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Clitocybe Amarescens
''Clitocybe amarescens'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Widely distributed in northwestern Europe, it was first described in 1969 by Finnish mycologist Harri Harmaja. It fruits in groups or in fairy rings in grasslands. ''Amarescens'' signifies "tending to bitterness". Description The cap of this mushroom measures 3-6 cm across, and is hygrophanous, coloured grey-brown when moist, and pale brown when dry. Initially, the shape is convex with an inrolled margin, though it flattens out and becomes depressed with age. In young specimens, the cap is darker and can have a powdery appearance ( pruinescence), though its surface is smooth. The stipe is a similar colour to the cap when moist, though darker when dry and is solid at first, though it becomes hollow with age. It is cylindrical, and its base is covered in densely matted hairs (tomentum), though rarely, it also has inconspicuous rhizoids too. The gills are moderately decurrent, attached to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystoderma Carcharias
''Cystoderma carcharias'', is a species of agaric in the fungal family Agaricaceae. It has a widespread distribution, and has been collected in coniferous forests and grasslands in Asia, Europe, North America, and the subantarctic islands. In the field, fruit bodies are characterized by a pink cap up to broad, a well-developed ring on the stem, and an unpleasant odour. Taxonomy The species was first described scientifically by Christian Hendrik Persoon, who named it ''Agaricus carcharias'' in 1794. Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod assigned it its current name in 1889. The specific epithet ''carcharias'' is probably derived from the Greek καρχαρός (''karcharos'') which means sharp, pointed or jagged. καρχαρίας (''karcharias'') is translated as shark. Description The fruiting body of ''Cystoderma carcharias'' is a relatively small agaric. The fruiting body is characterised by an off-white and pale pink-tinged cap with a distinct darker central spot, and a powd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Found In Fairy Rings
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi'' or ''Eumycetes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitocybe
''Clitocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus. ''Clitocybe'' means ''sloping head''. A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of ''Clitocybe'' is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis of microscopic characters. Therefore, with the exception of a few charismatic and readily identified members, ''Clitocybe'' mushrooms are rarely collected for consumption. Taxonomy ''Clitocybe'' was originally proposed by Elias Fries in 1821 as a tribe in the genus ''Agaricus''. Friedrich Staude elevated it to generic status in 1857. Recent molecular work has shown the genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland (, ; ) is a Regions of Finland, region ('','' ) of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Tavastia Proper, Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), Uusimaa, and Åland. The regional capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki. The region largely corresponds to the historical province of Finland Proper (historical province), Finland Proper. Until 2019, its official English name was Finland Proper, a designation still used in Finnish () and Swedish (). Origin of the name ''Finland Proper'' The name ''Finland Proper'' has historical roots. In Early Middle Ages, in the area of the present-day Southern Finland was inhabited by three main tribes: the Finns proper, Finns, the Tavastians and the Karelians (Finns), Karelians. The southwestern part of the country, where the Finns lived, was originally called simply ''Finland'' (''Suomi'' in Finnish). By the 17th century, the name ''Finland'' began to be us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocomium
''Hylocomium'' is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Hylocomiaceae. The genus was first described by Wilhelm Philippe Schimper in 1852. Species: * ''Hylocomium interruptum'' Margadant, 1972 * ''Hylocomium splendens'' W.P. Schimper, 1852 * ''Hylocomiastrum umbratum ''Hylocomiastrum'' is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Hylocomiaceae Hylocomiaceae is a family (biology), family of mosses in the order Hypnales. It includes 14 genera and around 36 species. Genera Genera include: * ''Hylocomiadelph ...'' (Ehrh. ex Hedw.) M. Fleisch. References Moss genera Hylocomiaceae {{hypnales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurozium
''Pleurozium'' is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Hylocomiaceae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution. Species: * '' Pleurozium flagellare'' (Schimp.) Kindb. * '' Pleurozium quitense'' (Mitt.) B.H.Allen & Magill * ''Pleurozium schreberi ''Pleurozium schreberi'', the red-stemmed feathermoss or Schreber's big red stem moss, is a moss with a loose growth pattern. The prefix 'pleuro-' is derived from the Latin word for ribs, possibly referring to the way the branches extend from the ...'' (Brid.) Mitt. References Moss genera Hylocomiaceae Taxa named by William Mitten {{hypnales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spruce
A spruce is a tree of the genus ''Picea'' ( ), a genus of about 40 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal ecosystem, boreal (taiga) regions of the Northern hemisphere. ''Picea'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Piceoideae. Spruces are large trees, from about 20 to 60 m (about 60–200 ft) tall when mature, and have Whorl (botany), whorled branches and cone (geometry), conical form. Spruces can be distinguished from other Genus, genera of the family Pinaceae by their pine needle, needles (leaves), which are four-sided and attached singly to small persistent peg-like structures (pulvini or sterigmata) on the branches, and by their seed cone, cones (without any protruding bracts), which hang downwards after they are pollinated. The needles are shed when 4–10 years old, leaving the branches rough with the retained pegs. In other similar genera, the branches are fairly smooth. Spruce are used as food pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ericaceae
The Ericaceae () are a Family (biology), family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica (plant), Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including Herbaceous plant, herbs, chamaephyte, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are Plant sexuality#Individual plant sexuality, hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidium
A basidium (: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group. These bodies are also called tertiary mycelia, which are highly coiled versions of secondary mycelia. A basidium usually bears four sexual spores called basidiospores. Occasionally the number may be two or even eight. Each reproductive spore is produced at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (), and is forcefully expelled at full growth. The word ''basidium'' literally means "little pedestal". This is the way the basidium supports the spores. However, some biologists suggest that the structure looks more like a club. A partially grown basidium is known as a basidiole. Structure Most basidiomycota have single celled basidia (holobasidia), but some have ones with many cells (a phragmobasidia). For instance, rust fungi in the order ''Puccinal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterigma
In biology, a sterigma (: sterigmata) is a small supporting structure. It commonly refers to an extension of the basidium (the spore-bearing cells) consisting of a basal filamentous part and a slender projection which carries a spore at the tip. The sterigmata are formed on the basidium as it develops and undergoes meiosis, to result in the production of (typically) four nuclei. The nuclei gradually migrate to the tips of the basidium, and one nucleus will migrate into each spore that develops at the tip of each sterigma. In less common usage, a sterigma is a structure within the posterior end of the genitalia of female Lepidoptera. It also refers to the stem-like structure, also called a "woody peg" at the base of the leaves of some, but not all conifers, specifically ''Picea'' and ''Tsuga ''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of '' Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The English-language common name "h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
