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Chilli Leaf Curl Virus
''Chilli leaf curl virus'' (ChiLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus ''Begomovirus'' and the family ''Geminiviridae''. ChiLCV causes severe disease especially in pepper ('' Capsicum spp.''), but also affects other crops such as tomato (''Solanum lycopersicum''). It can be found in tropical and subtropical regions primarily in India, but has also been detected in countries such as Indonesia and Sri Lanka. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family ''Aleyrodidae'' and order '' Hemiptera'', the whitefly ''Bemisia tabaci''. The primary host for ChiLCV are several ''Capsicum spp.,'' but host species also include tomato and amaranth. ChiLCV has been responsible for several epidemics and causes severe economic losses. It is the focus of research trying to understand the genetic basis of resistance. Currently, a few sources of resistance have been discovered and used to breed resistant varieties. Genome This virus typically consists of a single circular single-stranded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Begomovirus
''Begomovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Geminiviridae''. They are plant viruses that as a group have a very wide host range, infecting dicotyledonous plants. Worldwide they are responsible for a considerable amount of economic damage to many important crops such as tomatoes, beans, squash, cassava and cotton. There are 445 species in this genus. Morphology Virus particles are non-enveloped. The nucleocapsid is 38 nanometers (nm) long and 15–22 nm in diameter. While particles have basic icosahedral symmetry, they consist of two incomplete icosahedra—missing one vertex—joined together. There are 22 capsomeres per nucleocapsid. Genome Single stranded closed circular DNA. Many begomoviruses have a bipartite genome: this means that the genome is segmented into two segments (referred to as DNA A and DNA B) that are packaged into separate particles. Both segments are generally required for successful symptomatic infection in a host cell but DNA B is depe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus
''Tomato yellow leaf curl virus'' (TYLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus '' Begomovirus'' and the family '' Geminiviridae''. TYLCV causes the most destructive disease of tomato, and it can be found in tropical and subtropical regions causing severe economic losses. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family ''Aleyrodidae'' and order ''Hemiptera'', the whitefly '' Bemisia tabaci'', commonly known as the silverleaf whitefly or the sweet potato whitefly. The primary host for TYLCV is the tomato plant, and other plant hosts where TYLCV infection has been found include eggplants, potatoes, tobacco, beans, and peppers. Due to the rapid spread of TYLCV in the last few decades, there is an increased focus in research trying to understand and control this damaging pathogen. Some interesting findings include virus being sexually transmitted from infected males to non-infected females (and vice versa), and an evidence that TYLCV is transovarially transmitted to offspring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papaya Leaf Curl Virus
''Papaya leaf curl virus'' (PaLCuV) is a DNA virus from the genus ''Begomovirus'' and the family ''Geminiviridae''. PaLCuV causes severe disease in papaya (''Carica papaya''), but can sometimes infect other crops such as tobacco or tomato. It can be found in tropical and subtropical regions primarily in India, but closely related species have also been detected in countries such as China, Malaysia, Nigeria and South Korea. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family ''Aleyrodidae'' and order ''Hemiptera Hemiptera (; ) is an order (biology), order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, Reduviidae, assassin bugs, Cimex, bed bugs, and shield bugs. ...'', the whitefly '' Bemisia tabaci''. PaLCuV has been responsible for several epidemics and causes severe economic losses. Because of the broad diversity of these viruses, their characterization and control remains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pepper Leaf Curl Virus
''Pepper leaf curl virus'' (PepLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus ''Begomovirus'' and the family ''Geminiviridae''. PepLCV causes severe disease especially in pepper ('' Capsicum spp.''). It can be found in tropical and subtropical regions such as Thailand and India, but has also been detected in countries such as the United States and Nigeria. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family ''Aleyrodidae'' and order ''Hemiptera'', the whitefly ''Bemisia tabaci''. The primary host for PepLCV are several ''Capsicum spp.''. PepLCV has been responsible for several epidemics and causes severe economic losses. It is the focus of research trying to understand the genetic basis of resistance. Currently, a source of resistance to the virus has been identified in the Bhut Jolokia pepper. Genome This virus consists of a single circular single-stranded (ss) DNA molecule (2744 nt in size), and betasatellite, which is a common distinction among viruses in the family ''Gemini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chili Leaf Curl Sri Lanka Virus
