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Conservative Judaism And Zionism
Conservative Judaism has historically been a movement that supports Zionism. Unlike Reform and Orthodox Judaism, Conservative Judaism does not and has never had a significant anti-Zionist faction. While some individual Conservative Jews hold anti-Zionist or non-Zionist views, those views are not endorsed by the Conservative movement. History According to Elliot N. Dorff, the "Conservative movement is the only religious movement f Judaismwhich has always been Zionistic and has never had an anti-Zionist wing." While regarding itself as the heir of Rabbi Zecharias Frankel's 19th-century positive-historical school in Europe, Conservative Judaism fully institutionalized only in the United States during the mid-20th century. According to Alan Silverstein, President of Mercaz Olami, Frankel's support of Hebrew as the language of Jewish prayer was a proto-Zionist commitment to "the national element in Jewish practices". Silverstein has written that Heinrich Graetz, an historian who is com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservative Judaism
Conservative Judaism, also known as Masorti Judaism, is a Jewish religious movements, Jewish religious movement that regards the authority of Jewish law and tradition as emanating primarily from the assent of the people through the generations, more than from divine revelation. It therefore views Jewish law, or ''Halakha'', as both binding and subject to historical development. The Conservative rabbinate employs modern Historical criticism, historical-critical research, rather than only traditional methods and sources, and lends great weight to its constituency, when determining its stance on matters of practice. The movement considers its approach as the authentic and most appropriate continuation of ''Halakhic'' discourse, maintaining both fealty to received forms and flexibility in their interpretation. It also eschews strict theological definitions, lacking a consensus in matters of faith and allowing great pluralism. While regarding itself as the heir of Rabbi Zecharias Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Secularism
Jewish secularism (Hebrew: יהדות חילונית) refers to secularism in a Jewish context, denoting the definition of Jewish identity with little or no attention given to its religious aspects. The concept of Jewish secularism first arose in the late 19th century, with its influence peaking during the interwar period. History The Jews and secularisation The Marranos in Spain, who retained some sense of Jewish identity and alienation while formally Catholic, anticipated the European secularisation process to some degree. Their diaspora outside Iberia united believing Catholics, returnees to Judaism (on both accounts, rarely fully at comfort in their religions) and deists in one "Marrano nation." Baruch Spinoza, the herald of the secular age, advocated the demise of religious control over society and the delegation of faith to the private sphere. Yet his notions lacked anything specifically Jewish: He believed that without the ceremonial law to define the Jews, their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaul Magid
Shaul Magid (Hebrew: שאול מגיד ; born June 16, 1958) is a rabbi, Visiting Professor of Modern Jewish Studies at Harvard Divinity School, and Distinguished Fellow in Jewish Studies at Dartmouth College. From 2004 to 2018, he was a professor of religious studies and the Jay and Jeannie Schottenstein Chair of Jewish Studies in Modern Judaism at Indiana University as well as a senior research fellow at the Shalom Hartman Institute. From 1996 to 2004, he was a professor of Jewish philosophy at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America; he was chair of the Department of Jewish Philosophy from 2000-2004. Education Magid received his B.A. from Goddard College. He received his semicha (rabbinical ordination) in Jerusalem in 1984 from Rabbis Chaim Brovender, Yaacov Warhaftig, and Zalman Nechemia Goldberg. He became a candidate Fellow at the Shalom Hartman Institute and a graduate student in Medieval and Modern Jewish Thought at Hebrew University, where he completed his MA in 1989 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform Zionism
Reform Zionism, also known as Progressive Zionism, is the ideology of the Zionist arm of the Reform Judaism, Reform or Progressive branch of Judaism. The Association of Reform Zionists of America is the American Reform movement's Zionist organization. Their mission “endeavors to make Israel fundamental to the sacred lives and Jewish identity of Reform Jews. As a Zionist organization, the association champions activities that further enhance Israel as a Pluralism (political philosophy), pluralistic, just and democratic Jewish state.” In Israel, Reform Zionism is associated with the Israel Movement for Progressive Judaism. History Historically, Zionism was a secular ideology that was opposed by Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox, Conservative Judaism, Conservative and Reform Judaism, Reform Jews. While Orthodox and Conservative groups opposed Zionism for being nationalist rather than religious, Reform Judaism opposed a return to Zion for theological reasons. Reform theology conceived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform Anti-Zionism
Reform anti-Zionism is anti-Zionism within Reform Judaism. Throughout the 1800s and until the mid-1900s, the Reform movement was primarily anti-Zionist. The American Reform Movement's 1885 Pittsburgh Platform endorsed anti-Zionism, as did the '' Union Prayer Book'', the movement's 1892 siddur (prayer book). In response to a nascent Zionist movement and the persecution of Jews by Nazi Germany, the Columbus Platform of US Reform Judaism repudiated the movement's previous anti-Zionism, although the movement retained its earlier anti-Zionist siddur until it was replaced by '' Gates of Prayer'' in 1975. Subsequent American Reform platforms and siddurim have continued to embrace Zionism, such as the '' Mishkan T'filah'' and the 1997 Miami Platform, which clarified and reinforced the movement's support for Zionism. While the global Reform movement as a whole is officially Zionist, and American Reform rabbinical students are required to spend at least a year in Israel, some adherents o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reconstructionist Judaism And Zionism
