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Colony Investment Management
A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule, which rules the territory and its indigenous peoples separated from the foreign rulers, the colonizer, and their ''metropole'' (or "mother country"). This separated rule was often organized into colonial empires, with their metropoles at their centers, making colonies neither annexed or even integrated territories, nor client states. Particularly new imperialism and its colonialism advanced this separated rule and its lasting coloniality. Colonies were most often set up and colonized for exploitation and possibly settlement by colonists. The term colony originates from the ancient Roman , a type of Roman settlement. Derived from ''colonus'' (farmer, cultivator, planter, or settler), it carries with it the sense of 'farm' and 'landed estate'. Furthermore, the term was used to refer to the older Greek ''apoikia'' (), which were overseas settlements by ancient Greek city-states. The city that founded such a settlement b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Rule
Foreign domination (or foreign rule) is a term used in the historiography of multiple countries to characterize successive periods of rule by foreign powers. China China was under foreign rule in the years of the Yuan dynasty and of the Qing dynasty. Both dynasties however became gradually Chinese as time passed. Italy Foreign domination is commonly used to describe the condition of foreign rule over Italian states at the beginning of the Risorgimento, when the only state left under local Italian rule was Piedmont-Sardinia ( predecessor state of Italy) whereas much of the north was under the Habsburgs. All of Italy was organised in independent states from the 11th-12th century as a result of the Walk to Canossa and the Treaty of Venice, but this condition was gradually lost between the end of the Italian Wars and the balance of power established by the Congress of Vienna. Spain Two foreign dynasties came to power in Spain, the House of Habsburg in 1516 and the House of B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metropolis
A metropolis () is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. A big city belonging to a larger urban area, urban agglomeration, but which is not the core of that agglomeration, is not generally considered a metropolis but a part of it. The plural of the word is ''metropolises'', although the Latin plural is , from the Greek (). For urban areas outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction on a smaller scale for their region, the concept of the regiopolis ("regio" for short) was introduced by urban and regional planning researchers in Germany in 2006. Etymology () is a Greek language, Greek word, (plural: ) coming from , meaning "mother" and , meaning "city" or "town", which is how the Greek colonisation, Greek colonies of antiquity referred to their original cities, with whom they retained c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puppet State
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government is a State (polity), state that is ''de jure'' independent but ''de facto'' completely dependent upon an outside Power (international relations), power and subject to its orders.Compare: Puppet states have nominal Sovereign state, sovereignty, except that a foreign power effectively exercises control through economic or military support. By leaving a local government in existence the outside power evades all responsibility, while at the same time successfully paralysing the local government they tolerate. Puppet states differ from Alliance, allies, who choose their actions of their own initiative or in accordance with Treaty, treaties they have voluntarily entered. Puppet states are forced into Rubber stamp (politics), legally endorsing actions already taken by a foreign power. Characteristics Puppet states are "endowed with the outward symbols of authority", such as a name, National flag, flag, anthem, cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indirect Rule
Indirect rule was a system of public administration, governance used by imperial powers to control parts of their empires. This was particularly used by colonial empires like the British Empire to control their possessions in Colonisation of Africa, Africa and Western imperialism in Asia, Asia, which was done through pre-existing indigenous power structures. Indirect rule was used by various colonial rulers such as: the French in French Algeria, Algeria and French protectorate of Tunisia, Tunisia, the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies, East Indies, the Portuguese in Portuguese Angola, Angola and Portuguese Mozambique, Mozambique and the Belgians in Ruanda-Urundi, Rwanda and Burundi. These dependencies were often called "protectorates" or "trucial states". Through this system, the day-to-day government and administration of both small and large areas were left in the hands of traditional rulers, who gained prestige and the stability and protection afforded by the Pax Britannica (in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interventionism (politics)
Interventionism, in international politics, is the interference of a state or group of states into the domestic affairs of another state for the purposes of coercing that state to do something or refrain from doing something. The intervention can be conducted through military force or economic coercion. A different term, economic interventionism, refers to government interventions into markets at home. Military intervention, which is a common element of interventionism, has been defined by Martha Finnemore in the context of international relations as "the deployment of military personnel across recognized boundaries for the purpose of determining the political authority structure in the target state". Interventions may be solely focused on altering political authority structures, or may be conducted for humanitarian purposes, or for debt collection. Interventionism has played a major role in the foreign policies of Western powers, particularly during and after the Victorian e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power (international Relations)
