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Choctaw Sea
The Choctaw Sea was a Cenozoic eutropical subsea, which along with the Okeechobean Sea, occupied the eastern Gulf of Mexico basin system bounding Florida. Location The Choctaw Sea was named for the Choctaw or Choctawhatchee River of northern Oligocene Florida. It occupied most of the Florida Panhandle including the river deltas of the Choctawhatchee River, Apalachicola River, and Ochlockonee River. At its maximum coverage it encompassed an area as far north as the city of Bainbridge, Georgia, Bainbridge in Southwest Georgia and as far to the southeast as Taylor County, Florida, United States. The Choctaw Sea was divided further into two groups of three sub-seas based upon marine fauna. These sub-seas were named: *Bainbridge Subsea *Chattahoochie Subsea *Chipola Subsea *Walton Subsea *Alaqua Subsea *Jackson Subsea Subseas Bainbridge Subsea *Series (stratigraphy), Period: Oligocene. *Stage (stratigraphy), Geologic stage: Rupelian through early Chattian. ~33.9—28.4 Year#Academic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choctaw Sea Table
The Choctaw (in the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people originally based in the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, Southeastern Woodlands, in what is now Alabama and Mississippi. Their Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, and Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. The Choctaw were first noted by Europeans in French written records of 1675. Their mother mound is Nanih Waiya, a great earthworks (engineering), earthwork platform mound located in central-east Mississippi. Early Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish explorers of the mid-16th century in the Southeast encountered ancestral Mississippian culture villages and chiefs. The Choctaw coalesced as a people in the 17th century and developed at least three distinct political and geographical d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rupelian
The Rupelian is, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/ Series. It spans the time between . It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. Name The stage is named after the small river Rupel in Belgium, a tributary to the Scheldt. The Belgian Rupel Group derives its name from the same source. The name Rupelian was introduced in scientific literature by Belgian geologist André Hubert Dumont in 1850. The separation between the group and the stage was made in the second half of the 20th century, when stratigraphers saw the need to distinguish between lithostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic names. Stratigraphic definition The base of the Rupelian Stage (which is also the base of the Oligocene Series) is at the extinction of the foraminiferan genus '' Hantkenina''. An official GSSP for the base of the Rupelian has been assigned in 1992 ( Massignano, Italy). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manatee
Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee (''Trichechus inunguis''), the West Indian manatee (''Trichechus manatus''), and the West African manatee (''Trichechus senegalensis''). They measure up to long, weigh as much as , and have paddle-like tails. Manatees are herbivores and eat over 60 different freshwater and saltwater plants. Manatees inhabit the shallow, marshy coastal areas and rivers of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Amazon basin, and West Africa. The main causes of death for manatees are human-related issues, such as habitat destruction and human objects. Their slow-moving, curious nature has led to violent collisions with propeller-driven boats and ships. Some manatees have been found with over 50 scars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protosiren
''Protosiren'' is an extinct early genus of the order Sirenia. ''Protosiren'' existed throughout the Lutetian to Priabonian stages of the Middle Eocene. Fossils have been found in the far-flung locations like the United States (South Carolina, North Carolina and Florida), Africa (Egypt), Europe (France, Germany and Hungary) and Asia (India and Pakistan). So far, five species have been named. From comparative anatomy and chronological order,Gingerich P.D., Arif M, Bhatti M.A., Anwar M & Sanders W.J. (1997). "''Basilosaurus drazindai'' and ''Basiloterus hussaini'', New Archaeoceti (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Middle Eocene Drazinda Formation, with a Revised Interpretation of Ages of Whale-Bearing Strata in the Kirthar Group of the Sulaiman Range, Punjab (Pakistan)". ''Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan'' 30(2): p. 55–81Gingerich P.D., Muhammad A, Bhatti M.A., Raza H.A. & Raza S.M. (1995). "''Protosiren'' and ''Babiacetus'' (Mammalia, Sirenia and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygorhiza
''Zygorhiza'' ("Yoke-Root") is an extinct genus of basilosaurid early whale known from the Late Eocene (Priabonian, 38–34 Ma) of Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi, United States, and the Bartonian (43–37 Ma on the New Zealand geologic time scale) to the late Eocene of New Zealand (). Specimens reported from Europe are considered Dorudontinae ''incertae sedis''. ''Zygorhiza kochii'', along with ''Basilosaurus'' under the designation "prehistoric whales", is the state fossil of Mississippi. Taxonomic history Reichenbach (1847) erected ''Basilosaurus kochii'' for the posterior skull fragment MB Ma.43248, found in the Late Eocene (middle-late Priabonian) Ocala Limestone of Clarksville, Louisiana. Meanwhile, Muller (1851) erected a new subspecies of ''Zeuglodon brachyspondylus'', ''Z. brachyspondylus minor'', for not only MB Ma.43248 but also MB Ma.43247, TM 8501 (holotype of ''Zeuglodon hydrarchus'' Carus, 1849), and several vertebrae. In the late 19th century there was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilosaurus
