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Claude Pithoys
Claude Pithoys (1587, Vitry-le-François - 1676, Sedan) was a French professor of philosophy and law at the Academy of Sedan, Protestant convert and librarian for the Duc de Bouillon. He was raised a Franciscan but in 1632 "he renounced his vows, abjured his faith and became a Protestant, throwing himself under the protection of the Duc de Bouillon who secured for him a post in the protestant Academy of Sedan"; he maintained this post until 1675. He is best known for his part in what historian of religion Ioan Culianu called "one of the most famous cases of demonic possession in the seventeenth century" where, in 1618, a young widow of Nancy, France, Elisabeth de Ranfaing, fell into the hands of the local doctor, Charles Poirot, who allegedly proceeded to violate her and give her medicine - intending to cause demonic possession. Pithoys was called to perform an exorcism but refused and instead wrote his ''Descouverture des faux possedez'' (1621) where he attacked the doctor's ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitry-le-François
Vitry-le-François () is a commune in the Marne department in northeastern France. It is located on the river Marne and is the western terminus of the Marne–Rhine Canal. Vitry-le-François station has rail connections to Paris, Reims, Strasbourg, Metz, Dijon and several regional destinations. History The present town is a relatively recent construction, having been built in 1545 at the behest of King Francis who wished to replace, on a new site, Vitry-en-Perthois, which in 1544 had been entirely destroyed as part of the backwash from the king's Italian War of 1542–46. The new Vitry was to be a modern city, constructed according to a plan produced by Girolamo Marini. The king's role in its creation resulted in Vitry-le-François receiving the king's name as part of its own name. At the beginning of World War I in August 1914, Joseph Joffre established the Grand Quartier Général at the Place Royer-Collard. Demography Features * Its church of Notre-Dame is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sedan, Ardennes
Sedan () is a commune in the Ardennes department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France. It is also the chef-lieu (administrative centre) of the arrondissement of the same name. Location The town is situated about 200 km from Paris, 85 km north-east of Reims, and 10 km south of the border with Belgium. The historic centre occupies a peninsula formed by a bend in the river Meuse. Sedan station has rail connections to Charleville-Mézières, Reims and Longwy. The A34 autoroute links Sedan with Charleville-Mézières and Reims. History Sedan was founded in 1424. In the 16th century Sédan was an asylum for Protestant refugees from the Wars of Religion. Until 1651, the Principality of Sedan belonged to the La Tour d'Auvergne family. It was at that time a sovereign principality. Their representative, Marshal Turenne, was born at Sedan on 11 September 1611. With help from the Holy Roman Empire, it defeated France at the Battle of La Marfée. Immediately afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophy
Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, Epistemology, knowledge, Ethics, values, Philosophy of mind, mind, and Philosophy of language, language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some sources claim the term was coined by Pythagoras ( BCE), although this theory is disputed by some. Philosophical methodology, Philosophical methods include Socratic questioning, questioning, Socratic method, critical discussion, dialectic, rational argument, and systematic presentation. in . Historically, ''philosophy'' encompassed all bodies of knowledge and a practitioner was known as a ''philosopher''."The English word "philosophy" is first attested to , meaning "knowledge, body of knowledge." "natural philosophy," which began as a discipline in ancient India and Ancient Greece, encompasses astronomy, medicine, and physics. For example, Isaac Newton, Newton's 1687 ''Phil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of Sedan
The Academy of Sedan ( Fr.: ''Académie de Sedan'') was a Huguenot academy in Sedan in the Principality of Sedan, founded in 1579 and suppressed in 1681. It was one of the main centres for the production of Reformed pastors in France for a hundred years. History The Academy of Sedan was modeled on the Academy of Geneva (which is today the University of Geneva), which was founded by John Calvin in 1559. It was organized by the efforts of Françoise de Bourbon-Vendôme, Princess of Sedan, daughter of Louis III de Bourbon, Duke of Montpensier and wife of Henri-Robert de La Marck, Prince of Sedan (the first Prince of Sedan) in 1579. It was initially known as the College of Sedan (''Collège de Sedan''). In 1601, the National Synod of the Reformed Church of France, meeting in Jargeau, voted to transform the College of Sedan into its Academy for the training of pastors. The Academy of Sedan was suppressed in 1681 as part of Louis XIV's anti-Protestant measures that would climax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestant
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to be growing Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies within it. Protestantism emphasizes the Christian believer's justification by God in faith alone (') rather than by a combination of faith with good works as in Catholicism; the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by Grace in Christianity, divine grace or "unmerited favor" only ('); the Universal priesthood, priesthood of all faithful believers in the Church; and the ''sola scriptura'' ("scripture alone") that posits the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. Most Protestants, with the exception of Anglo-Papalism, reject the Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frédéric Maurice De La Tour D'Auvergne
Frédéric and Frédérick are the French versions of the common male given name Frederick. They may refer to: In artistry: * Frédéric Back, Canadian award-winning animator * Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor * Frédéric Bazille, Impressionist painter best known for his depiction of figures * Frédéric Mariotti, actor In politics: * Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira, 1st Vice-President of Burundi * Frédéric Ngenzebuhoro, Vice-President of Burundi from 11 November 2004 to 26 August 2005 * Frédéric Bastiat, political economist and member of the French assembly In literature: * Frédéric Beigbeder, French writer, commentator critic and pundit * Frédéric Berat, French poet and songwriter * Frédéric Mistral, French poet In science: * Frédéric Cailliaud, French mineralogist * Frédéric Joliot-Curie, French physicist and Nobel laureate In sport: * Frédéric Bourdillon (born 1991), French-Israeli basketball player in the Israel Basketball Premier League * Frédé ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioan Culianu
