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Chlamydomonadales
Chlamydomonadales, also known as Volvocales, are an order of flagellated or pseudociliated green algae, specifically of the Chlorophyceae.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Chlamydomonadales Data extracted from the Chlamydomonadales can form planar or spherical colonies. These vary from '' Gonium'' (four to 32 cells) up to '' Volvox'' (500 cells or more). Each cell has two flagella, and is similar in appearance to '' Chlamydomonas'', with the flagella throughout the colony moving in coordination. Both asexual and sexual reproduction occur. In the former, cells divide until they form new colonies, which are then released. In the smaller forms, typically all cells are involved, but larger forms have anterior vegetative and posterior reproductive cells. Sexual reproduction varies from isogamy (both genders produce flagellated gametes of equal size) to oogamy (one gender produces a much larger, nonmotile gamete). The classification of the Chlamydomonadales varies. Very often they are ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorophyceae
The Chlorophyceae, also known as chlorophycean algae, are one of the classes of green algae, within the phylum Chlorophyta. They are a large assemblage of mostly freshwater and terrestrial organisms; many members are important primary producers in the ecosystems they inhabit. Their body plans are diverse and range from single flagellated or non-flagellated cells to colonies or filaments of cells. The class Chlorophyceae has been distinguished on the basis of ultrastructural morphology; molecular traits are also being used to classify taxa within the class. Description Chlorophycean algae are eukaryotic organisms composed of cells which occur in a variety of forms. Depending on the species, Chlorophyceae can grow unicellular (e.g. ''Chlamydomonas)'', colonial (e.g. ''Volvox''), coenocytic (e.g. '' Characiosiphon''), or filamentous (e.g. '' Chaetophora''). In their vegetative state, some members have flagella while others produce them only in reproductive stages; still others never ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astrephomene
''Astrephomene'' is a genus of green algae in the family Goniaceae, order Chlamydomonadales. The genus was first discovered in 1937 by Mary Pocock and later named by Pocock in 1953. The name comes from the Classical Greek roots ''a-'' (meaning "not") and ''strephomene'' (meaning "turning itself"), referring to its mode of reproduction. To date, the genus contains two species. ''Astrephomene'' is a member of the volvocine algae, a group of algae that are a model organism. Volvocine algae are used to study the origins and evolution of multicellularity. The genome of '' Astrephomene gubernaculifera'' has been sequenced. Description ''Astrephomene'' is a colonial, flagellated green alga, consisting of 16, 32, 64 or 128 cells arranged at the periphery of a gelatinous matrix. Two to seven cells are somatic cells (also termed rudder cells); they are small and oriented such that their flagella form a rudder. Cells are spherical or lenticular (lens-shaped), and each cell contains an e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorosarcinaceae
Chlorosarcinaceae is a family (biology), family of Chlorophyta, chlorophyte green algae, in the order Chlamydomonadales. Members of this genus are found in soils. Members of the family Chlorosarcinaceae usually occur as irregular packet-shaped colonies, rarely singly. Cells are spherical to irregular, particularly flattened at the walls when in contact with neighboring cells. The chloroplast is varied in morphology; it may be parietal and cup- or mantle-shaped, or centrally located and irregular or reticulate. Pyrenoids are present in most genera. Reproduction occurs via cell division, and via the formation of zoospores. As currently defined, the family is a polyphyletic and thus artificial assemblage of different genera. Phylogenetic analyses have placed the genera as sister to various taxa within the Chlamydomonadales. The type species of the type genus, ''Chlorosarcina elegans'', is not available in culture. Genera , AlgaeBase accepted the following genera: *''Borodinella'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonium
''Gonium'' (Greek: γωνία ''gonia'', "angle" or "corner") is a genus of colonial green algae, a member of the order Chlamydomonadales. The genus was first described by Otto Friedrich Müller in 1773, and is among the most common types of algae found in freshwater habitats. It has a cosmopolitan distribution. Typical colonies of ''Gonium'' consist of 4 to 16 cells arranged in a flat plate. ''Gonium'' is capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction. Along with other algae such as ''Volvox'', '' Eudorina'' and ''Chlamydomonas'', it is a model organism for studying the origins and evolution of multicellularity. Description ''Gonium'' consists of flat, planar colonies of four to 32 cells, all identical with the colony having no anterior-posterior differentiation. In one species ''Gonium dispersum'', single cells may also be found. In a colony of 16 cells, four are in the center, and the other 12 are on the four sides, three each. A description by G.M. Smith (1920, p. 94): ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haematococcaceae
Haematococcaceae is a family of green algae in the order Chlamydomonadales. It consists of freshwater algae such as '' Chlorogonium'', '' Haematococcus'' and '' Stephanosphaera''. Members of the family Haematococcaceae have cells with are spindle-shaped to needle-shaped, or ellipsoidal to spherical. Cells are solitary, except for ''Stephanosphaera'' which is coenobial. The cell wall is usually separated from the protoplast, and connected to it by thin or thick strands. Two or many scattered, irregular contractile vacuoles are present. Some members accumulate hematochrome (carotenoid pigments) in their cells. Asexual reproduction occurs via the formation of zoospores. During zoospore formation, the protoplast first divides transversely; a similar pattern applies to gamete formation. Haematococcaceae is polyphyletic, containing members from the clades ''Stephanosphaerinia'' and ''Chlorogonia''. See also * Algaculture * Astaxanthin Astaxanthin is a keto- carotenoid within ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goniaceae
