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ComLaw
The Office of Parliamentary Counsel (OPC) is an Australian Commonwealth government agency established under the ''Parliamentary Counsel Act 1970'' (Cth) within the Commonwealth Attorney-General's portfolio. OPC drafts all government Bills that are introduced into the federal Parliament, legislative instruments made by the Governor-General, and a range of other delegated legislation. It also manages the Federal Register of Legislation (the ''Legislation'' ''Register'') to provide access to authorised, up-to-date versions of Commonwealth laws. OPC was established in 1970 and is currently led by Meredith Leigh, First Parliamentary Counsel. History Arrangements for the drafting of Commonwealth legislation were put in place at the very beginning of Australia's federation as a nation in 1901. Originally, the Secretary to the Attorney-General's Department was the Parliamentary Draftsman, with a separate position not created until 1946. By 1954, a Parliamentary Drafting Division had ...
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Government Of Australia
The Australian Government, also known as the Commonwealth Government or simply as the federal government, is the national Executive (government), executive government of Australia, a federalism, federal Parliamentary system, parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The executive consists of the Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister, Cabinet of Australia, cabinet ministers and other ministers that currently have the support of a majority of the members of the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives (the lower house) and also includes the Australian Government#Departments, departments and other List of Australian Government entities, executive bodies that ministers oversee. The Albanese government, current executive government consists of Anthony Albanese and other ministers of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), in office since the 2022 Australian federal election, 2022 federal election. The Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister is the Head of gove ...
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Charles Kennedy Comans
Charles Kennedy Comans, CBE, OBE, QC (born 21 October 1914) was a lawyer, lecturer, the former First Parliamentary Counsel of the Commonwealth from 1972 - 1977. Comans died in Canberra on 12 September 2012, aged 97. Early life and education Comans was born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, the only son of Michael and Kate Comans. He was educated at Christian Brothers’ College, Victoria Parade, Melbourne. There, he won a scholarship to attend St Kevin’s High School. He went on to study law at Melbourne University and at 21, he was then the youngest person to achieve a master of laws from the university. Career Comans was admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1936, and first worked in the Taxation Office in Canberra, before becoming a legal officer in the Attorney-General’s Department, a post he held between 1938 and 1948. He went on to become the First Assistant Parliamentary Draftsman in 1949, Second Parliamentary Counsel in 1970 and First Parliamentary Counsel in 1972, a p ...
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Government Agencies Of Australia
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The main types of modern political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes, and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes. Modern classification systems also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Historically prevalent ...
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King's Counsel
A King's Counsel (Post-nominal letters, post-nominal initials KC) is a senior lawyer appointed by the monarch (or their Viceroy, viceregal representative) of some Commonwealth realms as a "Counsel learned in the law". When the reigning monarch is a woman, the title is Queen's Counsel (QC). The position originated in England and Wales. Some Commonwealth countries have retained the designation, while others have either abolished the position or renamed it so as to remove monarchical connotations — for example, "Senior Counsel" or "Senior Advocate". Appointment as King's Counsel is an office recognised by courts. Members in the UK have the privilege of sitting within the inner Bar (law), bar of court. As members wear silk gowns of a particular design, appointment as King's Counsel is known informally as ''taking silk'' and KCs are often colloquially called ''silks''. Appointments are made from within the legal profession on the basis of merit and not a particular level of expe ...
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Knight Commander Of The Order Of Saint Michael And Saint George
The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince of Wales (the future King George IV), while he was acting as prince regent for his father, King George III. It is named in honour of two military saints, Michael and George. The Order of St Michael and St George was originally awarded to those holding commands or high position in the Mediterranean territories acquired in the Napoleonic Wars, and it was subsequently extended to holders of similar office or position in other territories of the British Empire. It is at present awarded to men and women who hold high office or who render extraordinary or important non-military service to the United Kingdom in a foreign country, and it can also be conferred for important or loyal service in relation to foreign and Commonwealth affairs. Description The three classes of appointment to the Order are, from highest grade to lowest grade: # Knight Grand ...
