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Chinese Whole Characters
A Chinese whole character, or whole Chinese character (Pinyin: hànzì zhěngzì; Traditional Chinese: 漢字整字; Simplified Chinese: 汉字整字), is a complete Chinese character. It lies at the final level of the stroke-component-character Chinese character composition. According to their structures, Chinese characters can be divided into ''undecomposable characters'' (独体字) and ''decomposable characters'' (合体字). An undecomposable character is formed by one primitive component and is also called a single-component character, a decomposable character can be decomposed into two or more components and is also called a multi-component character. Undecomposable characters Definition An undecomposable character is directly formed by strokes, can not be decomposed into smaller components, though may be a component of a decomposable character. For example, 人 is an undecomposable characters formed by strokes ㇓ and ㇏, and is used to form character 丛. Lists of un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinyin Order
Pinyin alphabetical order, or Pinyin order in short, is a sound-based Chinese character sorting method which has been used for arrangement of entries in ''Xinhua Dictionary'', ''Xiandai Hanyu Cidian'', ''Oxford Chinese Dictionary'' and many other modern dictionaries. In this method, Chinese characters are arranged according to the order of the Latin alphabet adopted in " Chinese Pinyin Scheme". Pinyin alphabetical order is applicable to the ordering of both Chinese characters and words. It is primarily of alphabetical order and thus more simple and internationally acceptable than the traditional Radical-and-stroke sorting. The serious disadvantage of pinyin order lies in its disability to support lookup of words without knowing their pronunciations. Sorting single Chinese characters The rules for sorting two Chinese characters into pinyin order are as follows: Rule of basic alphabet To arrange two Chinese characters into basic alphabetical order, first compare the first lette ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke-based Order
Stroke-based sorting, also called stroke-based ordering or stroke-based order, is one of the five sorting methods frequently used in modern Chinese dictionaries, the others being radical-based sorting, pinyin-based sorting, bopomofo and the four-corner method. In addition to functioning as an independent sorting method, stroke-based sorting is often employed to support the other methods. For example, in Xinhua Dictionary (新华字典), Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (现代汉语词典) and ''Oxford Chinese Dictionary'', stroke-based sorting is used to sort homophones in Pinyin sorting, while in radical-based sorting it helps to sort the radical list, the characters under a common radical, as well as the list of characters difficult to lookup by radicals. In stroke-based sorting, Chinese characters are ordered by different features of strokes, including stroke counts, stroke forms, stroke orders, stroke combinations, stroke positions, etc. Stroke-count sorting This method arranges chara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chenzihmyon Typefaces
The ''Thousand Character Classic'' (), also known as the ''Thousand Character Text'', is a Chinese poem that has been used as a primer for teaching Chinese characters to children from the sixth century onward. It contains exactly one thousand characters, each used only once, arranged into 250 lines of four characters apiece and grouped into four line rhyming stanzas to make it easy to memorize. It is sung in a way similar to children learning the Latin alphabet sing an "alphabet song." Along with the ''Three Character Classic'' and the ''Hundred Family Surnames'', it has formed the basis of literacy training in traditional China. The first line is ''Tian di xuan huang'' () and the last line, ''Yan zai hu ye'' () explains the use of the grammatical particles "yan", "zai", "hu", and "ye". History There are several stories of the work's origin. One says that Emperor Wu of the Liang dynasty (r. 502–549) commissioned Zhou Xingsi (, 470–521) to compose this poem for his prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fonts
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a " sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In modern usage, with the advent of computer fonts, the term "font" has come to be used as a synonym for "typeface", although a typical typeface (or "font family") consists of a number of fonts. For instance, the typeface "Bauer Bodoni" (sample shown here) includes fonts " Roman" (or "Regular"), "Bold" and ''" Italic"''; each of these exists in a variety of sizes. The term "font" is correctly applied to any one of these alone but may be seen used loosely to refer to the whole typeface. When used in computers, each style is in a separate digital "font file". In both traditional typesetting and modern usage, the word "font" refers to the delivery mechanism of the typeface. In traditional typesetting, the font would be made from metal or wood type: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters
The ''List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters'' is the current standard list of 8,105 Chinese characters published by the government of the People's Republic of China and promulgated in June 2013. The project began in 2001, originally named the "Table of Standard Chinese Characters." This table integrates the ''First Batch of Simplified Characters'' (1955), the ''Complete List of Simplified Characters'' (initially published in 1964, last revised in 1986), and the ''List of Commonly Used Characters in Modern Chinese'' (1988), while also refining and improving it based on the current usage of characters in mainland China. After 8 years of development, a draft for public comment was released on August 12, 2009. It was officially promulgated on June 5, 2013, becoming the standard for the use of Chinese characters in general societal applications, and all previously related character lists were discontinued from that date. Of the characters included, 3,500 are in Tier 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Council Of The People's Republic Of China
The State Council, constitutionally synonymous with the Central People's Government since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the premier and includes each cabinet-level executive department's executive chief. Currently, the council has 35 members: the premier, one executive vice premier, three other vice premiers, five state councilors (of whom three are also ministers and one is also the secretary-general), and 26 in charge of the Council's constituent departments. The State Council directly oversees provincial-level People's Governments, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the CCP. Aside from very few non-CCP ministers, members of the State Council are also members of the CCP's Central Committee. Organization The State Council meets every six months. Between meetings it is guided by a (Executive Meeting) that meets weekly. The standin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chart Of Standard Forms Of Common National Characters