Chili or chilli may refer to: Food * Chili pepper, the spicy fruit of plants in the genus ''Capsicum''; sometimes spelled "chilli" in the UK and "chile" in the southwestern US * Chili powder, the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper * Chili con carne, often referred to simply as "chili", a stew with a chili sauce base * Cincinnati chili, a meat sauce popular in Ohio and Northern Kentucky; different from ''Chili con carne'' * Chili sauce Places China * Zhili, formerly romanized as Chili, a former Chinese province United States * Chili, Indiana, an unincorporated town * Chili, New Mexico, an unincorporated census-designated place * Chili, New York, a suburb of Rochester * Chili, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Chili, Wisconsin, an unincorporated census-designated place * Chili Gulch (also spelled ''Chile Gulch''), a gulch in Calaveras County, California * Chili Township, Hancock County, Illinois ** Chili, Illinois, an unincorporated community Peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evidence of a close relationship. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others again are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two distinct groups of arachnids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thrips (genus)
''Thrips'' is a genus of insect in the order Thysanoptera. Ecology Species in the genus ''Thrips'' feed on pollen, and can be major agricultural pests, with several being vectors of tospoviruses. Etymology The name ''Thrips'' comes from the Greek word meaning woodworm. Diversity ''Thrips'' is the largest genus of thrips, with over 280 species, most of which are found in Europe, Africa and the Mediterranean Basin. Other species occur on each of the continents, including one species described from Antarctica. ''Thrips'' includes the species of thrips most frequently intercepted at ports of entry into the United States, '' T. tabaci''. The following species are recognised: *''Thrips abyssiniae'' *'' Thrips acaciae'' *'' Thrips addendus'' *'' Thrips alatus'' *'' Thrips albogilvus'' *'' Thrips albopilosus'' *''Thrips aleuritis'' *''Thrips alius'' *''Thrips alliorum'' *'' Thrips alni'' *''Thrips alysii'' *''Thrips andrewsi'' *''Thrips angusticeps'' *''Thrips annulata'' *'' T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amaranthus Caudatus
''Amaranthus caudatus'' (also known as ''Amaranthus edulis'' and ''Amaranthus mantegazzianus'') is a species of annual flowering plant. It goes by common names such as love-lies-bleeding, pendant amaranth, tassel flower, velvet flower, foxtail amaranth, and quilete. To the Quechua people of South America, ''A. caudatus'' is referred to as kiwicha, quihuicha, inca jataco; ataco, ataku, sankurachi, jaguarcha (Ecuador), millmi, or coimi. While to the Aymara people, who are native to the Andes and Altiplano regions of South America, ''A. caudatus'' is known as qamasa. Many parts of the plant, including the leaves and seeds, are edible, and are frequently used as a source of food in India as well as in South America, where it is the most important Andean species of ''Amaranthus'', known as kiwicha. (See also amaranth seed and Andean ancient plants.) This species, as with many other amaranths, is originally from the American tropics. The exact origin is unknown, as ''A. caudatus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geminiviridae
''Geminiviridae'' is a family of plant viruses that encode their genetic information on a circular genome of single-stranded (ss) DNA. There are 520 species in this family, assigned to 14 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: bright yellow mosaic, yellow mosaic, yellow mottle, leaf curling, stunting, streaks, reduced yields. They have single-stranded circular DNA genomes encoding genes that diverge in both directions from a virion strand origin of replication (i.e. geminivirus genomes are ambisense). According to the Baltimore classification they are considered class II viruses. It is the largest known family of single stranded DNA viruses. Mastrevirus and curtovirus transmission is via various leafhopper species (e.g. maize streak virus and other African streak viruses are transmitted by ''Cicadulina mbila''), the only known topocuvirus species, ''Tomato pseudo-curly top virus'', is transmitted by the treehopper '' Micrutalis malleifera'', and begomoviruses a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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