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A connoisseur (French language, French Reforms of French orthography, traditional, pre-1835, spelling of , from Middle-French , then meaning 'to be acquainted with' or 'to know somebody/something') is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the fine arts; who is a keen appreciator of cuisines, fine wines, and other gourmet products; or who is an expert judge in matters of Taste (aesthetics), taste. In many areas, the term now has an air of pretension, and may be used in a partly Irony, ironic sense. In the art trade, however, expert connoisseurship remains a crucial skill for the identification and attribution to individual artists of works by the Style (visual arts), style and technique, where documentary evidence of provenance is lacking. The situation in the wine trade is similar, for example in assessing the potential for ageing in a young wine through wine tasting. Connoisseurship in art "The ability to tell almost instinctively who painted a picture is defined&n ...
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Technique
Technique or techniques may refer to: Music * The Techniques, a Jamaican rocksteady vocal group of the 1960s * Technique (band), a British female synth pop band in the 1990s * ''Technique'' (album), by New Order, 1989 * ''Techniques'' (album), by Modern Baseball, 2014 *"Technique", a song by Pat Boone from his EP '' Four by Pat'', 1957 Other uses * ''Technique'' (newspaper), the newspaper of the Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S. * Technique Polytechnic Institute, in West Bengal, India * Technique Stadium, a football stadium in Whittington Moor, Chesterfield, Derbyshire See also * Technical (other) * Technology, the sum of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services * Skill, the ability to carry out a task with determined results * Scientific technique, any systematic way of obtaining information about a scientific nature {{disambiguation ...
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Svetlana Alpers
Svetlana Leontief Alpers (née Leontief; born February 10, 1936) is an American art historian, also a professor, writer and critic. Her specialty is Dutch Golden Age painting, a field she revolutionized with her 1984 book ''The Art of Describing''. She has also written on Tiepolo, Rubens, Bruegel, and Velázquez, among others. Education and career Svetlana Alpers received her B.A. from Radcliffe College in 1957 and a Ph.D.from Harvard in 1965. She was a professor of art history at the University of California, Berkeley from 1962 to 1998, and by 1994 she was named Professor Emerita. In 1983, Alpers co-founded the interdisciplinary journal '' Representations'' with American literary critic Stephen Greenblatt. In 2007, she collaborated with artists James Hyde and Barney Kulok on a project entitled ''Painting Then for Now''. The project consists of 19 photographic prints based on the suite of three paintings by Giambattista Tiepolo that hang at the top of the main staircase i ...
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Bendor Grosvenor
Bendor Gerard Robert Grosvenor (born 27 November 1977) is a British art historian, writer and former art dealer. He is known for discovering a number of important lost artworks by Old Master artists, including Sir Peter Paul Rubens, Claude Lorrain and Peter Brueghel the Younger. As a dealer he specialised in Old Masters, with a particular interest in Anthony van Dyck. Early life and education Grosvenor was born on 27 November 1977 in London. His parents are The Honourable Richard Alexander Grosvenor and Gabriella Grosvenor. The name Bendor is derived from the Grosvenor family's medieval heraldic shield, ''a bend or'', a golden bend (diagonal stripe), which they used until 1389, when it was ruled that the Scrope family had a better claim to it, in the case '' Scrope v Grosvenor''. Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke of Westminster, was nicknamed "Bendor". Grosvenor is a grandson of Robert Grosvenor, 5th Baron Ebury, and fifth cousin of Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster. He is ...
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Philip Mould
Philip Jonathan Clifford Mould (born March 1960) is an English art dealer, London gallery owner, art historian, writer and broadcaster. He has made a number of major art discoveries, including works of Thomas Gainsborough, Anthony van Dyck, Anthony Van Dyck and Thomas Lawrence. Mould is the author of two books on art discovery and is widely consulted by the media on the subject. He co-presents on BBC television, ''Fake or Fortune?'', an investigative art history programme, with journalist and broadcaster Fiona Bruce. Early life and education Mould was born in Wirral Urban District, Wirral, Cheshire and educated at Kingsmead School, Hoylake, at Worth School and at the University of East Anglia, from which he graduated with a BA in History of Art in 1981. Mould's father owned a printing factory in Liverpool and his family was based in the Wirral Peninsula. Mould made friends with the owner of a local antiques shop, who taught him to read hallmarks on silver when he was just 11 o ...
