the genus ''Pipra'' that was introduced in 1764 by Carl Linnaeus. The genus now contains 11 species: References * Fitzpatrick, J. W., and Hosner, P. A. (2004). Fruiteaters (Pipreola). pp. 80–84 in: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., & Christie, D. A. eds. (2004). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World.'' Vol. 9. Cotingas to Wagtails. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic groups are typically characterised by shared derived characteristics ( synapomorphies), which distinguish organisms in the clade from other organisms. An equivalent term is holophyly. The word "mono-phyly" means "one-tribe" in Greek. Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic group'' consists of all of the descendants of a common ancestor minus one or more monophyletic groups. A '' polyphyletic group'' is characterized by convergent features or habits of scientific interest (for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, aquatic insects). The features by which a polyphyletic group is differentiated from others are not inherited from a common ancestor. These definitions have t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Prum
Richard O. Prum (born 1961) is William Robertson Coe Professor of ornithology, and head curator of vertebrate zoology at the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University. Life and work Prum describes himself as "an evolutionary ornithologist with broad interests in diverse topics," including phylogenetics, behavior, feathers, structural coloration, evolution and development, sexual selection, and historical biogeography. Prum grew up in rural Vermont and took his bachelor degree at Harvard in 1983, and received his PhD in 1989 from the University of Michigan. After gradually losing his hearing throughout the early 1990s due to illness, Prum moved from primarily doing field work to conducting research on plumage pigmentation, feather evolution, and Darwin's sexual selection theory. He released a book in 2017 on the role of beauty in natural selection: ''The Evolution of Beauty: How Darwin's Forgotten Theory of Mate Choice Shapes the Animal World – And Us''. Receptio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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