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Cinematograph Act 1909
The Cinematograph Act 1909 (9 Edw. 7. c. 30) is an Act of Parliament (UK), act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was the first primary legislation in the United Kingdom, UK which specifically regulated the film industry. It unintentionally provided the legal basis for film censorship, leading to the establishment of the British Board of Film Classification, British Board of Film Censors in 1912. Origins During the 1890s and 1900s, most Cinematograph, film exhibition took place in temporary venues such as funfair, fairgrounds, music halls and hastily converted shops (so-called 'penny gaffs'). The film then in use was made from the highly flammable Nitrocellulose, cellulose nitrate base. Combined with limelight illumination, this created a significant safety hazard, resulting in a number of fatal fires. After the Bazar de la Charité fire in Paris in 1897, where 126 people lost their lives, the London City Council issued specific fire regulations to licensed theatres in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9 Edw
9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Hindu–Arabic digit Circa 300 BC, as part of the Brahmi numerals, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and Gupta started curving the bottom vertical line coming up with a -look-alike. How the numbers got to their Gupta form is open to considerable debate. The Nagari continued the bottom stroke to make a circle and enclose the 3-look-alike, in much the same way that the sign @ encircles a lowercase ''a''. As time went on, the enclosing circle became bigger and its line continued beyond the circle downwards, as the 3-look-alike became smaller. Soon, all that was left of the 3-look-alike was a squiggle. The Arabs simply connected that squiggle to the downward stroke at the middle and subsequent European change was purely cosmetic. While the shape of the glyph for the digit 9 has an Ascender (typography), ascender ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bazar De La Charité
The ''Bazar de la Charité'' was an annual charity event orchestrated by the French Catholic aristocracy in Paris beginning in 1885, when it was first organised by Englishman Henry Blount, the son of banker Sir Edward Blount, a financier of railway enterprises in France. The ''Bazar'' was held in a variety of locations by a consortium of charitable organisations that shared renting fees, acting to reduce costs and group potential buyers. The 1897 ''Bazar de la Charité'' became known for the fire which claimed 126 lives, many of which were notable aristocratic women, including Sophie Charlotte, Duchess of Alençon. Fire of 1897 In 1897, the ''Bazar'' was located in the 8th arrondissement of Paris at 17 Rue Jean-Goujon, inside a large wooden warehouse which the organisers had reconstituted as a medieval street using painted wood, cardboard, cloth, and papier-mache. One of the key attractions of the ''Bazar'', scheduled for 3 to 6 May, was to be a cinematograph installation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Media Legislation
Media may refer to: Communication * Means of communication, tools and channels used to deliver information or data ** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising ** Interactive media, media that is interactive ** Media adequacy, specific aspects important for a successful transfer of information ** MEDIA sub-programme of Creative Europe, a European Union initiative to support the European audiovisual sector ** New media, the combination of traditional media and information and communications technology ** Print media, communications delivered via paper or canvas ** Recording medium, devices used to store information * Mass media, the institutions and methods of reaching a large audience ** Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass electronic communication networks ** News media, mass media focused on communicating news ** Published media, any media made available to the public * Electronic media, communications delivered via elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1909 In Film
The year 1909 in film involved some significant events. __TOC__ Events * Carl Laemmle founds the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP). *Selig Polyscope Company establish the first permanent film studio in Los Angeles in Edendale, Los Angeles. * The New York Motion Picture Company is founded and also open a film studio in Edendale. The studio is later used by Mack Sennett's Keystone Studios and then Mascot Pictures, which become part of Republic Pictures. * February 4 – The Paris Film Congress begins, an attempt by leading European producers to form a cartel similar to that of the Motion Picture Patents Company in the United States. * February 26 – Kinemacolor is shown to the public for the first time in the Palace Theatre, London, Palace Theatre in London. * March 16 – Charles Urban forms the Natural Color Kinematograph Company. *May 12 – ''Mr. Flip'' is released, the first film to feature someone being pieing, hit in the face with a pie. *May 23 – The first news ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Censorship In The United Kingdom
Film censorship in the United Kingdom began with early cinema exhibition becoming subject to the Disorderly Houses Act 1751. The Cinematograph Act 1909 was primarily concerned with introducing annual licensing of premises where films were shown, particularly because of the fire risk of nitrate film. After the Act began to be used by local authorities to control what was shown, the film industry responded by establishing a British Board of Film Censors (BBFC) in 1912, funded by an Incorporated Association of Kinematograph Manufacturers levy. The Cinematograph Exhibitors Association sought to have the BBFC film certification recognised over local decision-making. The case of ''Mills v London City Council'' in 1925 (1 KB 213) established that a Council could make its licensing conditional on the exhibitor complying with the BBFC certification. Local Councils did continue to refuse showing of particular films which had been certificated by the BBFC: examples are the bans on '' The D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Controversies In The United Kingdom
