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Colorado River Aqueduct
The Colorado River Aqueduct, or CRA, is a water conveyance in Southern California in the United States, operated by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. The aqueduct impounds water from the Colorado River at Lake Havasu on the California–Arizona border, west across the Mojave and Colorado deserts to the east side of the Santa Ana Mountains. It is one of the primary sources of drinking water for Southern California. Originally conceived by William Mulholland and designed by Chief Engineer Frank E. Weymouth of the MWD, it was the largest public works project in southern California during the Great Depression. The project employed 30,000 people over an eight-year period and as many as 10,000 at one time. The system is composed of two reservoirs, five pumping stations, of canals, of tunnels, and of buried conduit and siphons. Average annual throughput is . Route The Colorado River Aqueduct begins near Parker Dam on the Colorado River. There, the water ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parker Dam
Parker Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam that crosses the Colorado River downstream of Hoover Dam. Built between 1934 and 1938 by the Bureau of Reclamation, it is high, of which are below the riverbed (the deep excavation was necessary in order to reach the bedrock on which the foundation of the dam was built), making it the deepest dam in the world. The portion of the dam above the foundation stands tall, making it the only dam in the world that stands more underground than above ground. The dam's primary functions are to create a reservoir, and to generate hydroelectric power. The reservoir behind the dam is called Lake Havasu and can store . The dam straddles the Arizona-California state border at the narrows the river passes through between the Whipple Mountains in San Bernardino County, California and the Buckskin Mountains in La Paz County, Arizona. Power generation The power plant has four Francis turbines with a combined capacity of 120 MW. Each turbine weighs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Mulholland
William Mulholland (September 11, 1855 – July 22, 1935) was an Irish American self-taught civil engineer who was responsible for building the infrastructure to provide a water supply that allowed Los Angeles to grow into the largest city in California. As the head of a predecessor to the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, Mulholland designed and supervised the building of the Los Angeles Aqueduct, a system to move water from Owens Valley to the San Fernando Valley. The creation and operation of the aqueduct led to the disputes known as the California water wars. In March 1928, Mulholland's career came to an end when the St. Francis Dam failed just over 12 hours after his assistant and he gave it a safety inspection. Early life William Mulholland was born in Belfast, Ireland, part of the United Kingdom. His parents Hugh and Ellen Mulholland were Dubliners and they returned to the city a few years after William's birth. His younger brother, Hugh Jr., was born in 1856. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Angeles Metropolitan Area
Greater Los Angeles is the most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. state of California, encompassing five counties in Southern California extending from Ventura County in the west to San Bernardino County and Riverside County in the east, with the city of Los Angeles and Los Angeles County, California, Los Angeles County at its center, and Orange County, California, Orange County to the southeast. The Los Angeles–Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA) covers , making it the largest metropolitan region in the United States by land area. The contiguous urban area is , whereas the remainder mostly consists of mountain and desert areas. With an estimated population of almost 18.6 million (California Department of Finance, 2025), it is the second-largest metropolitan area in the country, behind New York metropolitan area, New York, as well as one of the megacity, largest megacities in the world. In addition to being the nexus of the global entertainment industry, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Diego County
San Diego County (), officially the County of San Diego, is a county in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of California, north to its border with Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,298,634; it is the second-most populous county in California and the fifth-most populous in the United States. Its county seat is San Diego, the second-most populous city in California and the eighth-most populous in the United States. It is the southwesternmost county in the 48 contiguous United States, and is a border county. It is home to 18 Indian reservations, the most of any county in the United States. There are 16 military installations of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard in the county. San Diego County comprises the San Diego–Chula Vista–Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is the 17th most populous metropolitan statistical area and the 18th most populous primary statistical area in the United States. San Diego County is also part o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Diego Aqueduct
The San Diego Aqueduct is a system of four aqueducts in the U.S. state of California, supplying about 70 percent of the water supply for the city of San Diego. The system comprises the First and Second San Diego Aqueducts, carrying water from the Colorado River west to reservoirs on the outskirts of San Diego. The First Aqueduct consists of pipelines 1 and 2, which run from the Colorado River Aqueduct near San Jacinto, California, to San Vicente Reservoir, approximately northeast of the city. Pipelines 3 and 4 make up the Second Aqueduct. Together, these four pipelines have a capacity of . The smaller, Fallbrook-Ocean Branch branches from the First Aqueduct into Murray Reservoir. The La Mesa-Sweetwater Branch originates from the First Aqueduct, flowing into Sweetwater Reservoir. Construction The First Aqueduct was designed by the Bureau of Reclamation The Bureau of Reclamation, formerly the United States Reclamation Service, is a List of United States federal agenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Jacinto Mountains
