|
Chrysotrichaceae
Chrysotrichaceae is a family of lichenized fungi in the order Arthoniales. Member of this family have a widespread distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical areas. "Chrysothrichaceae" and "Chrysothricaceae" are alternative spellings that have been used in some older publications; the latter was used by Alexander Zahlbruckner in the protologue publication. Both of these spellings are considered incorrect, and the current spelling has been formalised following a proposal for conservation of Chrysotrichaceae against Pulverariaceae (an earlier synonym). Genera * '' Byssocaulon'' – 1 sp. * ''Chrysothrix'' – ca. 18 spp. * '' Galbinothrix'' – 1 sp. * ''Melarthonis ''Melarthonis'' is fungal genus in the family Chrysotrichaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species ''Melarthonis piceae'', a corticolous lichen. Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 2014 by Andreas ...'' – 1 sp. References Arthoniomycetes Lichen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthoniales
The Arthoniales is the second largest order of mainly crustose lichens, but fruticose lichens are present as well. The order contains around 1500 species, while the largest order with lichenized fungi, the Lecanorales, contains more than 14000 species. Classification The Arthoniales is one of two orders of the class Arthoniomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. The order includes seven families ( Andreiomycetacae, Arthoniaceae, Chrysotrichaceae, Lecanographaceae, Opegraphaceae, Roccellaceae and Roccellographaceae). Lecanographaceae, Roccellographaceae, Opegraphaceae and Roccellaceae are well-supported families within Arthoniales, and they were circumscribed in 2011. Andreiomycetaceae was described as a new family by Hodkinson and Lendemer in 2013. The Arthoniales is the sister group to Dothideomycetes. Figure 1. Cladogram of the Arthoniales, rooted with ''Curvularia brachyspora'', ''Cudonia circinans'' and ''Seynesia erumpens'' as the outgroup. The cladogram shows the di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galbinothrix
''Galbinothrix'' is a fungal genus in the family Chrysotrichaceae. It is monotypic, containing the single species ''Galbinothrix caesiopruinosa'', a corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen. Taxonomy Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 2018 by Andreas Frisch, Göran Thor, Kwang Hee Moon, and Yoshihito Ohmura. The type specimen was collected in Chichibu Tama Kai National Park (Nagano Prefecture) at an elevation of , where it was found growing on the smooth bark on an ''Alnus'' tree in a montane forest along the Shinano River. The genus name combines the Latin ''galbinus'' ("greenish-yellow") with the suffix ''thrix'', which alludes to its relationship with the genus ''Chrysothrix''; the species epithet refers to the ascomata, which are bluish grey ascomata and pruinose. Description ''Galbinothrix caesiopruinosa'' has a thin, discontinuous thallus that ranges in color from pale to dark greyish-green to yellowish-olive; the thallus patches, which are partly , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysothrix
''Chrysothrix'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Chrysothricaceae. They are commonly called gold dust lichens or sulfur dust lichens,Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, because they are bright yellow to greenish-yellow, sometimes flecked with orange, and composed entirely of powdery soredia.Brodo, I. M., S. D. Sharnoff, and S. Sharnoff. 2001. Lichens of North America. Yale University Press: New Haven. Apothecia are never present in North American specimens. They grow on bark or rocks, generally in shaded habitats. They can sometimes be mistaken for sterile specimens of ''Chaenotheca'', which usually has pinhead apothecia on tiny stalks, or ''Psilolechia'', which usually has small, bright yellow apothecia. ''Chrysothrix chlorina'' was traditionally used as a brown dye for wool in Scandinavia. Uphof, J. C. T. 1959. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Hafner Publishing Co.: New York. Taxonomy The genus was circumsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melarthonis
''Melarthonis'' is fungal genus in the family Chrysotrichaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species ''Melarthonis piceae'', a corticolous lichen. Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 2014 by Andreas Frisch and Göran Thor. The type specimen was collected from Mount Oakan (Kushiro Province, Hokkaido) at an altitude of ; there, it was found growing on the bark of a spruce tree in an old-growth forest. It is only known to occur in the type locality. The genus name alludes to the black ascomata that are similar to those in genus ''Arthonia'', while the species epithet refers to the genus of the host A host is a person responsible for guests at an event or for providing hospitality during it. Host may also refer to: Places * Host, Pennsylvania, a village in Berks County People *Jim Host (born 1937), American businessman * Michel Host ... tree (''Picea''). References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Taxa described in 2014 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysothrix Xanthina
''Chrysothrix xanthina'' is a widely distributed species of leprose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. It has a bright yellow to bright greenish-yellow, thin, granular thallus, and typically grows on bark, although it is infrequently found growing on rock. Taxonomy It was first scientifically described by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1901 as ''Lepraria xanthina''. Klaus Kalb transferred it to the genus ''Chrysothrix'' in 2001. Kalb resurrected the species from synonymy with the lookalike '' Chrysothrix candelaris'' by virtue of its smaller granules and differences in chemistry: ''C. candelaris'' produces calycin, while ''C. xanthina'' makes pinastric acid. The granules made by ''C. xanthina'' are typically in the range 25–40 μm, while those of ''C. candelaris'' are 50–75 μm. Habitat and distribution Kalb originally considered ''Chrysothrix xanthina'' to be a tropical/subtropical species, although it is now known to have a w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Families
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Arthoniomycetes
Arthoniomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. It includes two orders: Arthoniales and Lichenostigmatales. Most of the taxa in these orders are tropical and subtropical lichens. Systematics Phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of this class. Dothideomycetes is a sister group. Characteristics Taxa have apothecia, cup- or saucer- shaped ascoma in which the hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others som ... is exposed at maturity. These apothecia are bitunicate - with clearly differentiated inner and outer walls. References Fungus classes Lichen classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, '' Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Arthoniales")