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Laconic
A laconic phrase or laconism is a concise or terse statement, especially a blunt and elliptical rejoinder. It is named after Laconia, the region of Greece including the city of Sparta, whose ancient inhabitants had a reputation for verbal austerity and were famous for their often pithy remarks. Uses A laconic phrase may be used for efficiency (as during military training and operations), for emphasis, for philosophical reasons (especially among thinkers who believe in minimalism, such as Stoics), or to deflate a pompous speaker. A prominent example of a laconism involving Philip II of Macedon was reported by the historian Plutarch. After invading southern Greece and receiving the submission of other key city-states, Philip turned his attention to Sparta and asked menacingly whether he should come as friend or foe. The reply was "Neither." Losing patience, he sent the message: If I invade Laconia, I shall turn you out. The Spartan ephors again replied with a single word: If ...
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Art Historian
Art history is the study of artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today, art history examines broader aspects of visual culture, including the various visual and conceptual outcomes related to art. Art history is a broad discipline encompassing many branches. Some focus on specific time periods, while others concentrate on particular geographic regions, such as the art of Europe. Thematic categorizations include feminist art history, iconography, the analysis of symbols, and design history. Studying the history of art emerged as a means of documenting and critiquing artistic works, with influential historians and methods originating in Ancient Greece, Italy and China. As a discipline, a ...
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Erwin Panofsky
Erwin Panofsky (March 30, 1892 – March 14, 1968) was a German-Jewish art historian whose work represents a high point in the modern academic study of iconography, including his hugely influential ''Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art'' and his seminal '' Early Netherlandish Painting''.Shone, Richard and Stonard, John-Paul, eds. ''The Books that Shaped Art History'', chapter 7. London: Thames & Hudson, 2013. Panofsky's ideas were highly influential in intellectual history in general,Chartier, Roger. ''Cultural History'', pp. 23–24 (from "Intellectual History and the History of ''Mentalités''"). Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988 particularly in his use of historical ideas to interpret artworks and vice versa. Many of his books are still in print, including ''Studies in Iconology: Humanist Themes in the Art of the Renaissance'' (1939), ''Meaning in the Visual Arts'' (1955), and his 1943 study ''The Life and Art of Albrecht Dürer''. His academic career was pursue ...
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Art School
An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on practice and related theory in the visual arts and design. This includes fine art – especially illustration, painting, contemporary art, sculpture, and graphic design. They may be independent or operate within a larger institution, such as a university. Some may be associated with an art museum. Art schools can offer elementary, secondary, post-secondary, undergraduate or graduate programs, and can also offer a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). In the West there have been six major periods of art school curricula,Houghton, Nicholas (Feb. 2016)"Six into One: The Contradictory Art School Curriculum and How It Came About" ''International Journal of Art & Design Education''. vol. 35, no. 1. pp. 107–120. and each one has had its own hand in developing modern institutions worldwide throughout all levels of education. Art schools also teach a variety of non-academic skills ...
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Artist
An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating the work of art. The most common usage (in both everyday speech and academic discourse) refers to a practitioner in the visual arts only. However, the term is also often used in the show business, entertainment business to refer to Actor, actors, Musician, musicians, Singing, singers, Dance, dancers and other Performing arts#Performers, performers, in which they are known as ''Artiste'' instead. ''Artiste'' (French) is a variant used in English in this context, but this use has become rare. The use of the term "artist" to describe Writer, writers is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts such as critics' reviews; "author" is generally used instead. Dictionary definitions The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' defines the older, broader meanings of the word "artist": * A learned person or Master of Arts * One who pursues a practical science, traditionally ...
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Catalogue Raisonné
A (or critical catalogue) is an annotated listing of the works of an artist or group of artists and can contain all works or a selection of works categorised by different parameters such as medium or period. A ''catalogue raisonné'' is normally produced by the artist or by a committee of family members, experts or academics, collectively known as "producers". The catalogue ordinarily contains a list of characteristics of an artwork such as the title, year of production, dimensions, medium and a description of the work, alongside an image of the work. Some catalogues also include scholarly commentary about each work or, sometimes, commentary about a piece from the artist. This information is relied upon by others to identify works and plays an important role in authentication. While historically ''catalogues raisonnés'' have been produced as physical books, there is a shift towards catalogues existing only in digital form, such as those of the artists Isamu Noguchi, Paul Césa ...
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Art Valuation
Art valuation, an art-specific subset of Valuation (finance), financial valuation, is the process of estimating the market value of Work of art, works of art. As such, it is more of a financial rather than an aesthetics, aesthetic concern, however, subjective views of cultural value play a part as well. Art valuation involves comparing data from multiple sources such as art auction, auction houses, private and corporate collectors, curators, art dealer activities, Art museum, gallerists (gallery owners), experienced consultants, and specialized market analysts to arrive at a value. Art valuation is accomplished not only for collection, investment, divestment, and financing purposes, but as part of Estate (law), estate valuations, for charitable contributions, for tax planning, insurance, and loan Collateral (finance), collateral purposes. This article deals with the valuation of works of fine art, especially contemporary art, at the top end of the international market, but si ...
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