|
Chthonomonas Calidirosea
''Chthonomonas calidirosea'' is a Gram-negative bacterium and also the first representative of the new class Chthonomonadetes within the phylum Armatimonadota. The Armatimonadota were previously known as candidate phylum OP10. OP10 was composed solely of environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences prior to ''C. calidirosea's'' relative, ''Armatimonas rosea's'' discovery. It is now known that bacterial communities from geothermal environments, are generally constituted by, at least 5–10% of bacteria belonging to Armatimonadota. Discovery ''Chthonomonas calidirosea'' was originally isolated from geothermally heated soil at Hell's Gate, Tikitere, New Zealand. The soil was Aseptic sampling, aseptically sampled at an approximate depth of 15 cm below the surface. The sampled soil had a pH of 4.3 and an ''in situ'' temperature of 55 °C. Relatives The environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences, belonging to the phylum ''Armatimonadota'' are currently sorted into six groups. Gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, Hot spring, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the nitrogen fixation, fixation of nitrogen from the Earth's atmosphere, atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of cadaver, dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armatimonadota
''Armatimonadota'' is a phylum of gram-negative bacteria. History ''Armatimonadota'' was originally described solely on the basis of environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences, and was temporarily titled candidate phylum OP10. However, in 2011 a bacterial strain belonging to the phylum was isolated from an aquatic plant in Japan. The species was named '' Armatimonas rosea'' and was the first member of its phylum, genus, and species. Members '' Armatimonas rosea'', an aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacterium, strain YO-36T, was isolated from rhizoplane of an aquatic plant (a reed, ''Phragmites australis'') inhabiting a freshwater lake in Japan. '' Chthonomonas calidirosea'', an aerobic, saccharolytic, obligately thermophilic, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain T49(T), was isolated from geothermally heated soil at Hell's Gate, Tikitere, New Zealand. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomencl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic) membrane and an outer membrane. These bacteria are found in all environments that support life on Earth. Within this category, notable species include the model organism '' Escherichia coli'', along with various pathogenic bacteria, such as '' Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', '' Chlamydia trachomatis'', and '' Yersinia pestis''. They pose significant challenges in the medical field due to their outer membrane, which acts as a protective barrier against numerous antibiotics (including penicillin), detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and the antimicrobial enzyme lysozyme produced by animals as part of their innate immune system. Furthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aseptic Sampling
Aseptic sampling is the process of aseptically withdrawing materials used in biopharmaceutical processes for analysis so as not contaminate or alter the sample or the source of the sample.ASTM E1287-89(1999) "Standard Practice for Aseptic Sampling of Biological Materials," ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 1999, DOI: 10.1520/E1287-89R99, www.astm.org Aseptic samples are drawn throughout the entire biopharmaceutical process (cell culture/fermentation, buffer & media prep, purification, final fill and finishStockdale, D. Overview of Aseptic Fill/Finish Manufacturing. Am. Pharm. Rev. 2004.). Analysis of the sample includes sterility, cell count/cell viability, metabolites, gases, osmolality and more. Aseptic sampling techniques Biopharmaceutical drug manufacturers widely use aseptic sampling deviceto enhance aseptic technique Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing micro-organisms (such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armatimonas Rosea
''Armatimonas rosea'' is a Gram-negative bacterium and also the first species to be characterized within the phylum Armatimonadota. The Armatimonadota were previously known as candidate phylum OP10. OP10 was composed solely of environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences prior to ''A. rosea's'' discovery. A novel aerobic, chemoheterotrophic bacteriumstrain YO-36(T) isolated from the rhizoplane of an aquatic plant (a reed, Phragmites australis) inhabiting a freshwater lake in Japan, was morphologically, physiologically and phylogenetically characterized. Discovery ''A. rosea'' was originally isolated from the rhizoplane of the aquatic plant ''Phragmites australis'' inhabiting a freshwater lake in the Yamanashi prefecture in Japan. Cultivation and isolation were completed in a low nutrient medium, DTS. Relatives The environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences belonging to the phylum ''Armatimonadota'' are currently sorted into six groups. Groups 2, 5, and 6 consist solely of sequenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fimbriimonas Ginsengisoli
''Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli'' is a Gram-negative bacterium and the first representative of the class ''Fimbriimonadia'' within the phylum ''Armatimonadota''. The ''Armatimonadota'' were previously known as candidate phylum OP10. OP10 was composed solely of environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences prior to ''F. ginsengisoli's'' relative, ''Armatimonas rosea's'' discovery. Discovery ''F. ginsengisoli'' was originally isolated from a soil sample from a ginseng field in the Pocheon province, South Korea. Cultivation took place on one-half strength R2A agar. Relatives The environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences, belonging to the phylum ''Armatimonadota'' are currently sorted into six groups. Groups 2, 5, and 6 consist solely of sequences. Group 1 contains ''Armatimonas rosea'', Group 3 contains ''Chthonomonadetes calidirosea'', and Group 4 contains ''Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli''. ''Chthonomonas calidirosea'' strain T49T, an aerobic, saccharolytic, obligately thermophilic, motile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerobic Organism
An aerobic organism or aerobe is an organism that can survive and grow in an oxygenated environment. The ability to exhibit aerobic respiration may yield benefits to the aerobic organism, as aerobic respiration yields more energy than anaerobic respiration. Energy production of the cell involves the synthesis of ATP by an enzyme called ATP synthase. In aerobic respiration, ATP synthase is coupled with an electron transport chain in which oxygen acts as a terminal electron acceptor. In July 2020, marine biologists reported that aerobic microorganisms (mainly), in " quasi-suspended animation", were found in organically poor sediments, up to 101.5 million years old, 250 feet below the seafloor in the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) ("the deadest spot in the ocean"), and could be the longest-living life forms ever found. Types * Obligate aerobes need oxygen to grow. In a process known as cellular respiration, these organisms use oxygen to oxidize substrates (for example sugars and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armatimonadetes
''Armatimonadota'' is a phylum of gram-negative bacteria. History ''Armatimonadota'' was originally described solely on the basis of environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences, and was temporarily titled candidate phylum OP10. However, in 2011 a bacterial strain belonging to the phylum was isolated from an aquatic plant in Japan. The species was named '' Armatimonas rosea'' and was the first member of its phylum, genus, and species. Members '' Armatimonas rosea'', an aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacterium, strain YO-36T, was isolated from rhizoplane of an aquatic plant (a reed, '' Phragmites australis'') inhabiting a freshwater lake in Japan. '' Chthonomonas calidirosea'', an aerobic, saccharolytic, obligately thermophilic, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain T49(T), was isolated from geothermally heated soil at Hell's Gate, Tikitere, New Zealand. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