A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of Visual arts, visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, Sound film, synchronized with sound and (less commonly) other sensory stimulations. Etymology and alternative terms The name "film" originally referred to the thin layer of photochemical emulsion on the celluloid strip that used to be the actual Recording medium, medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion-picture, including "picture", "picture show", "moving picture", "photoplay", and "flick". The most common term in the United States is "movie", while in Europe, "film" is preferred. Archaic terms include "animated pictures" and "animated photography". "Flick" is, in general a slang term, first recorded in 1926. It originates in the verb flicker, owing to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom Acts Of Parliament 1909
United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two film * ''The United'' (film), an unreleased Arabic-language film Literature * ''United!'' (novel), a 1973 children's novel by Michael Hardcastle Music * United (band), Japanese thrash metal band formed in 1981 Albums * ''United'' (Commodores album), 1986 * ''United'' (Dream Evil album), 2006 * ''United'' (Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell album), 1967 * ''United'' (Marian Gold album), 1996 * ''United'' (Phoenix album), 2000 * ''United'' (Woody Shaw album), 1981 Songs * "United" (Judas Priest song), 1980 * "United" (Prince Ital Joe and Marky Mark song), 1994 * "United" (Robbie Williams song), 2000 * "United", a song by Danish duo Nik & Jay featuring Lisa Rowe * "United (Who We Are)", a song by XO-IQ, featured in the television ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Film Classification Office
The Irish Film Classification Office (IFCO) () is the organisation responsible for films, television programmes, and some video game classification and censorship within Republic of Ireland, Ireland. Where restrictions are placed by the IFCO, they are legally binding. Prior to 21 July 2008, the office was branded as the ''Irish Film Censor's Office'', and was previously known as simply the ''Film Censor's Office'', or, in legal references, the office of the ''Official Censor of Films'', which was the official title of the head of the office prior to that date. The head of the office is the Director of Film Classification. Background The Irish Film Censor's Office was set up in 1923, under the Censorship of Films Act 1923. This law was amended i1925 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Free State
The Irish Free State (6 December 192229 December 1937), also known by its Irish-language, Irish name ( , ), was a State (polity), state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921. The treaty ended the three-year Irish War of Independence between the forces of the Irish Republic – the Irish Republican Army (1919–1922), Irish Republican Army (IRA) – and The Crown, British Crown forces. The Free State was established as a dominion of the British Empire. It comprised 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland. Northern Ireland, which was made up of the remaining six counties, exercised its right under the Treaty to opt out of the new state. The Irish Free State government consisted of the Governor-General of the Irish Free State, governor-general – the viceregal representative of the King – and the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, Executive Council (cabinet), which replaced both the revolutionary Government of the 2nd Dáil, Dáil Governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Video Recordings Act 1984
The Video Recordings Act 1984 (c. 39) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that was passed in 1984. It states that commercial video recordings offered for sale or for hire within the UK must carry a classification that has been agreed upon by an authority designated by the Home Office. The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), which had been instrumental in the certification of motion pictures since 1912, was designated as the classifying authority in 1985. Works are classified by the BBFC under an age-rated system (see motion picture rating systems); it is an offence under the Act to supply video works to individuals who are (or appear to be) under the age of the classification designated. Works that are refused classification cannot, under the Act, be legally sold or supplied to anyone of any age unless it is educational, or to do with a sport, religion or music and does not depict violence, sex or incite a criminal offence. The BBFC may also require cuts to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London County Council
The London County Council (LCC) was the principal local government body for the County of London throughout its existence from 1889 to 1965, and the first London-wide general municipal authority to be directly elected. It covered the area today known as Inner London and was replaced by the Greater London Council. The LCC was the largest, most significant and most ambitious English municipal authority of its day. History By the 19th century, the City of London Corporation covered only a small fraction of the metropolis. From 1855, the Metropolitan Board of Works (MBW) had certain powers across what is now Inner London, but it was appointed rather than elected. Many powers remained in the hands of traditional bodies such as parishes and the counties of Middlesex, Surrey, and Kent. The Local Government Act 1888 created a new County of London, with effect from 1889, and the English County council#England, county councils, of which LCC was one. This followed a succession of scandal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glen Cinema Disaster
The Glen Cinema disaster was a deadly crowd crush caused by a smoking film canister at a Movie theater, cinema in Paisley, Scotland, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, on 31 December 1929. The resulting panic and Crowd collapses and crushes, crush killed 69 children and injured up to 40 others; the final death toll was 71. It is considered one of the worst disasters in Scottish history. The building that housed the Glen Cinema still stands and, , houses a furniture store. Events The Glen Cinema was opened in 1901; it became known as 'The Glen' and 'The Royal Animated Pictures'. On the afternoon of 31 December 1929, during a children's wiktionary:matinee#English, matinée, the building was crowded with between 700 and 1,000 children, aged between infants to about 14-years-old, in attendance. The matinée was reportedly so well-attended because parents wanted their houses empty to clean for the upcoming Hogmanay, Hogmany holiday (new year). In the spool room, a freshly shown film wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