In international relations, power is defined in several different ways. Material definitions of state power emphasize economic and military power. Other definitions of power emphasize the ability to structure and constitute the nature of social relations between actors. Power is an attribute of particular actors in their interactions, as well as a social process that constitutes the social identities and capacities of actors. International relations scholars use the term Polarity (international relations), polarity to describe the distribution of power in the international system. Unipolarity refers to an international system characterized by one hegemon (e.g. the United States in the post–Cold War era), bipolarity to an order with two great powers or blocs of states (e.g. the Cold War), and multipolarity refers to the presence of three or more great powers. Those states that have significant amounts of power within the international system are referred to as small powers, mid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dependency Theory
Dependency theory is the idea that resources flow from a " periphery" of poor and exploited states to a " core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. A central contention of dependency theory is that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the " world system". This theory was officially developed in the late 1960s following World War II, as scholars searched for the root issue in the lack of development in Latin America. The theory arose as a reaction to modernization theory, an earlier theory of development which held that all societies progress through similar stages of development, that today's underdeveloped areas are thus in a similar situation to that of today's developed areas at some time in the past, and that, therefore, the task of helping the underdeveloped areas out of poverty is to accelerate them along this supposed common path of development, by various means such as investment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Occupation
Military occupation, also called belligerent occupation or simply occupation, is temporary hostile control exerted by a ruling power's military apparatus over a sovereign territory that is outside of the legal boundaries of that ruling power's own sovereign territory.Eyal Benvenisti. The international law of occupation. Princeton University Press, 2004. , p. 43 The controlled territory is called ''occupied'' territory, and the ruling power is called the ''occupant''. Occupation's intended temporary nature distinguishes it from annexation and colonialism. The occupant often establishes military rule to facilitate administration of the occupied territory, though this is not a necessary characteristic of occupation. The rules of occupation are delineated in various international agreements—primarily the Hague Convention of 1907, the Geneva Conventions, and also by long-established state practice. The relevant international conventions, the International Committee of the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conquered
Conquest involves the annexation or control of another entity's territory through war or coercion. Historically, conquests occurred frequently in the international system, and there were limited normative or legal prohibitions against conquest. The onset and diffusion of nationalism (the belief that nation and state should be congruent), especially in the 19th century, made the idea of conquest increasingly unacceptable to popular opinion. Prohibitions against conquest were codified with the establishment of the League of Nations following World War I and of the United Nations at the end of World War II. Scholars have debated the strength of a norm against conquest since 1945. Conquest of large swaths of territory has been rare since the end of World War II. However, states have continued to pursue annexation of small territories. History Military history provides many examples of conquest: the Roman conquest of Britain, the Mauryan conquest of Afghanistan and of vast are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonization
475px, Map of the year each country achieved List of sovereign states by date of formation, independence. Colonization (British English: colonisation) is a process of establishing occupation of or control over foreign territories or peoples for the purpose of cultivation, exploitation, trade and possibly settlement, setting up coloniality and often colonies. Colonization is commonly pursued and maintained by, but distinct from, imperialism, mercantilism, or colonialism. The term "colonization" is sometimes used synonymously with the word "settling", as with colonisation in biology. Settler colonialism is a type of colonization structured and enforced by the settlers directly, while their or their ancestors' metropolitan country ('' metropole'') maintains a connection or control through the settler's activities. In settler colonization, a minority group rules either through the assimilation or oppression of the existing inhabitants, or by establishing itself as the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Territorial Claim
A land claim is "the pursuit of recognized territorial ownership by a group or individual". The phrase is usually only used with respect to disputed or unresolved land claims. Some types of land claims include aboriginal land claims, Antarctic land claims, and post-colonial land claims. The term is also sometimes used when referring to disputed territories like Western Sahara or to refer to the claims of displaced persons. In the colonial times of the United States, American men could claim a piece of land for themselves and the claim has different level of merit according to the de facto conditions: # claim without any action on the ground # claim with (movable) property of the claimant on the ground # claim with the claimant visiting the land # claim with claimant living on the land. Today, only small areas of unclaimed land remain, yet large plots of land with little economical value (e.g., in Alaska) can still be bought for very low prices. Also, in certain parts of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Factory (trading Post)
Factory was the common name during the medieval and early modern eras for an entrepôt – which was essentially an early form of free-trade zone or transshipment point. At a factory, local inhabitants could interact with foreign merchants, often known as factor (agent), factors. First established in Europe, factories eventually spread to many other parts of the world. The origin of the word ''factory'' is (; ; , ). The factories established by European states in Africa, Asia and the Americas from the 15th century onward also tended to be official political Dependent territory, dependencies of those states. These have been seen, in retrospect, as the precursors of colonialism, colonial expansion. A factory could serve simultaneously as market (place), market, warehouse, customs, defense and support to navigation and exploration, headquarters or ''de facto'' government of local communities. In North America, Europeans began to North American fur trade, trade with Natives duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
