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Cordillera People’s Liberation Army
The Cordillera People's Liberation Army (CPLA) was a militant organization based in the Cordillera region in the Philippines founded by Conrado Balweg. Background In 1979, the Itneg Catholic priest Conrado Balweg decided to join the New People's Army of the Communist Party of the Philippines in response of abuses against the Itneg people by the Marcos administration, which wanted to promote the interests of the Cellophil Resources Corporation.Bagadion, Benjamin Jr. (1991 Januar-December). THE RISE AND FALL OF A CRONY CORPORATION. Philippine Sociological Review. Vol. 39, No. 1/4. Philippine Sociological Society. pp. 24-29. https://www.jstor.org/stable/ Balweg had also been inspired by the heroism of tribal leader Macli-ing Dulag who was killed at around that time. Dulag had opposed the Chico River Dam Project, a plan of the government to build a hydroelectric dam in the Cordilleras. By the early 1980s, the Armed Forces of the Philippines had tagged Balweg as its most-wanted ma ...
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Conrado Balweg
Conrado Balweg (December 29, 1942 – December 31, 1999) was a former Filipino Catholic priest and rebel who was the founder of the Cordillera People's Liberation Army, a militant group which advocated autonomy for the Cordillera region in the Philippines. He was also known by the '' nom-de-guerre'' Ka Ambo. Career Balweg, a member of the Itneg or Tinguian people's of Abra, was ordained a priest of the Society of the Divine Word congregation by Pope Paul VI in 1970 during the latter's pastoral visit to Manila. He joined the New People's Army in 1979 in light of abuses against the Itneg people by the Marcos administration, which wanted to promote the interests of the Cellophil Resources Corporation.Bagadion, Benjamin Jr. (1991 Januar-December). THE RISE AND FALL OF A CRONY CORPORATION. Philippine Sociological Review. Vol. 39, No. 1/4. Philippine Sociological Society. pp. 24-29. https://www.jstor.org/stable/ He was also inspired by the heroism of tribal leader Macli-ing ...
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Armed Forces Of The Philippines
The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) () are the military forces of the Philippines. It consists of three main service branches; the Philippine Army, Army, the Philippine Air Force, Air Force, and the Philippine Navy, Navy (including the Philippine Marine Corps, Marine Corps). The President of the Philippines is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Commander-in-Chief of the AFP and forms military policy with the Department of National Defense (Philippines), Department of National Defense, an executive department acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out, while the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines serves as the overall commander and the highest-ranking officer in the AFP. Founded under the National Defense Act of 1935, while tracing its roots to the Philippine Revolutionary Army, the AFP has played an integral part in the country's history. The AFP has also been involved in various conflicts, such as ...
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Left-wing Militant Groups In The Philippines
Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy either as a whole or of certain social hierarchies. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished, through radical means that change the nature of the society they are implemented in. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, supporters of left-wing politics "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated." Within the left–right political spectrum, ''Left'' and ''Right'' were coined during the French Revolution, referring to the seating arrangement in the F ...
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Military Units And Formations Established In 1986
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstr ...
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Mountain Province
Mountain Province (; ; ; ; ; ) is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc while Bauko is the largest municipality. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name is usually shortened by locals to Mt. Province. The province was named so for being in the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island. Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in 1908, and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao. The province is also known for its mummy caves, which contain naturally mummified bodies, and for its hanging coffins. History Spanish colonial era The area of the Cordillera mountains proved difficult to control by the Spaniards. During the long Spanish ...
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Bauko, Mountain Province
Bauko, officially the Municipality of Bauko (; ; ; ; ; ) is a municipality in the province of Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 32,021 people. History Chico River Dam Project Bauko was one of several municipalities in Mountain Province which would have been flooded by the Chico River Dam Project during the Marcos dictatorship, alongside Bontoc, Sabangan, Sadanga, Sagada, and parts of Barlig. However, the indigenous peoples of Kalinga Province and Mountain Province resisted the project and when hostilities resulted in the murder of Macli-ing Dulag, the project became unpopular and was abandoned before Marcos was ousted by the 1986 People Power Revolution. Geography The Municipality of Bauko is the largest town in Mountain Province. Bauko is situated from the provincial capital Bontoc, and from the country's capital city of Manila. Barangays Bauko is politically subdivided into 22 barangays, divided into the upper and lo ...
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Ceasefire
A ceasefire (also known as a truce), also spelled cease-fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions often due to mediation by a third party. Ceasefires may be between state actors or involve non-state actors. Ceasefires may be declared as part of a formal treaty but also as part of an informal understanding between opposing forces. They may occur via mediation or otherwise as part of a peace process or be imposed by United Nations Security Council resolutions via Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. A ceasefire can be temporary with an intended end date or may be intended to last indefinitely. A ceasefire is distinct from an armistice in that the armistice is a formal end to a war whereas a ceasefire may be a temporary stoppage. The immediate goal of a ceasefire is to stop violence but the underlying purposes of ceasefires vary. Ceasefires may be intended to meet short-term limited need ...
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Government Of The Philippines
The government of the Philippines () has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Philippines is Central government, governed as a unitary state under a presidential system, presidential representative democracy, representative and democratic Constitution of the Philippines, constitutional republic in which the President of the Philippines, president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a Diversity (politics), pluriform multi-party system. The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following: Legislature, Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber Congress of the Philippines—the Senate of the Philippines, Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives of the Philippines, House of Representatives is the lower chamber. Executive (government), Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the presiden ...
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Self-determination
Self-determination refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage. Self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law, binding, as such, on the United Nations as an authoritative interpretation of the Charter of the United Nations, Charter's norms. The principle does not state how the decision is to be made, nor what the outcome should be (whether independence, federation, protectorate, protection, some form of autonomy or full Cultural assimilation, assimilation), and the right of self-determination does not necessarily include a right to an independent state for every ethnic group within a former colonial territory. Further, no right to secession is recognized under international law. The concept emerged with the rise of nationalism in the 19th century and came into prominent use in the 1860s, spreading rapidly thereafter. During and after World War ...
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Cordillera People’s Liberation Army
The Cordillera People's Liberation Army (CPLA) was a militant organization based in the Cordillera region in the Philippines founded by Conrado Balweg. Background In 1979, the Itneg Catholic priest Conrado Balweg decided to join the New People's Army of the Communist Party of the Philippines in response of abuses against the Itneg people by the Marcos administration, which wanted to promote the interests of the Cellophil Resources Corporation.Bagadion, Benjamin Jr. (1991 Januar-December). THE RISE AND FALL OF A CRONY CORPORATION. Philippine Sociological Review. Vol. 39, No. 1/4. Philippine Sociological Society. pp. 24-29. https://www.jstor.org/stable/ Balweg had also been inspired by the heroism of tribal leader Macli-ing Dulag who was killed at around that time. Dulag had opposed the Chico River Dam Project, a plan of the government to build a hydroelectric dam in the Cordilleras. By the early 1980s, the Armed Forces of the Philippines had tagged Balweg as its most-wanted ma ...
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