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Robert Garran
Sir Robert Randolph Garran (10 February 1867 – 11 January 1957) was an Australian lawyer who became "Australia's first public servant" – the first federal government employee after the federation of the Australian colonies. He served as the departmental secretary of the Attorney-General's Department from 1901 to 1932, and after 1916 also held the position of Solicitor-General of Australia. Garran was born in Sydney, the son of the journalist and politician Andrew Garran. He studied arts and law at the University of Sydney and was called to the bar in 1891. Garran was a keen supporter of the federation movement, and became acquainted with leading federalists like George Reid and Edmund Barton. At the 1897–98 constitutional convention he served as secretary of the drafting committee. On 1 January 1901, Garran was chosen by Barton's caretaker government as its first employee; for a brief period, he was the only member of the Commonwealth Public Service. His first dut ...
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George Knowles
Sir George Shaw Knowles (14 March 188222 November 1947) was an Australian public servant and diplomat. He served as departmental secretary of the Attorney-General's Department from 1932 to 1946, and was then the inaugural Australian High Commissioner to South Africa from 1946 until his death the following year. Early life Knowles was born in Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, on 14 March 1882. He was the son of Mary () and George Hopley Knowles; his father was born in Staffordshire, England, while his mother was a native Queenslander. He was educated at Warwick West Boys' School and Toowoomba Grammar School. Public service career In 1898, Knowles joined the Queensland Public Service as a junior clerk, initially working in the Stock Department and later in the Attorney-General's Department. He attended night classes in accountancy at Brisbane Central Technical College. Knowles joined the Commonwealth Public Service in 1902 as a clerk in the Australian National Audit Office. Th ...
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Order Of St Michael And St George
The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince of Wales (the future King George IV), while he was acting as prince regent for his father, King George III. It is named in honour of two military saints, Michael (archangel), Michael and Saint George, George. The Order of St Michael and St George was originally awarded to those holding commands or high position in the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean territories acquired in the Napoleonic Wars, and it was subsequently extended to holders of similar office or position in other territories of the British Empire. It is at present awarded to men and women who hold high office or who render extraordinary or important non-military service to the United Kingdom in a foreign country, and it can also be conferred for important or loyal service in relation to foreign and Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth affairs. Description The three classes of ap ...
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Companion Of The Order Of The British Empire
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male or a dame if female. There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with the order, but are not members of it. The order was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V, who created the order to recognise 'such persons, male or female, as may have rendered or shall hereafter render important services to Our Empire'. Equal recognition was to be given for services rendered in the UK and overseas. Today, the majority of recipients are UK citizens, though a number of Commonwealth realms outside the UK continue to make appointments to the order. Honorary awards may be made to citizens of other nations of which the order's sovereign is not the head of state. Cur ...
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Sitara-e-Pakistan
Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan are awards and decorations which are bestowed by the Government of Pakistan for acts of accomplishment benefiting the nation as a whole. It was established after the constitution of Pakistan was passed in 1973. The announcement of civil awards is generally made once a year on Independence Day, August 14, and their investiture takes place on the following Pakistan Day, March 23. According to Article 259 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, along with the Decorations Act, 1975, the President of Pakistan confers civil awards on Pakistani citizens in recognition of gallantry. Awards for Pride of Performance are conferred for outstanding achievements in the fields of art, literature, science, sports and nursing. Background Civil awards were incorporated into the constitution of Pakistan following recommendation from then-Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Although Bhutto asserted that public service was a patriotic duty that did not require ...
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Attorney-General's Department (Australia)
The Attorney-General's Department, also known as the Department of the Attorney-General, is the law enforcement and justice department of the Australian Government. The department is responsible for improving Australia's Law of Australia, federal law and justice framework and provides legal services to the Australian Government. The department also oversees various sub-agencies and services including the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO), the Australian Federal Police (AFP), the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) and the Director of Public Prosecutions (Australia), Director of Public Prosecutions. The head of the department is Attorney-General for Australia, currently Michelle Rowland, who is assisted by the Departmental secretary, Secretary of the Attorney-General's Department, currently Katherine Jones . History The Attorney-General's Department is one of seven original Commonwealth Departments of state, commencing with the Commonwealth of Australia on ...
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