The Chart of Standard Forms of Common National Characters or the Table of Standard Typefaces for Frequently-Used Chinese Characters () is a list of 4,808 commonly used Chinese characters. The standard typefaces were prescribed by Taiwan's Ministry of Education, and have been adopted in the textbooks for primary and junior high schools in Taiwan since September 1982. History The project to standardize frequently used Chinese characters started in 1973. This work was undertaken by a task force consisting from the Graduate Institute of Chinese of the National Taiwan Normal University. The Chart was completed in 1978 and published in June 1979. On September 1, 1982, the Ministry of Education promulgated the Chart of Standard Forms of Common National Characters, which contained 4,808 characters. In December of the same year, it publicized the Chart of Standard Forms of Less-Than-Common National Characters (), which included 6,341 characters. In addition, 18,388 characters in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Graphemes Of Commonly-Used Chinese Characters
The List of Graphemes of Commonly-Used Chinese Characters () is a list of 4762 commonly used Chinese characters and their standardized forms prescribed by the Hong Kong Education Bureau. The list is meant to be taught in primary and middle schools in Hong Kong, but does not place restrictions on typefaces used for printing such as Ming, gothic, or rounded gothic typeface styles. History Research and compilation work on the ''List'' began in July 1984. The work was undertaken by Professor Lei Hok-ming () of the Department of Chinese of the Education Bureau Institute of Language in Education (ILE) () and other scholars within the department. A Committee for the Research of Commonly-Used Chinese Character Graphemes, composed of scholars from various academic institutions, also participated in the examination and approval process for each character. The ''List'' was completed in September 1985 and published in September 1986. The list was revised more thoroughly upon republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Character Strokes
Strokes () are the smallest structural units making up written Chinese characters. In the act of writing, a stroke is defined as a movement of a writing instrument on a writing material surface, or the trace left on the surface from a discrete application of the writing implement. The modern sense of discretized strokes first came into being with the clerical script during the Han dynasty. In the regular script that emerged during the Tang dynasty—the most recent major style, highly studied for its aesthetics in East Asian calligraphy—individual strokes are discrete and highly regularized. By contrast, the ancient seal script has line terminals within characters that are often unclear, making them non-trivial to count. Study and classification of strokes is useful for understanding Chinese character calligraphy, ensuring character legibility. identifying fundamental components of radicals, and implementing support for the writing system on computers. Evolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Character Components
In Written Chinese, components () are building blocks of characters, composed of strokes. In most cases, a component consists of more than one stroke, and is smaller than the whole of the character. For example, the character consists of two components: and . These can be further decomposed: can be analyzed as the sequence of strokes , and as the sequence . There are two methods for Chinese character component analysis, ''hierarchical dividing'' and ''plane dividing''. Hierarchical dividing separates layer by layer from larger to smaller components, and finally gets the primitive components. Plane dividing separates out the primitive components at one time. The structure of a Chinese character is the pattern or rule in which the character is formed by its (first level) components. Chinese character structures include single-component structure, left-right structure, up-down structure and surrounding structure. Analysis Chinese characters may be analyzed in terms of small ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Chinese Characters
Modern Chinese characters () are the Chinese characters used in modern languages, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese. Chinese characters are composed of components, which are in turn composed of strokes. The 100 most frequently-used characters cover (i.e., having an accumulated frequency of) over 40% of modern Chinese texts. The 1000 most frequently-used characters cover approximately 90% of the texts. There are a variety of novel aspects of modern Chinese characters, including that of orthography, phonology, and semantics, as well as matters of collation and organization and statistical analysis, computer processing, and pedagogy. Background Historical development Since maturing as a complete writing system, Chinese characters have had an uninterrupted history of development over more than 3,000 years, with stages including * Oracle bone script, * Bronze script, * Seal script, * Clerical script, and * Regular script, leading to the modern written forms, as il ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of CJK Fonts
This is a list of notable CJK fonts (computer fonts which contain a large range of Chinese/Japanese/Korean characters). These fonts are primarily sorted by their typeface, the main classes being "with serif", "without serif" and "script". In this article, the two first classes are named Ming and sans-serif (gothic) while the "script" is further divided into several Chinese script styles. The fonts are then sorted by their target writing system:A font targeted to a writing system usually still contains glyphs in the other writing systems. * Chinese: Chinese character.This can be subdivided into the following classification: ** Simplified Chinese ** Traditional Chinese (General, using printing standard or jiu zixing, ) ** Traditional Chinese (Taiwan, using education standard: Standard Form of National Characters, ) ** Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong, using education standard: List of Graphemes of Commonly-Used Chinese Characters, ) : Simplified Chinese will be shortened to SC an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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