Goniaceae is a family of algae in the order Chlamydomonadales, that includes the genera '' Astrephomene'' and '' Gonium''. Members of the Goniaceae are distinguished from those of the Volvocaceae by having each cell surrounded by a tripartite boundary of the extracellular matrix, as opposed to the entire colony being surrounded by the tripartite boundary in Volvocaceae. Goniaceae is the sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and ... to Volvocaceae. References Chlorophyceae families Chlamydomonadales {{Chlorophyceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunaliellaceae
Dunaliellaceae is a family of algae in the order Chlamydomonadales. It is widespread in freshwater and saline environments worldwide, less so in marine waters. Members of the family Dunaliellaceae are single-celled, flagellate algae. They are of various shapes (most commonly spheroidal, less commonly flattened), without sharp edges, ribs or processes. The periplast lacks cell walls or other coverings, such as scales, and are thus flexible to varying degrees. Two or four flagella are present. The chloroplast is variable in shape, and a both a pyrenoid and stigma may be present or absent; some taxa are colorless and lack chloroplasts (or at least they are reduced to leucoplasts). Reproduction occurs by cell division, which begins at the apex of the cell. Dunaliellaceae, as currently circumscribed, is polyphyletic. A systematic revision is underway that includes molecular data to better reflect phylogenetic relationships. Currently, both the traditional name Dunaliellaceae is in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorochytriaceae
Chlorochytriaceae is a family of algae within the order Chlamydomonadales. Alternatively, it shows some morphological similarity to Characiosiphonaceae and closely related to it. It contains a number of parasitic taxa endophytic within vascular plants, mosses, or other algae. The family Chlorochytriaceae consists of microscopic organisms which are unicellular or multicellular, with relatively large cells (up to 400 µm long); the cells may have an secondarily thickened cell wall or rhizoidal extensions. Chloroplasts are usually parietally located, and may be divided into complex lobes and/or contain pyrenoids. Cells contain one or more nuclei. Reproduction occurs via zoospores with two flagella A flagellum (; : flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores ( zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many pr ...; sexual reproduction via gametes m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorangiellaceae
Chlorangiellaceae is a green algae family in the order Chlamydomonadales. The Chlorangiellaceae consists of solitary or colonial organisms, attached to a substrate. Cells may be embedded in gelatinous cell wall sheaths, or with no gelatinous mass and instead attached to the substrate via stalks, pads, or threads. Reproduction occurs via zoospores or gametes. Organisms in Chlorangiellaceae are typically epibiontic on plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms that drift in Hydrosphere, water (or atmosphere, air) but are unable to actively propel themselves against ocean current, currents (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are ca ..., rarely tychoplanktonic. References External links * * * Chlorophyceae families Chlamydomonadales {{Chlorophyceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Characiosiphonaceae
The Characiosiphonaceae are a family of algae in the order Chlamydomonadales. Two genera are included in this family, '' Characiosiphon'' and '' Lobocharacium'', each containing a single species. The genus '' Characiochloris'' may eventually be placed in this family pending future revisions, as it is phylogenetically closely related to the twose genera. Algae in the family Characiosiphonaceae are coenocytic, consisting of thalli attached to a substrate. In each coenocyte, there are many separate protoplasms lining a membrane, all surrounding a central sap-filled vacuole. In each protoplasm is a nucleus and a chloroplast surrounding it. Reproduction occurs by fusiform (spindle-shaped) zoospore A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are ...s and spherical gametes. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Characiochloridaceae
Characiochloridaceae is a family of green algae in the order Chlamydomonadales. Characiochloridaceae consists of solitary or rarely clustered cells, attached to a substrate via a stalk or other adhesive organ. Cells are heteropolar, ranging from egg-shaped to spindle- or pear-shaped, but also sometimes spherical. The adhesive part of the cell may be colored brown from iron compounds. The cell contains a single parietal chloroplast, which may be cup-shaped and variously lobed and dissected. Chloroplasts have at least one pyrenoid surrounded by a layer of starch. Vegetative cells are uninucleate, i.e. with one nucleus. Asexual reproduction occurs when the protoplast successively divides into 2-64 zoospores, each with two flagella. Less often, aplanospores or autospores are formed. Sexual reproduction has been observed, but is rare. The taxonomy of Characiochloridaceae is in need of revision, as phylogenetic studies using rDNA have shown that it is not monophyletic. The type genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asteromonadaceae
Asteromonadaceae are a family of algae in the order Chlamydomonadales.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Asteromonadaceae Data extracted from the Asteromonadaceae consists of cells that are angular in cross section, with longitudinal ribs. Cells have two or four flagella A flagellum (; : flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores ( zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many pr .... They are mostly found in marine or saline habitats, with a few freshwater representatives. Formerly, genera such as '' Aulacomonas'' and '' Collodictyon'' have been placed in this family. However, these have been placed in their own family that is phylogenetically very distant from other flagellate groups. References Chlamydomonadales Chlorophyceae families {{Chlorophyceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