The relationship between Reconstructionist Judaism and Zionism dates to the founding of the Reconstructionist movement by Mordecai Kaplan. Kaplan was a strong supporter of the Zionist movement and thus the Reconstructionist movement has historically supported Zionism. All rabbinical students of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College are required to spend a summer studying in Israel. In recent years, due to the political liberalism of the Reconstructionist movement, some individuals affiliated or formerly affiliated with the movement have begun to become more critical of Zionism. Unlike Orthodox and Reform Judaism, the Reconstructionist movement has never historically had a significant anti-Zionist faction. According to Reconstructionist rabbi David Teutsch, the movement has displayed a "striking uniformity" of loyalty to Zionist principles throughout its history. History Reconstructionist Judaism developed between the 1920s and 1940s, officially branching off from the Conservati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Anti-Zionism
Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism. Although anti-Zionism is a heterogeneous phenomenon, all its proponents agree that the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, and the movement to create a sovereign Jewish state in the region of Palestine—a region partly coinciding with the biblical Land of Israel—was flawed or unjust in some way.Mor, Shany. "On Three Anti-Zionisms." ''Israel Studies'', vol. 24, no. 2, summer 2019, pp. 206+. Gale In Context: World History. Accessed 2 Nov. 2022. Until World War II, anti-Zionism was widespread among Jews for varying reasons. Orthodox Jews opposed Zionism on religious grounds, as preempting the Messiah, while many secular Jewish anti-Zionists identified more with ideals of the Enlightenment and saw Zionism as a reactionary ideology. Opposition to Zionism in the Jewish diaspora was surmounted only from the 1930s onward, as conditions for Jews deteriorated radically in Europe and, with the Second World War, the sheer scale of the Holo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humanistic Judaism And Zionism
The relationship between Humanistic Judaism and Zionism dates to the founding of Humanistic Judaism in the 1960s. Rabbi Sherwin Wine, a founder of the movement, was a supporter of the Zionist movement and believed in Jewish peoplehood. Believing that Jewishness is a peoplehood and not only a religion, Wine wrote that "Zionism is the most effective expression, in modern times, that we Jews are more than a religion. We are a people and an ethnic culture." The Society for Humanistic Judaism supports Zionism and the State of Israel, but acknowledges a broad spectrum of opinion about Israel and Zionism, stating that Humanistic Jewish opinion ranges from "ardent Zionist to anti-Zionist". The International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism is also supportive of Zionism and the State of Israel. Because Humanistic Judaism is secular, Humanistic Zionism is rooted in cultural and ethnic bonds to the Land of Israel rather than rooted in theological beliefs. History The Society for Humanis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haredim And Zionism
From the founding of political Zionism in the 1890s, Haredi Jewish leaders voiced objections to its secular orientation, and before the establishment of the State of Israel, the vast majority of Haredi Jews were opposed to Zionism, like early Reform Judaism, but with distinct reasoning. This was chiefly due to the concern that secular nationalism would redefine the Jewish nation from a religious community based in their alliance to God for whom adherence to religious laws were "the essence of the nation's task, purpose, and right to exists," to an ethnic group like any other as well as the view that it was forbidden for the Jews to re-constitute Jewish rule in the Land of Israel before the arrival of the Messiah. Those rabbis who did support Jewish resettlement in Palestine in the late 19th century had no intention to conquer Palestine and declare its independence from the rule of the Ottoman Turks, and some preferred that only observant Jews be allowed to settle there. During th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Insider
''The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles'', known simply as the ''Jewish Journal'', is an independent, nonprofit community weekly newspaper serving the Jewish community of greater Los Angeles, published by the nonprofit TRIBE Media Corp. Its editorial stance is conservative. The ''Journal'' was established in 1985. it had a verified circulation of 50,000 and an estimated readership of 150,000; it is the largest Jewish weekly outside New York City. TRIBE Media Corp. also produces the monthly ''TRIBE'' magazine, distributed in Santa Barbara, Malibu, Conejo, Simi and West San Fernando Valleys. History Though independently incorporated, the paper was initially distributed in part by the Jewish Federation of Greater Los Angeles. The first issue appeared on February 28, 1986. The editor was Gene Lichtenstein, who served until 2000, and the first art director was Katherine Arion, a Romanian-born artist who came to the United States in 1981. After becoming completely independent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eretz Yisrael
The Land of Israel () is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant. Related biblical, religious and historical English terms include the Land of Canaan, the Promised Land, the Holy Land, and Palestine. The definitions of the limits of this territory vary between passages in the Hebrew Bible, with specific mentions in , , and . Nine times elsewhere in the Bible, the settled land is referred as " from Dan to Beersheba", and three times it is referred as "from the entrance of Hamath unto the brook of Egypt" (, and ). These biblical limits for the land differ from the borders of established historical Israelite and later Jewish kingdoms, including the United Kingdom of Israel, the two kingdoms of Israel (Samaria) and Judah, the Hasmonean kingdom, and the Herodian kingdom. At their heights, these realms ruled lands with similar but not identical boundaries. Jewish religious belief defines the land as where Jewish religious law prevailed and excludes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Davis
Moshe Davis (January 12, 1916 in Brooklyn, New York – April 19, 1996) was a rabbi and a scholar of American Jewish history who taught at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTS) and Hebrew University. Biography He was recipient of a BA from Columbia University in 1936, a BA from the Jewish Theological Seminary's Teachers Institute in 1937, rabbinic ordination from the Jewish Theological Seminary in 1942, and a Ph.D. from Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1945. Davis was the first American to earn a doctorate at Hebrew University.. He held a variety of leadership positions at JTS, including serving as professor of American Jewish history, and at Hebrew University, where he was named the Stephen S. Wise Chair of American Jewish History and Institutions. In 1959, upon taking up his post in Israel, Davis established the Institute of Contemporary Jewry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His numerous books include ''The Emergence of Conservative Judaism'' (1963) and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