The San Jacinto Mountains ()Munro, P., et al. ''A Mojave Dictionary''. Los Angeles: UCLA. 1992. are a mountain range in Riverside County, California, Riverside County, located east of Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles in southern California in the United States. The mountains are named for one of the first Dominican Order, Black Friars, Hyacinth of Poland, Saint Hyacinth (), who is a popular patron in Latin America. Geography The range extends for approximately from the San Bernardino Mountains southeast to the Santa Rosa Mountains (California), Santa Rosa Mountains. The San Jacinto Mountains are the northernmost of the Peninsular Ranges, which run from Southern California to the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. The highest peak in the range is San Jacinto Peak (3,302 m; 10,834 ft), and the range is also a Great Basin Divide landform for the Salton Sea, Salton Watershed to the east. The hills east of Live Oak Canyon Road, in San Bernardino County, are the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Jacinto Tunnel
The San Jacinto tunnel is considered the key link in Colorado River Aqueduct system. The 13 mi (21 km) long, 16 ft (4.9 m) diameter tunnel runs beneath the San Jacinto Mountains between Cabazon, California and Gilman Hot Springs in Riverside County, California, United States. History The $23 million project started on April 8, 1933. Tunnel crews dug from four directions: the two main portals and two ventilation shafts. On July 1, 1934, one of the tunnel crews narrowly escaped the tunnel as ground water burst in and began filling the tunnel and shafts at a rate of nearly 8,000 US gallons per minute (0.50 m3/s). Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) Chief Engineer Frank E. Weymouth had noted in his 1930 report on the tunnel routes that the Parker route “involves less risk than any of the other proposed lines.” The continued intrusion of water was more than the original contractors could handle, and in February 1935 the MWD terminated the contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cabazon, CA
Cabazon (Spanish: ''Cabazón'') is an unincorporated community in Riverside County, California, United States. Cabazon is on the Pacific Crest Trail. In the 21st century, the area has become a tourist stop, due to the Morongo Casino, Resort & Spa and Desert Hills Premium Outlets. The population was 2,629 during the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Cabazon as a census-designated place (CDP). History Cabazon was initially established as a settlement in the 1870s after the Southern Pacific Railroad built a railroad station there. The station was originally named ''Jacinto,'' but was renamed ''Cabezone'' after the Spanish name of a nearby Indian '' rancheria.'' The Spanish had named the latter after a chief of the Cahuilla Indians during the colonial period. He was named for his large head. In the late 19th century, a workers' camp known as Hall's Siding, which included a hotel and dance hall, developed. It was abandoned after the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coachella Valley
The Coachella Valley ( ) is an arid rift valley in the Colorado Desert of Southern California in Riverside County. The valley has been referred to as Greater Palm Springs and occasionally the Palm Springs Area due to the historic prominence of the city of Palm Springs. The valley extends approximately southeast from the San Gorgonio Pass to the northern shore of the Salton Sea and the neighboring Imperial Valley, and is approximately wide along most of its length. It is bounded on the northeast by the San Bernardino and Little San Bernardino Mountains, and on the southwest by the San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains. The Coachella Valley is notable as the location of several wintertime resort cities that have become popular destinations for full time retirees and seasonal residents known as snowbirds. The valley is also known for a number of annual events, including the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, the Stagecoach Country Music Festival, and the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eagle Mountains
The Eagle Mountains are located in northeastern Riverside County, California, U.S. Geography The range lies to the north of Interstate 10 (California) off County Route R2 (California) and west— and southwest of the Coxcomb Mountains. They are the location of Eagle Mountain, the Kaiser Steel Eagle Mountain iron mine's ghost town, and one of the largest open pit iron ore mines, now closed, in the country. The Eagle Mountains lie partly within eastern Joshua Tree National Park. The mountains reach an elevation of inside the park, at the western end of the range near Cottonwood Pass. They are in the Colorado Desert region of the Sonoran Desert, approaching the transition to the higher Mojave Desert at coordinates . See also *List of Sonoran Desert wildflowers * List of flora of the Sonoran Desert Region by common name *North American desert flora * Joshua Tree National Park wiki-index *Mountain ranges of the Colorado Desert *Mountain ranges of the Mojave Desert *Prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron Mountains (California)
The Iron Mountains are a mountain range in eastern San Bernardino County, California. The southern end of the range extends into Riverside County north of Granite Pass.''California Atlas & Gazetteer,'' DeLorme, 4th ed. 2015, p. 145 The range is bordered on the east by Ward Valley with the Turtle Mountains beyond. To the north lie the Old Woman Mountains. To the west across Cadiz Valley lie the Calumet Mountains. To the southwest lie the Coxcomb Mountains within Joshua Tree National Monument and to the south across Granite Pass and California State Route 62 are the Granite Mountains. The Iron Mountain Pump Plant sits adjacent to the east side of the range and the Colorado River Aqueduct traverses the range through the Iron Mountain Tunnel. During World War II, from 1942 to 1944, near the Iron Mountains the US Army built Camp Iron Mountain to train troops and prepare them to do battle in North Africa to fight the Nazis. At Camp Iron Mountain were stationed the 2nd Armor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whipple Mountains
The Whipple Mountains ( Mojave: Avii Kur'utat; Chemehuevi: Wiyaatuʷa̱) are located in eastern San Bernardino County, California. They are directly west of the Colorado River, Parker Dam, and Lake Havasu; south of Needles, California; north of Parker, Arizona and Vidal, California; and northeast of Vidal Junction, California. The mountain forms a major direction change of the north-south Colorado River as it changes directions to southeast, then southwest around the eastern perimeter of the Whipple Mountains. The highest point of the mountains, and the Whipple Mountains Wilderness is Whipple Mountain at . The western portion of the mountain range has pale green formations, differing from the eastern, steeply carved and striking brick-red volcanics. Landforms are diverse and range from valley floors and washes to steep-walled canyons, domed peaks, natural bridges, and eroded spires.U.S. Bureau of Land Management websit''Whipple Mountains Wilderness'' Retrieved 2011-01-27 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