Ioan Petru Culianu or Couliano (5 January 1950 – 21 May 1991) was a Romanian historian of religion, culture, and ideas, a philosopher and political essayist, and a short story writer. He served as professor of the history of religions at the University of Chicago from 1988 to his death, and had previously taught the history of Romanian culture at the University of Groningen. An expert in Gnosticism and Renaissance magic, he was encouraged and befriended by Mircea Eliade, though he gradually distanced himself from his mentor. Culianu published seminal work on the interrelation of the occult, Eros, magic, physics, and history. Culianu was murdered in 1991. It has been much speculated his murder was in consequence of his critical view of Romanian national politics. Some factions of the Romanian political right openly celebrated his murder. The Romanian ''Securitate'', which he once lambasted as a force "of epochal stupidity", has also been suspected of involvement and of using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nancy, France
Nancy ; Lorraine Franconian: ''Nanzisch'' is the prefecture of the northeastern French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle. It was the capital of the Duchy of Lorraine, which was annexed by France under King Louis XV in 1766 and replaced by a province, with Nancy maintained as capital. Following its rise to prominence in the Age of Enlightenment, it was nicknamed the "capital of Eastern France" in the late 19th century. The metropolitan area of Nancy had a population of 511,257 inhabitants at the 2018 census, making it the 16th-largest functional urban area in France and Lorraine's largest. The population of the city of Nancy proper is 104,885. The motto of the city is , —a reference to the thistle, which is a symbol of Lorraine. Place Stanislas, a large square built between 1752 and 1756 by architect Emmanuel Héré under the direction of Stanislaus I of Poland to link the medieval old town of Nancy and the new city built under Charles III, Duke of Lorraine in the 17th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth De Ranfaing
Marie Elisabeth de Ranfaing (30 October 1592 – 1 January 1649) also known as Marie Elisabeth de la Croix de Jesus was the French founder of the Order of Refuge, and a Catholic woman once claimed to be demonically possessed. Biography Elisabeth de Ranfaing was born on 30 October 1592 at Remiremont, Lorraine to the lesser nobles, Jean-Lienard Ranfaing and Claude de Magnieres. She was forced into wedlock by her parents to marry the much older nobleman Francois Dubois, to whom she had no desire to marry so she fled to the monastery for refuge. In 1618, she was recovered and married to Dubois, to whom she had three children.Ferber, Sarah (2005). 'Cultivating charisma: Elisabeth de Ranfaing and the Medailliste cult in seventeenth-century Lorraine' in Kent, F.; Zika, C., ed. ''Rituals, Images and Words: Varieties of Cultural Expression in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe''. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers Later that year she became 'demonically possessed' at a social even ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demonic Possession
Spirit possession is an unusual or altered state of consciousness and associated behaviors purportedly caused by the control of a human body by spirits, ghosts, demons, or gods. The concept of spirit possession exists in many cultures and religions, including Buddhism, Christianity,Mark 5:9, Luke 8:30 Haitian Vodou, Hinduism, Islam, Wicca, and Southeast Asian, African, and Native American traditions. Depending on the cultural context in which it is found, possession may be considered voluntary or involuntary and may be considered to have beneficial or detrimental effects on the host. In a 1969 study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, spirit possession beliefs were found to exist in 74% of a sample of 488 societies in all parts of the world, with the highest numbers of believing societies in Pacific cultures and the lowest incidence among Native Americans of both North and South America. As Pentecostal and Charismatic Christian churches move into both A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convulsions
A convulsion is a medical condition where the body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. Because epileptic seizures typically include convulsions, the term ''convulsion'' is sometimes used as a synonym for ''seizure''. However, not all epileptic seizures lead to convulsions, and not all convulsions are caused by epileptic seizures. Convulsions are also consistent with an electric shock and improper enriched air scuba diving. Non-epileptic convulsions have no relation with epilepsy, and are caused by non-epileptic seizures. Convulsion is a common term generally describing uncontrollable muscle contractions. The term convulsion has been used interchangeably with the word "seizure". Seizures may cause a person to have convulsions, but this is not always the case. Convulsion is a type of seizure that involves bursts of electrical activity in the brain. Occasionally the reason for a convulsion is unfamiliar. A convulsion may be caus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Lhermitte
Jacques Jean Lhermitte () (20 January 1877 – 24 January 1959) was a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist. Life Lhermitte was born in Mont-Saint-Père, Aisne, son of Léon Augustin Lhermitte, a French realist painter. Following his early education at Saint-Etienne, he studied in Paris and graduated in medicine in 1907. He specialised in neurology and became ''Chef-de-clinique'' (resident) for nervous diseases in 1908, ''Chef de laboratoire'' in 1910, and ''professeur agrégé'' for psychiatry 1922. He later became ''Médecin des Hôpitaux'' at the "Hospice Paul Brousse", head of the foundation " Dejerine", and clinical director at the Salpêtrière Hospital. During World War I, Lhermitte studied spinal injuries and became interested in neuropsychiatry. This led to publications on visual hallucinations of the self. A deeply religious man, he explored the common territory between theology and medicine, and this led him to interesting studies on demonic possession and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
