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Chinese Tatars
The Chinese Tatars (), or simply Tatars ( zh, s=塔塔尔族), are a Turkic ethnic group in Xinjiang, China. They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the Chinese government. , there are 3,544 Chinese Tatars living in Xinjiang, mostly in the cities of Yining, Tacheng, and Ürümqi. The Daquan Tatar Ethnic Township of Qitai County in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, which sits on the edge of the Gurbantünggüt Desert, is the only subdivision designated for the Chinese Tatars. Culture The Chinese Tatars are descendants of Volga Tatars and Siberian Tatars, who migrated to Xinjiang from their native Idel-Ural region and Siberia of modern-day Russia. The Tatars have traditionally acted as mediators between the Russians and the native Muslim peoples of Xinjiang. The first wave of permanent Tatar settlement in Xinjiang began in 1851, primarily in cities such as Ghulja (Yining). Tatars brought progressive ideas and new institutions into Xinjiang, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xinjiang
Xinjiang,; , SASM/GNC romanization, SASM/GNC: Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Sinkiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the Northwest China, northwest of the country at the crossroads of Central Asia and East Asia. Being the List of Chinese administrative divisions by area, largest province-level division of China by area and the List of the largest country subdivisions by area, 8th-largest country subdivision in the world, Xinjiang spans over and has about 25 million inhabitants. Xinjiang Borders of China, borders the countries of Afghanistan, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, and Tajikistan. The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun Mountains, Kunlun and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. The Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract regions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians
Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavs, Slavic and Ethnic groups in Europe, European nation. Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Polish people, Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia, people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. The vast majority of Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnic Groups Officially Recognized By China
An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people with shared attributes, which they collectively believe to have, and long-term endogamy. Ethnicities share attributes like language, culture, common sets of ancestry, traditions, society, religion, history or social treatment. Ethnicities may also have a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, with some groups having mixed genetic ancestry. ''Ethnicity'' is sometimes used interchangeably with ''nation'', particularly in cases of ethnic nationalism. It is also used interchangeably with '' race'' although not all ethnicities identify as racial groups. By way of assimilation, acculturation, amalgamation, language shift, intermarriage, adoption and religious conversion, individuals or groups may over time shift from one ethnic group to another. Ethnic groups may be divided into subgroups or tribes, which over time may become separate ethnic groups themselves due to endogamy or physical isolation from the parent gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatar People
Tatars ( )Tatar in the Collins English Dictionary are a group of across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia who bear the name " Tatar". Initially, the ethnonym ''Tatar'' possibly referred to the . That confederation was eventually incorporated into the when |
Chinese Tatars
The Chinese Tatars (), or simply Tatars ( zh, s=塔塔尔族), are a Turkic ethnic group in Xinjiang, China. They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the Chinese government. , there are 3,544 Chinese Tatars living in Xinjiang, mostly in the cities of Yining, Tacheng, and Ürümqi. The Daquan Tatar Ethnic Township of Qitai County in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, which sits on the edge of the Gurbantünggüt Desert, is the only subdivision designated for the Chinese Tatars. Culture The Chinese Tatars are descendants of Volga Tatars and Siberian Tatars, who migrated to Xinjiang from their native Idel-Ural region and Siberia of modern-day Russia. The Tatars have traditionally acted as mediators between the Russians and the native Muslim peoples of Xinjiang. The first wave of permanent Tatar settlement in Xinjiang began in 1851, primarily in cities such as Ghulja (Yining). Tatars brought progressive ideas and new institutions into Xinjiang, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margub Iskhakov
Margub Timergalievich Iskhakov (13 March 1923 – 1992) was a Chinese Tatar military officer who held several important commands in the armies of the Second East Turkestan Republic and the People's Republic of China. He defected to the Soviet Union in the 1962 Yi–Ta incident, amid the Sino-Soviet split. He died in Alma-Ata (Almaty), Kazakhstan, in 1992. Biography Iskhakov was born to an ethnic Muslim Tatar family in the Chinese city of Ghulja in 1923. A communist, Iskhakov was imprisoned for two years under the regime of Sheng Shicai, after which he joined the Ili Rebellion as a political commissar. In 1945, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Ili National Army of the Second East Turkestan Republic. Following the Incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China in 1949, Iskhakov joined the Chinese Communist Party and accepted a commission in the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was eventually appointed Chief of Staff of the Xinjiang Military Region and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asgat Iskhakov
