CloudNine Communications
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CloudNine Communications
CloudNine Communications was a small Internet service provider (ISP) in Britain. After a crippling Denial-of-service attack#Distributed attack, DDoS attack in January 2002, it was forced to sell its business to competitor Zetnet. CloudNine was one of Britain's original ISPs. It had been in business for six years. Cloud Nine was run by Emeric Miszti, CEO and John Parr, Director of Operations. It was based out of the Beresford Centre, Basingstoke and employed approx. 15 people. The company was formed in April 1996 and specialised in providing email services and software, web site hosting and was one of the first companies providing Software As A Service (SaaS) with MS Exchange and MSSQL. It had over 30,000 business customers. Cloud Nine was voted ISP Review ISP of the Year 2000 and was continuously listed in the Top 10 rated UK ISP's (on ISP Review) from October 2000 through to January 2002. References * *As cited by Thompson Course Technology
* * Defunct telecommuni ...
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Internet Service Provider
An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides a myriad of services related to accessing, using, managing, or participating in the Internet. ISPs can be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned. Internet services typically provided by ISPs can include internet access, internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, and colocation. History The Internet (originally ARPAnet) was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. Other companies and organizations joined by direct connection to the backbone, or by arrangements through other connected companies, sometimes using dialup tools such as UUCP. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. Some restrictions were removed by 1991, shortly after the introduction of the World Wide Web. During the 1980s, online s ...
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Denial-of-service Attack
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyberattack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to a network. Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled. The range of attacks varies widely, spanning from inundating a server with millions of requests to slow its performance, overwhelming a server with a substantial amount of invalid data, to submitting requests with an illegitimate IP address. In a distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack), the incoming traffic flooding the victim originates from many different sources. More sophisticated strategies are required to mitigate this type of attack; simply attempting to block a single source is insuffic ...
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Zetnet
Zetnet was one of the UK's oldest internet service providers and according to New Scientist is the brainchild of Ghufar Razaq and Graeme Storey. It was founded in Lerwick, in the Shetland Isles. According to the Shetland Fishing News, a journal of Shetland's fishing industry, the company began trading on 13 October 1994. History In October 1994, Zetnet began trading as Zetnet Services. It became a Limited Company (Zetnet Services Ltd) in October 1995. In 1996, Zetnet was thrown into the media spotlight through what nearly became a landmark legal case testing UK copyright laws on the internet. In March 1999 Zetnet founded online gaming service Netgames UK, the brainchild of Sandy Sandom and Phil O'Malley. It was originally a wholly owned subsidiary, sharing Zetnet technical staff, but was sold in May 2000 and incorporated as Netgames UK Ltd. The company was run successfully until August 2001 when reports of a press release detailing a fall-out between Netgames UK management an ...
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Principles Of Information Security
''Principles of Information Security'' is a textbook written by Michael Whitman and Herbert Mattord and published by Course Technology. It is in widespread use in higher education in the United States as well as in many English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...-speaking countries. Editions First edition The initial edition of this text was published in 2002. Second edition The second edition was published in 2004. Third edition The third edition was published in 2008. The bound text contained 550 pages.Whitman, M. E. & Mattord, H. J., Principles of Information Security, 3rd ed. 2008 Course Technology, Boston, MA, Fourth edition Publication Date: January 1, 2011; Authors: Michael E. Whitman, Herbert J. Mattord. Fifth edition Publication date: Novem ...
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Defunct Telecommunications Companies Of The United Kingdom
Defunct may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, or no longer useful, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when comp ...
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British Companies Established In 1996
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** British Isles, an island group ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** British Empire, a historical global colonial empire ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) * British Raj, colonial India under the British Empire * British Hong Kong, colonial H ...
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Telecommunications Companies Established In 1996
Telecommunication, often used in its plural form or abbreviated as telecom, is the transmission of information over a distance using electronic means, typically through cables, radio waves, or other communication technologies. These means of transmission may be divided into communication channels for multiplexing, allowing for a single medium to transmit several concurrent communication sessions. Long-distance technologies invented during the 20th and 21st centuries generally use electric power, and include the telegraph, telephone, television, and radio. Early telecommunication networks used metal wires as the medium for transmitting signals. These networks were used for telegraphy and telephony for many decades. In the first decade of the 20th century, a revolution in wireless communication began with breakthroughs including those made in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi, who won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics. Other early pioneers in electrical and electronic tel ...
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Tech Aero Aircraft
Tech or The Tech may refer to: * An abbreviation of technology or technician *Tech Dinghy, an American sailing dinghy developed at MIT *Tech (mascot), the mascot of Louisiana Tech University, U.S. * Tech (river), in southern France * "Tech" (''Smash''), a 2012 episode of TV series ''Smash'' * ''The Tech'' (newspaper), newspaper at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology * The Tech Interactive, formerly The Tech Museum of Innovation, or The Tech, a museum in San Jose, California, U.S. * Tech Tower, a building at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. See also * USS ''Tech Jr.'' (SP-1761), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission in 1917 * USS ''Tech III'' (SP-1055), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission in 1917 *Technical (other) *Technique (other) Technique or techniques may refer to: Music * The Techniques, a Jamaican rocksteady vocal group of the 1960s *Technique (band), a British female synth pop band in the 1990s * ' ...
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1996 Establishments In England
1996 was designated as: * International Year for the Eradication of Poverty Events January * January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kinshasa, killing around 300 people. * January 9– 20 – Serious fighting breaks out between Russian soldiers and rebel fighters in Chechnya. * January 11 – Ryutaro Hashimoto, leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, becomes Prime Minister of Japan. * January 13 – Italy's Prime Minister, Lamberto Dini, resigns after the failure of all-party talks to confirm him. New talks are initiated by President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro to form a new government. * January 14 – Jorge Sampaio is elected President of Portugal. * January 16 – President of Sierra Leone Valentine Strasser is deposed by the chief of defence, Julius Maada Bio. Bio promises to restore power following elections scheduled for February. * January ...
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