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Cicinnobolus Cotoneus
''Cicinnobolus'' is a genus of fungi, either classified as imperfect fungi or as Ascomycota. Species in this genus are hyperparasites of powdery mildew. ''Cicinnobolus cesatii'' is a synonym for ''Ampelomyces quisqualis''.Cicinnobolus cesatii, a study in host-parasite relationships. CW Emmons, Bulletin of the Torrey botanical Club, 1930 References * Eurotium, Erysiphe, Cicinnobolus: nebst Bemerkungen uber die Geschlectsorgane der Ascomycetes. A Bary, 1870 * An overwintering pycnidial stage of Cicinnobolus. CE Yarwood, Mycologia, 1939 External links ''Cicinnobolus'' at mycobank Phaeosphaeriaceae Dothideomycetes genera Parasitic fungi Parasites of fungi Hyperparasites {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Sorauer
Paul Carl Moritz Sorauer (June 9, 1839 – January 9, 1916) was a German botanist and plant pathologist. He was a professor of botany at Berlin and wrote an influential multi-volume handbook on plant diseases in 1874 which went into several editions and was also translated into English. Life and work Sorauer was born in Wrocław, Breslau, son of carpenter Carl Joseph and Wilhelmine, he went to school at Zwinger and then at the Friedrichs-Gymnasium in Breslau developing an interest in plants and gardening. He then went to study natural sciences at Berlin in 1862 and received a doctorate from the University of Rostock with studies on potato propagation in 1867. He also worked under Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten, Hermann Karsten and after Karsten moved to Vienna, Sorauer worked with dendrologist Karl Koch (botanist), Karl Koch. He then worked at the Agricultural Research Station at Dahme, Brandenburg, Dahme under Hermann Hellriegel. He married Clara, daughter of a Dahme physic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the kingdom (biology)#Six kingdoms (1998), traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (), a microscopic sexual reproduction, sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of Ascomycota are Asexual reproduction, asexual and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, yeast#Beer, brewers' and bakers' yeast, Xylaria, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as ''Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (containing all of the descendants of a common ancestor). Previously placed in the Basidiomycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or Teleomorph, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dothideomycetes
Dothideomycetes is the largest and most diverse class of ascomycete fungi. It comprises 11 orders 90 families, 1,300 genera and over 19,000 known species. Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more orders to the class. Traditionally, most of its members were included in the loculoascomycetes, which is not part of the currently accepted classification. This indicates that several traditional morphological features in the class are not unique and DNA sequence comparisons are important to define the class. The designation loculoascomycetes was first proposed for all fungi which have ascolocular development. This type of development refers to the way in which the sexual structure, bearing the sexual spores ( ascospores) forms. Dothideomycetes mostly produce flask-like structures referred to as pseudothecia, although other shape variations do exist (e.g. see structures found in Hysteriales). During ascolocular development pockets ( locules) form first within the vegetative cells ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleosporales
The Pleosporales is the largest order (biology), order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 family (biology), families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water, marine, or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasitism, parasites, epiphytes or endophytes. The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. ''Cochliobolus heterostrophus'', causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, ''Phaeosphaeria nodorum'' (''Stagonospora nodorum'') causing glume blotch on wheat and ''Leptosphaeria maculans'' causing a stem canker (called blackleg) on cabbage crops (''Brassica''). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung, and a small number occur as lichens and black yeast, rock-inhabiting fungi. Taxonomy The order was proposed in 1955 as Dothideomycetes with perithecioid ascomata with pseudop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeosphaeriaceae
The Phaeosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. Species in the family have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are generally nectrotrophic or saprobic on a wide range of plants. Wijayawardene et al. 2020 produced an update that recognized 82 genera. Genera list As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020; (with amounts of species) *'' Acericola'' (1) *'' Allophaeosphaeria'' (3) *'' Amarenographium'' (4) *'' Amarenomyces'' (2) *''Ampelomyces'' (ca. 5) *'' Aphanostigme'' (21) *'' Arezzomyces'' (1) *'' Banksiophoma'' (1) *'' Bhagirathimyces'' (1) *'' Bhatiellae'' (1) *'' Bricookea'' (1) *'' Brunneomurispora'' (1) *'' Camarosporioides'' (1) *'' Chaetosphaeronema'' (12) *'' Dactylidina'' (2) *'' Dematiopleospora'' (8) *'' Didymocyrtis'' (21) *'' Dlhawksworthia'' (3) *'' Edenia'' (2) *'' Embarria'' (1) *'' Equiseticola'' (1) *'' Eudarluca'' (8) *'' Galiicola'' (3) *'' Hydeomyces'' (2) *'' Hydeopsis'' (1) *''Italica Italica () was an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicinnobolus Modenensis