Asgat Iskhakov (1 December 1921 – 7 January 1976) was a Chinese Tatar politician who occupied several political offices in his native Xinjiang. He was one of a number of high ranking officials formerly affiliated with the Second East Turkestan Republic who joined the Chinese Communist Party following the 1949 incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China. In 1954, he was elected to the 1st National People's Congress The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People .... He served as Vice-Chairman of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from August 1956 to September 1968. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Ishakov, Asgat 1921 births 1976 deaths 20th century in Xinjiang Chinese Muslims Chinese Tatars Delegates to the 1st National People's Congress Muslim socialists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zunun Taipov
Zunun Taipovich Taipov (18 August 1917 – 12 October 1984) was a Chinese Tatar military officer in the armies of the Second East Turkestan Republic and the People's Republic of China. He defected to the Soviet Union in the 1962 Yi–Ta incident, amid the Sino-Soviet split. He died in Alma-Ata (Almaty), Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ..., in 1984. References 1917 births 1984 deaths Chinese emigrants to the Soviet Union Chinese Tatars Ili National Army People's Liberation Army generals People from Almaty Region Chinese defectors Defectors to the Soviet Union {{China-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habib Yunich
Habib Yunich (also russified as Yunichev; 1906–1945) was a Chinese Tatar educator, journalist, and politician. He served as the Second East Turkestan Republic's education minister from the government's establishment in 1944 until his sudden death from typhus in 1945. He was succeeded by his deputy Seypidin Azizi. A highly educated polyglot, Yunich was concerned primarily with improving the cultural and educational institutions of his hometown Ghulja (Yining). He founded the city's first public library and Uyghur-language newspaper. Early life and education Habib Yunich was born in 1906, in the Uyghur-majority city of Ghulja. His father was Faziljan, an ethnic Tatar from Russia who became a respected '' aqsaqal'' (local elder) of Ghulja. A tsarist, Faziljan chose not to return to Russia following the February Revolution of 1917 and successfully applied for Chinese citizenship. Yunich studied in Turkey and the Soviet Union as a young adult, learning a plethora of Turkic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burhan Shahidi
Burhan Shahidi (3 October 1894 – 27 August 1989) was a Chinese Tatar politician who occupied several high-level positions in Xinjiang, in the governments of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the People's Republic of China. He held the position of Vice-Chairman of the Second, Third, Fifth, and Sixth National Committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), served as Chairman of the Xinjiang Provincial People's Government, and was the founder and inaugural President of the Islamic Association of China. Life Early life Burhan Shahidi was born in 1894 in the Russian Kazan Governorate to a Volga Tatars, Tatar family. His family was poor and he received little schooling in his early years. In 1912, after the Qing Dynasty was overthrown, he accompanied Tatar merchants to Dihua (now Ürümqi) in Xinjiang and worked as an apprentice and store-clerk.(Chinese"新疆风云人物 数朝元老包尔汉" 1 November 2010 In 1914, he was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uyghur Arabic Alphabet
The Uyghur Arabic alphabet () is a version of the Arabic alphabet used for writing the Uyghur language, primarily by Uyghurs living in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It is one of several Uyghur alphabets and has been the official alphabet of the Uyghur language since 1982. The first Perso-Arabic derived alphabet for Uyghur was developed in the 10th century, when Islam was introduced there. The alphabet was used for writing the Chagatai language, the regional literary language, and is now known as the Chagatay alphabet (). It was used nearly exclusively up to the early 1920s. This alphabet did not represent Uyghur vowels and according to Robert Barkley Shaw, spelling was irregular and long vowel letters were frequently written for short vowels since most Turki speakers were unsure of the difference between long and short vowels. The pre-modification alphabet used Arabic diacritics (, and ) to mark short vowels. Also, the was used to represent a short by some Turki wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinisation In The Soviet Union
Latinisation or latinization ( ) was a campaign in the Soviet Union to adopt the Latin script during the 1920s and 1930s. Latinisation aimed to replace Cyrillic and traditional writing systems for all languages of the Soviet Union with Latin or Latin-based systems, or introduce them for languages that did not have a writing system. Latinisation began to slow in the Soviet Union during the 1930s and a Cyrillisation campaign was launched instead. Latinization had effectively ended by the 1940s. Most of these Latin alphabets are defunct and several (especially for languages in the Caucasus) contain multiple letters that do not have Unicode support as of 2023. History Background Since at least 1700, some intellectuals in the Russian Empire had sought to Latinise the Russian language, written in Cyrillic script, in their desire for closer relations with the West. The early 20th century, the Bolsheviks had four goals: to break with Tsarism, to spread socialism to the whol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