''Basilosaurus'' (meaning "king lizard") is a genus of large, predatory, prehistoric archaeocete whale from the late Eocene, approximately 41.3 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). First described in 1834, it was the first archaeocete and prehistoric whale known to science. Fossils attributed to the type species ''B. cetoides'' were discovered in the United States. They were originally thought to be of a giant reptile, hence the suffix "-saurus", Ancient Greek for "lizard". The animal was later found to be an early marine mammal, which prompted attempts at renaming the creature, which failed as the rules of zoological nomenclature dictate using the original name given. Fossils were later found of the second species, ''B. isis'', in 1904 in Egypt, Western Sahara, Morocco, Jordan, Tunisia, and Pakistan. Fossils have also been unearthed in the southeastern United States and Peru. ''Basilosaurus'' is considered to have been common in the Tethys Ocean. It was one of the largest, if not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suwannee Limestone
The Suwannee Limestone is an Early Oligocene geologic formation of exposed limestones in North Florida, United States. Description Suwannee Limestone is found in the peninsula carbonate outcroppings on the northwestern, northeastern and southwestern flanks of the Ocala Platform. However, Suwannee Limestone is not present on an area known as Orange Island on the eastern side of the Ocala Platform due to erosion, nondeposition or both. This limestone is present in southeastern Leon, Jefferson, Madison, Taylor, Lafayette counties as well as Hamilton along the upper Suwannee River basin, and southward into Suwannee County, Florida. Early Oligocene Suwannee Limestone was recognized in the northwestern peninsula by P. F. Huddleston in 1993 as a triple subdivision of Suwannee Limestone, Ellaville Limestone, and Suwannacoochee Dolostone. The Suwannacoochee Dolostone was later officially renamed as the '' Suwannacoochee Dolomite''. Sedimentology Suwannee Limestone consists of a whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orange Island (Florida)
Orange Island is the earliest emergent landmass of Florida dating from the middle Rupelian ~33.9—28.4 Ma. geologic stage of the Early Oligocene epoch and named for Orange County, Florida, United States of America. Location Orange Island's general location is east of or on the eastern part of the Ocala Platform running north to south. Edward J. Petuch states that Orange Island was a dominant geomorphological feature of the Bainbridge Subsea on the Florida Platform According to J. R. Bryan and the United States Geological Survey, a lack of deposition with reference to the eastern side of the Ocala Platform indicates this area as Orange Island. The island also bounded the Okeechobean Sea to its south. Origins During the warm Eocene ~55.8—33.9 Ma., what was to become Florida ( Florida Platform) was a carbonate bank with shallow sea covering it. During the Eocene, biological carbonates were deposited on this bank forming various layers. The Avon Park Formation and Ocala Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulf Trough
The Gulf Trough, also known as the Suwanee Straits, is an ancient geologic feature of Florida present during the Paleogene period, a period of roughly that started after the end of the Mesozoic Era (65.5 Mya). A strong marine current, similar to the Gulf Stream, scoured the trough from southwest to northeast. History During the Paleogene, what would become Florida was the submerged Florida Platform, a feature not unlike the Bahama Banks composed of carbonate sediments containing foraminifera, corals, bryozoa, and mollusks. Due to the current running through the Gulf Trough, materials needed for sedimentation were instead carried away toward the northeast. During the Eocene through Oligocene, a period of roughly , material born of erosion began building up more rapidly in the Gulf Trough, due to the uplifting of the Appalachian Mountains to the north, which provided the primary source of siliciclastic material transported south via rivers and streams. By the Early Miocene, co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florida Early Miocene
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and Cuba; it is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Spanning , Florida ranks 22nd in area among the 50 states, and with a population of over 21 million, it is the third-most populous. The state capital is Tallahassee, and the most populous city is Jacksonville. The Miami metropolitan area, with a population of almost 6.2 million, is the most populous urban area in Florida and the ninth-most populous in the United States; other urban conurbations with over one million people are Tampa Bay, Orlando, and Jacksonville. Various Native American groups have inhabited Florida for at least 14,000 years. In 1513, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León became the first known E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geringian
The Geringian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 30,800,000 to 26,300,000 years BP, a period of . It is usually considered to fall within the Oligocene epoch. The Geringian is preceded by the Whitneyan and followed by the Monroecreekian NALMA stages. The Geringian overlaps with the Rupelian and Chattian The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/ Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest sta ... ages. References Oligocene geochronology Oligocene life Oligocene animals of North America Oligocene Series of North America {{geochronology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orellan
The Orellan North American Stage on the geologic timescale The geologic time scale, or geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geoch ... is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), 34-32 million years ago. It is usually considered to fall within the Early Oligocene. The Orellan precedes the Whitneyan and follows the Chadronian NALMA stages. The Orellan is contained within the Rupelian and shares the lower boundary. References Oligocene life Oligocene animals of North America {{geochronology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