''Cicinnobolus'' is a genus of fungi, either classified as imperfect fungi or as Ascomycota. Species in this genus are hyperparasites of powdery mildew Powdery mildew is a fungus, fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of Ascomycota, ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant disea .... ''Cicinnobolus cesatii'' is a synonym for '' Ampelomyces quisqualis''.Cicinnobolus cesatii, a study in host-parasite relationships. CW Emmons, Bulletin of the Torrey botanical Club, 1930 References * Eurotium, Erysiphe, Cicinnobolus: nebst Bemerkungen uber die Geschlectsorgane der Ascomycetes. A Bary, 1870 * An overwintering pycnidial stage of Cicinnobolus. CE Yarwood, Mycologia, 1939 External links ''Cicinnobolus''at mycobank Phaeosphaeriaceae Dothideomycetes genera Parasitic fungi Parasites of fungi Hyperparasites {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicinnobolus Cotoneus
''Cicinnobolus'' is a genus of fungi, either classified as imperfect fungi or as Ascomycota. Species in this genus are hyperparasites of powdery mildew. ''Cicinnobolus cesatii'' is a synonym for ''Ampelomyces quisqualis''.Cicinnobolus cesatii, a study in host-parasite relationships. CW Emmons, Bulletin of the Torrey botanical Club, 1930 References * Eurotium, Erysiphe, Cicinnobolus: nebst Bemerkungen uber die Geschlectsorgane der Ascomycetes. A Bary, 1870 * An overwintering pycnidial stage of Cicinnobolus. CE Yarwood, Mycologia, 1939 External links ''Cicinnobolus'' at mycobank Phaeosphaeriaceae Dothideomycetes genera Parasitic fungi Parasites of fungi Hyperparasites {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicinnobolus Major
''Cicinnobolus'' is a genus of fungi, either classified as imperfect fungi or as Ascomycota. Species in this genus are hyperparasites of powdery mildew Powdery mildew is a fungus, fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of Ascomycota, ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant disea .... ''Cicinnobolus cesatii'' is a synonym for '' Ampelomyces quisqualis''.Cicinnobolus cesatii, a study in host-parasite relationships. CW Emmons, Bulletin of the Torrey botanical Club, 1930 References * Eurotium, Erysiphe, Cicinnobolus: nebst Bemerkungen uber die Geschlectsorgane der Ascomycetes. A Bary, 1870 * An overwintering pycnidial stage of Cicinnobolus. CE Yarwood, Mycologia, 1939 External links ''Cicinnobolus''at mycobank Phaeosphaeriaceae Dothideomycetes genera Parasitic fungi Parasites of fungi Hyperparasites {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ampelomyces
''Ampelomyces'' is a genus of Hyperparasite, mycoparasitic fungi in the family Phaeosphaeriaceae. ''Ampelomyces'' parasitizes the group of fungal plant pathogens known as powdery mildews Erysiphales, (Erysiphales). The type species is ''Ampelomyces quisqualis'' which was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Italian botanist Vincenzo de Cesati in Klotzsch, Bot. Ztg. vol.10 on page 301 in 1852. Species As accepted by Species Fungorum; *''Ampelomyces abelmoschi'' *''Ampelomyces abramovii'' *''Ampelomyces artemisiae'' *''Ampelomyces bremiphagus'' *''Ampelomyces epilobii'' *''Ampelomyces heraclei'' *''Ampelomyces humuli'' *''Ampelomyces novoae'' *''Ampelomyces parasiticus'' *''Ampelomyces phlomidis'' *''Ampelomyces plantaginis'' *''Ampelomyces polygoni'' *''Ampelomyces quisqualis'' *''Ampelomyces sporophagus'' *''Ampelomyces ulicis'' *''Ampelomyces uncinulae'' Former species; * ''A. euonymi-japonici'' = ''Cicinobolus euonymi-japonicae'', Phaeosphaeriaceae * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyperparasite
A hyperparasite, also known as a metaparasite, is a parasite whose host, often an insect, is also a parasite, often specifically a parasitoid. Hyperparasites are found mainly among the wasp-waisted Apocrita within the Hymenoptera, and in two other insect orders, the Diptera (true flies) and Coleoptera (beetles). Seventeen families in Hymenoptera and a few species of Diptera and Coleoptera are hyperparasitic. Hyperparasitism developed from primary parasitism, which evolved in the Jurassic period in the Hymenoptera. Hyperparasitism intrigues entomologists because of its multidisciplinary relationship to evolution, ecology, behavior, biological control, taxonomy, and mathematical models. Examples The most common examples are insects that lay their eggs inside or near parasitoid larvae, which are themselves parasitizing the tissues of a host, again usually an insect larva. A well-studied case is that of the small white butterfly ('' Pieris rapae''), a serious horticultural pest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungus, fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of Ascomycota, ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as the signs of the causal pathogen are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. This mycelial layer may quickly spread to cover all of the leaves. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger and denser as large numbers of asexual spores are formed, and the mildew may spread up and down the length of the plant. Powdery mildew grows well in environments with high humidity and moderate temperatures; greenhouses provide an ideal moist, temperate environment for the spread of the disease. This causes harm to agricultural and horticultural practices where powdery mildew may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
